Fuga fluminensis
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Ordo: Mantodea
Familia: Liturgusidae
Genus: Fuga
Name
Fuga fluminensis (Piza, 1965) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Hagiomantis fluminensis: Piza 1965[1]: 130; Terra 1995[2]: 54; Ehrmann 2002[3]: 163; Otte and Spearman 2005[4]: 129.
Type
Holotype Male. Universidade de Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Type locality
Brazil: Itaipu, E. da Guanabara, Col: D. Lacombe - 5-2-61 (Lat. -22.950912, Long. -43.036068).
Material examined
Fuga fluminensis (Piza, 1965).
| Sex | Type | Country | Label | Latitude Longitude | Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Holotype | Brazil | Patria: Itaipu, E. da Guanabara, Col: D. Lacombe - 5-2-61. | -22.950912, -43.036068 | DZES |
| Male | nontype | Brazil | BMNH 010 | ||
| Female | nontype | Brazil | OUMNH 004 | ||
| Female | nontype | Brazil | OUMNH 005 | ||
| Female | nontype | Brazil | OUMNH 014 | ||
| Female | nontype | Brazil | OUMNH 018 | ||
| Female | nontype | Brazil | OUMNH 019 | ||
| Female | nontype | Brazil | Para, Sieber | -25.668076, -48.750323 | ZMHB 003 |
| Female | nontype | Brazil | (Prov. Rio de Jan.), Coll. v. Bonninghausen (20.X.1906) | -22.604492, -43.222469 | ZMUH 010 |
| Female | nontype | Brazil | Espirito Santo, J. Michaelis vend. 22.IV.1898 | -19.959049, -40.646506 | ZMUH 011 |
| Female | nontype | Brazil | R.d. Janeiro, Petropolis, F. Ohs, 2.2.99, Dr. Fr. Ohaus, vend. 20.VI.1911 | -22.503159, -43.183477 | ZMUH 012 |
| Female | nontype | Brazil | Prv. Rio de Janeiro, Grz. m. Minas Geraes, Fr. Wiengreen leg., ded. 1. XI. 1894 | -22.034612, -43.228938 | ZMUH 014 |
| Female | nontype | Brazil | Santos, J. Metz, leg., ded. 30. V. 1894. | -23.944261, -46.343691 | ZMUH 016 |
| Male | nontype | Brazil | OUMNH 002 |
Taxonomic history
Described in 1965 by Piza as a species of Hagiomantis, the species has since received no attention taxonomically.
Diagnosis
Medium size species, mottling pattern highly contrasting with light and dark browns, no white, black, or green included. Costal region of the forewing one of the widest in the genus relative to the wing length, banded with regular alternating patterning between pale and dark brown.
Redescription
Male. (Figs 33A, 37A) N=2: Body length measurement not possible; forewing length 14.57–16.47 (15.53); hindwing length 11.34–11.89 (11.61); pronotum length 5.87–6.53 (6.20); prozone length 1.92–2.12 (2.02); pronotum width 2.21–2.42 (2.32); pronotum narrow width 1.72–1.77 (1.75); head width 4.54–4.88 (4.71); head vertex to clypeus 1.59–1.86 (1.73); frons width 1.49–1.63 (1.56); frons height 0.58–0.65 (0.62); prothoracic femur length 6.04–6.39 (6.21); mesothoracic femur length 8.67; mesothoracic tibia length 7.00; pronotal elongation measure 0.33; pronotal shape measure 0.37–0.38 (0.37); head shape measure 0.35–0.38 (0.37); frons shape measure 0.39–0.40 (0.40); anteroventral femoral spine count 15–17 (17); anteroventral tibial spine count 9; posteroventral tibial spine count 8. Head (Fig. 45G): Juxta-ocular protuberances small, the middle being the most pronounced; the vertex between the parietal sutures is slightly concave; vertex slightly lower than the dorsal margin of the eyes. Frontal suture with a curved carina medially with an obvious angle. Ocelli small with the central ocellus oriented anteriorly while the lateral are oriented slightly off 90 degrees from the central axis of the head; protruding slightly on cuticular mounds. Frons narrowed between the antennal insertion sites and depressed below the central ocellus; a transverse carina present below the central ocellus, running from lateral margins under the antennal insertion sites medially in a dorsally oriented curve. Upper margin of clypeus slightly convex, lower margin slightly concave; a central protruding ridge strongly defined; the lateral margins tapering, widest at the upper margin. Antennae pale proximally and fading to black distally. Varying levels of black markings across the anterior surface of head, variable within the species; the vertex and juxta-ocular protuberances dark brown; two black spots medial to the parietal sutures. Palpi are pale.
Pronotum (Fig. 50C): Slightly elongate with a slightly defined supra-coxal bulge; dorsal surface mostly smooth, but with a few very small tubercles; prozone with parallel lateral margins prior to a rounded anterior margin. Metazone with concave lateral margins with a slight medial bulge, exhibiting small denticles in the posterior two thirds; posterior margin of the metazone with angled margins leading to a straight or slightly concave posterior margin, no noticeable medial emargination; the dorsal surface of the posterior half of the metazone depressed. Supra-coxal sulcus strongly defined. The lateral margins of the pronotum slightly expanded to form a small ledge. Colored with black and pale markings that vary across specimens.
Prothoracic Legs: Femur robust with a straight or slightly concave dorsal margin; anteroventral spines black, posteroventral spines pale basally with black terminus. Black and pale mottling on posterior (external) surface of femur with less than 10 tubercles; anterior (internal) surface entirely black; ventral surface entirely black. Well developed femoral pit on the ventral surface to accommodate terminal posteroventral tibial spine positioned medial to and slightly proximal to the most proximal posteroventral spine; pit is black. Posterior prothoracic femoral genicular spine smaller than posteroventral spines, originating at the beginning of the genicular lobe. Prothoracic posteroventral tibial spines with the first and second most proximal and fourth through seventh shorter than the proximal third and terminal spines; the anteroventral spines longest at distal end and shortening proximally. Posterior surface of the prothoracic tibiae smooth and dark; anterior surface black, the ventral surface brown. Prothoracic coxae smooth with varying black markings on the posterior and ventral surface, the anterior surface with a medial black stripe.
Meso- and Metathoracic Legs: Femora with pronounced dorsal and ventral carinae; posterior (upper) surface smooth. Tarsi missing.
Wings: Longer than the abdomen. Forewings mottled with contrasting regions of light and dark brown; the costal region alternating regularly from pale to dark its entire length; the costal region slightly widened. The forewings may be colored asymmetrically, one being mottled as described above while the other is much darker. Hindwings opaque and smoky with near black veins; the costal region and the anterior margin of the discoidal region pigmented with a darker reddish or rust coloration; the terminus of the discoidal region projecting well beyond the distal margin of anal region, giving an elongate appearance.
Abdomen: Elongate, tubular, and smooth. Tergites without posterolateral projections. Supra-anal plate transverse, evenly rounded. Subgenital plate rounded and without styli.
Genital Complex (Fig. 53B.1–B.2): The main body of ventral left sclerite (L4A) with a prominent, robust, curved distal process (pda) that tapers quickly to a point, the entire structure curving laterally and back onto the L4A. The apofisis falloid (afa) of the main body of dorsal left sclerite (L4B) small and curved, terminating with a blunt end; the apical process (paa) cylindrical and curved, terminating in a rounded end, slightly bulbous; a large, long membranous lobe originating between the apofisis falloid (afa) and the apical process (paa). Right phallomere (R1) too damaged for accurate description.
Description
Female. (Fig. 33B) N=8: Body length 25.26–29.89 (27.22); forewing length 17.65–20.82 (19.07); hindwing length 14.11–16.07 (14.77); pronotum length 6.69–7.85 (7.38); prozone length 2.17–2.62 (2.45); pronotum width 2.73–3.04 (2.92); pronotum narrow width 2.14–2.34 (2.25); head width 5.48–6.14 (5.92); head vertex to clypeus 2.12–2.39 (2.29); frons width 2.02–2.18 (2.10); frons height 0.73–0.88 (0.79); prothoracic femur length 6.97–8.17 (7.73); mesothoracic femur length 7.92–9.92 (9.15); mesothoracic tibia length 6.16–8.28 (7.38); mesothoracic tarsus length 6.16–7.53 (6.92); metathoracic femur length 8.38–10.01 (9.26); metathoracic tibia length 9.35–11.50 (10.46); metathoracic tarsus length 9.90–10.94 (10.42); pronotal elongation measure 0.32–0.34 (0.33); pronotal shape measure 0.37–0.42 (0.40); head shape measure 0.37–0.40 (0.39); frons shape measure 0.35–0.40 (0.38); anteroventral femoral spine count 14–16 (15); anteroventral tibial spine count 9–10 (9); posteroventral tibial spine count 8.
Head (Fig. 45H): Juxta-ocular protuberances pronounced, the apex in the middle; the vertex between the parietal sutures is straight or slightly concave; vertex higher than the dorsal margin of the eyes. Frontal suture with a curved carina forming a continuous arc. Antennae pale proximally and fading to black or dark brown distally. Varying levels of black markings across the anterior surface of head, variable within the species; the vertex and juxta-ocular protuberances dark brown; two black spots medial to the parietal sutures. Terminus of palpi are darkened.
Pronotum (Fig. 50D): Slightly elongate with a somewhat defined supra-coxal bulge; dorsal surface mostly smooth, but a few very small tubercles are present; prozone with parallel or divergent lateral margins prior to a rounded anterior margin; metazone with concave lateral margins with a medial bulge, exhibiting sparse small denticles in the posterior two thirds; posterior margin of the metazone rounded irregularly with a slight medial emargination. Supra-coxal sulcus strongly defined. The lateral margins of the pronotum slightly expanded to form a small ledge. Colored with black and pale markings that vary across specimens.
Prothoracic Legs: Black and pale banding on posterior surface of femur with less than 10 tubercles; anterior (inner) surface with a proximal black stripe as well as a distal black stripe medially; ventral surface with a black mark distally and a black mark just medial to second most proximal posteroventral spine. Posterior prothoracic femoral genicular spine slightly smaller than posteroventral spines, originating just distal to the beginning of the genicular lobe. Prothoracic posteroventral tibial spines with the first and second most proximal and fifth through seventh shorter than the proximal third, fourth and terminal spines; the anteroventral spines longest at distal end and shortening proximally. Posterior surface of the prothoracic tibiae smooth with few black marks; anterior surface pale with black marks on dorsal margin, the ventral surface pale. Prothoracic coxae smooth with varying black markings on the posterior and ventral surface, the anterior surface with two black markings of varying size, one in the proximal half and one in the distal half.
Meso- and Metathoracic Legs: Mesotarsi with first segment as long as the remaining segments combined. Metatarsi with first segment slightly longer than remaining segments combined.
Wings: Fully developed, longer than the abdomen. Forewings mottled with contrasting regions of light and dark brown; the costal region alternating regularly from pale to dark its entire length; the costal region widened, the widest part being in the middle of the wing. The forewings have not been observed to be asymmetrically colored.
Abdomen: Broad and smooth, widening from first segment until the beginning of the distal half (segments 4–5) when the lateral margins narrow gradually to the terminus, the middle being the broadest region. Tergites without posterolateral tergal projections. Cerci cylindrical, long and setose, tapering to a point. Supra-anal plate as long as wide, rounded.
Taxon Treatment
- Svenson, G; 2014: Revision of the Neotropical bark mantis genus Liturgusa Saussure, 1869 (Insecta, Mantodea, Liturgusini) ZooKeys, 390: 1-214. doi
Other References
- ↑ Piza de Toledo S (1965) Nova Espécie Brasileira de Liturgusina (Mantidae). Revista de Agricultura 40(3): 130.
- ↑ Terra P (1995) Revisao Sistematica Dos Generos De Louva-A-Deus Da Regiao Neotropical (Mantodea). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 39(1): 13-94.
- ↑ Ehrmann R (2002) Mantodea: Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Natur und Tier–Verlag GmbH, Münster, 519 pp.
- ↑ Otte D, Spearman L (2005) Mantida Species File. Catalog of the Mantids of the World. Association of Insect Diversity, Philadelphia, 489 pp.
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