Lupaeus
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Ordo: Trombidiformes
Familia: Cunaxidae
Name
Lupaeus Castro & Den Heyer, 2009 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Historical review
Berlese (1916)[1] described Eupalus subterraneus. Thor and Willmann (1941)[2] redescribed Eupalus subterraneus. Baker and Hoffmann (1948)[3] erected Cunaxoides in place of Eupalus as Eupalus was preoccupied; they also described Cunaxoides minutus and redescribed and illustrated Cunaxoides subterraneus. Den Heyer (1979b)[4] erected Pulaeus, moving those species with f2 present and setae present on basifemora IV to the new genus from Cunaxoides; he also described Pulaeus martini and Pulaeus clarae and placed Pulaeus into the subfamily Cunaxoidinae. Pulaeus platygnathus was described by Bu and Li (1991)[5]. Corpuz-Raros (1996b)[6] described Pulaeus dentatus, Pulaeus lenis, Pulaeus longisetus, Pulaeus villacarlosae, and Pulaeus filipinus from the Philippines. Hu (1997)[7] reported Pulaeus platygnathus from China. Lin and Zhang (2000)[8] reported Pulaeus platygnathus from China. Lin and Zhang (2003) reported Pulaeus minutus from China. Corpuz-Raros (2007)[9] described Pulaeus polilloensis and Pulaeus philippinensis from the Philippines. Castro and Den Heyer (2009)[10] erected Lupaeus and moved into it those species of Pulaeus that possess two pointed processes on the pedipalp tibiotarsus and 1 simple seta on basifemora IV; they also described Lupaeus lectus and Lupaeus lobidorsalis and provided a key to the Brazilian and South African species. Sergeyenko (2011b)[11] described Lupaeus valentinae. Den Heyer et al. (2013)[12] described Lupaeus iranensis and Lupaeus sativae.
Diagnosis
Gnathosoma. Pedipalps 3-segmented. Femurogenua at least twice as long as wide, complemented with 6 setae. Tibiotarsi at least twice as long as wide, usually complemented with 6 setae; they possess 2 or 3 pointed processes and may possess a bladder- or knob-like apophysis (Fig. 24a). Subcapitulum with 6 pairs of setae (hg1–4 and 2 pairs of adoral setae); setae hg4 often the longest. Chelicera with seta present.
Idiosoma, dorsal. Proterosoma bears a well-sclerotized shield complemented with 2 pairs of setae (lps and mps) and 2 pairs of setose sensillae (at and pt). Dorsal hysterosoma bears a sclerotized plate that is variable in size and fused with the proterosomal shield; it may be complemented with a variable number of setae depending on the size of the plate. Setae c1–h1, c2, f2, and h2 present. Cupule im present laterad and posterior of e1. Integument not covered in shields or plates is striated.
Idiosoma, ventral. Coxae sclerotized and well-defined. Coxae I–II may be fused and may coalesce medially to form a sternal shield. Coxae III–IV may be fused. Each coxa complemented with 2–4 setae. Genital plates each bear 4 setae (g1–4). Setae g1,2,4 usually occur in a straight line near the midline and setae g3 occur near the edge of the genital plates (Fig. 24b). 2 pairs of genital papillae visible underneath the plates. Anal plates bear 1 pair of setae; 1 pair of setae present ventrally on the integument near the anal plates. Cupule ih present ventrally laterad; the integumental setae associated with the anal plates. Integument not covered in shields or plates striated. Legs. Tarsi never constricted apically so as to end in lobes. Trichobothrium on leg tibia IV present. Basifemora setal formula 4-6-3-1. Depression of the famulus occurs on distal half of tarsus I. Tibiae I–II possess striated blunt solenidia. Ambulacral claws rippled and occur on either side of a 4-rayed empodium.
Key to adult female Lupaeus
Lupaeus longisetus is known only from the male and is not included in the key. It can be recognized by the following characters: small platelet between the edges of a divided sternal shield absent, basifemora I with 3 sts, and setae e1 elongate and barbed (Fig. 25a).
Lupaeus polilloensis is only known from the male and is not included in the key. It can be recoginized by the following characters: small platelet between the edges of a divided sternal shield absent; basifemora I–II setal formula 4-6; platelets complemented with setae f1, f2 with fused medially into one plate; and the dorsal shield densely granulate (Fig. 25b).
As suggested by Den Heyer (2011b)[13] the following species are moved to Lupaeus from Pulaeus: Lupaeus minutus (Baker and Hoffmann) and Lupaeus subterraneus (Berlese).
Taxon Treatment
- Skvarla, M; Fisher, J; Dowling, A; 2014: A review of Cunaxidae (Acariformes, Trombidiformes): Histories and diagnoses of subfamilies and genera, keys to world species, and some new locality records ZooKeys, 418: 1-103. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ Berlese A (1916) Centuria secunda di Acari nuovi. Redia 12(1): 125–177.
- ↑ Thor S, Willmann C (1941) Eupodidae, Penthalodidae, Penthaleidae, Rhagidiidae, Pachygnathidae, Cunaxidae. In: Thor S Willmann C (Eds) Das Tierreich, Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichung der rezenten Tierformen. Lieferung 71a. Walter De Gruyter and Co, Leipzig, 164–175.
- ↑ Baker E, Hoffmann A (1948) Acaros de la familia Cunaxidae. Anales de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas Mexico 5(3–4): 229–273.
- ↑ Den Heyer J (1979b) Pulaeus, a new cunaxid genus (Prostigmata: Acari). Acarologia 21(1): 18–31.
- ↑ Bu G, Li L (1991) A new species of the genus Pulaeus from China (Acari: Cunaxidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 16(1): 70–73.
- ↑ Corpuz-Raros L (1996b) Philippine predatory mites of the family Cunaxidae (Acari). Genus Pulaeus Den Heyer with records of two species from Central Kalimantan, Borneo and Java, Indonesia. Philippine Entomologist 10(2): 119–138.
- ↑ Hu S (1997) Cunaxid mites recorded in China. Journal of Ninbo Teachers College 15(1): 56–59.
- ↑ Lin L, Zhang Y (2000) Bdelloidea, 9. In: Huang B (Ed) Fauna of Insects in Fuijan Province of China. Fujian Sciences and Technology Press, Fuzhou, 109–121.
- ↑ Corpuz-Raros L (2007) Additional species of Bonziinae and Cunaxoidinae and description of the male of Coleoscirus horidula (Tseng) (Coleoscirinae) from the Philippines (Cunaxidae, Acari). Asia Life Science 16(2): 153–173.
- ↑ Den Heyer J (2009) Order Prostigmata, family Cunaxidae. In: Van Harten A (Ed) Arthropod fauna of the UAE, Vol. 2, 17–25.
- ↑ Sergeyenko A (2011b) Mites of the genera Pulaeus and Lupaeus (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae) of Crimea, Ukraine. Zootaxa 2088: 54–68.Shakhsi Zare F, Arbabi M, Kmali H, Ghasemzadeh M (2012) Study on faunestic, distribution and host range of Tetranychoidea (Arachnida: Acari) on fruit trees in Mashhad region, Iran. Journal of Entomological Research 4(3): 239–248
- ↑ Den Heyer J, Ueckermann E, Khanjani M (2013) Iranian Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdelloidea). Part III. Subfamily Cunaxoidinae. Journal of Natural History 47(31–32): 2049–2070.
- ↑ Den Heyer J (2011b) BdelloideaBase: Bdellid & Cunaxid Databases (version Sep 2011). In: Roskov Y Kunze T Paglinawan L Orrell T Nicolson D Culham A Bailly N Kirk P Bourgoin T Baillargeon G Hernandez F De Wever A (Eds) Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 2013 Annual Checklist. DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK. doi: 10.1080/01647954.2010.495953
