Leucothoe nurunuru
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Ordo: Amphipoda
Familia: Leucothoidae
Genus: Leucothoe
Name
Leucothoe nurunuru White & Reimer, 2012 sp. n. – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
Type material
Holotype male, 5.8 mm RUMF-ZC-1771, Channel between Iriomote–jima Island and Hatoma–jima Island, Okinawa, patch reef (24°26'34"N, 123°49'18"E), in canals of slimy black-purple sponge, Iotrochotidae of Dendy 1922[1] (probably Iotrochota of Ridley 1884[2]), 10 m, K.N. White and N.S. White, col., 22 April 2011 (KNWIriomote2F). Paratype female, 6.5 mm RUMF-ZC-1772, same station data as holotype.
Type locality
Iriomote Channel between Iriomote–jima and Hatoma–jima Islands (24°26'34"N, 123°49'18"E).
Additional material examined
4 specimens, RUMF-ZC-1773, KNWIriomote2F; 4 specimens, NSMT-Cr 21897, KNWIriomote2F.
Diagnosis (male)
Antenna 1 accessory flagellum 1–articulate. Maxilla 1 palp 1–articulate, margins constricted. Maxilliped outer plate with setulate-serrate marginal setae. Gnathopod 1 coxa with 2 mediofacial setae; propodus palm with square-shaped denticles. Gnathopod 2 carpus distally truncate; propodus with long submarginal setae. Pereopod 5 coxa with 2 facial setae. Telson apex with strongly rounded point. Female gnathopod 1 basis anterior margin with 16 short setae, posterior margin with 14 short setae; gnathopod 2 basis anterior margin with 14 short and 2 long curved setae.
Description (male)
Head, anterior margin rounded, anterodistal margin evenly rounded; ventral cephalic keel anterior margin excavate, anteroventral margin subquadrate, ventral margin oblique; eyes with more than 10 ommatidia, round. Antenna 1 0.3 × body length, flagellum 11–articulate, peduncle article 1 width less than 2 × article 2, accessory flagellum 1–articulate. Antenna 2 0.3 × body length, subequal in length with antenna 1, flagellum 7–articulate. Mandibular palp ratio of articles 1–3 1.0: 2.6: 1.1, article 2 with 6–8 long distal setae, article 3 with 2 distal setae, incisors strongly dentate; left mandible with 12 raker spines, lacinia mobilis large, strongly toothed; right mandible with 13 raker spines, lacinia mobilis small, strongly dentate. Upper lip asymmetrically lobate, anterior margin setose. Lower lip inner lobes fused, setose; outer lobes with moderate gape, anterior margins setose. Maxilla 1 palp 1–articulate, margins constricted and with 3 distal setae; outer plate with 7 distal robust setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate with 6 robust distal setae and several slender facial setae; outer plate with 4 robust distal setae and 5 slender distal setae. Maxilliped inner plates distal margin with a v-shaped indentation, with short robust setae; outer plate inner margin smooth, reaching 0.2 × palp article 1, with simple and setulate-serrate marginal setae, facial setae absent; palp article 4 subequal in length with article 3, distally acute.
Pereon. Coxae 1–4 relative widths 1.0: 1.0: 0.8: 1.4. Gnathopod 1 coxa smooth, with tiny marginal setae, anterodistal margin produced, subquadrate, distal margin straight, posterior margin excavate, 2 mediofacial setae present; basis proximally widened, anterior margin with 7 short setae, posterior margin with 6 short setae; ischium bare; carpus linear, distal length 13.1 × width, proximal margin smooth, distal margin bare; propodus straight, palm with square-shaped denticles with 6 large and 20 small proximal setae; dactylus smooth, with 2 distal setae, reaching 0.5 × propodus length. Gnathopod 2 coxa as long as broad, subequal in size with coxa 3, smooth, with tiny marginal setae, anterior margin expanded anteriorly, anterodistally rounded, distal and posterior margins rounded, facial setae absent; basis slightly posteriorly expanded, anterior margin with 7 short and 2 long curved setae, posterior margin with 1 posterodistal seta, distal margin with 2 setae; ischium with 3 short posterior, 2 long distal, and 5 short posterodistal setae; carpus 0.4 × propodus length, curved, distally truncate, anterior margin smooth; propodus with 1 mediofacial setal row displaced to midline, reaching 0.8 × propodus length, with 1 row of short and long submarginal setae, posterior margin smooth, palmar corner pronounced, palm convex with small tubercles; dactylus curved, proximal margin smooth with 2 setae, anterior margin distally acute, reaching 0.6 × propodus length. Pereopod 3 coxa length 1.4 × width, anterodistal corner overriding distal face of coxa 2 and extending below it, smooth, with tiny marginal setae, anterior margin expanded, distal margin slightly convex, posterior margin tapered, facial setae absent. Pereopod 4 coxa smooth, with tiny marginal setae, anterior margin produced, distal margin evenly rounded, posterior margin excavate, facial setae absent. Pereopod 5 coxa with 2 facial setae. Pereopods 6–7 coxae facial setae absent. Pereopods 5–7 bases width length ratios 1: 1.2, 1: 1.2, 1: 1.0, posterior margins smooth, setose.
Pleon. Epimera 1–2 with ventral setae, epimeron 3 bare; epimeron 3 posteroventral corner subquadrate. Uropods 1–3 relative lengths 1.0: 0.7: 1.0. Uropod 1 peduncle 0.8 × inner ramus length, outer ramus 0.9 × inner ramus length; inner ramus with 4 robust setae and outer ramus with 6 robust setae. Uropod 2 peduncle subequal in length with inner ramus, outer ramus 0.8 × inner ramus length; inner ramus with 5 robust setae and outer ramus with 3 robust setae. Uropod 3 peduncle 1.2 × inner ramus length, outer ramus 0.8 × inner ramus length; inner and outer rami lined with short marginal setae; inner ramus with 4 robust setae and outer ramus with 5 robust setae. Telson 2.3 × longer than wide, apex with strongly rounded point.
Female (sexually dimorphic characters).
Gnathopod 1 basis anterior margin with 16 short setae, posterior margin with 14 short setae; ischium with 3 short posterior setae. Gnathopod 2 basis anterior margin with 14 short and 2 long curved setae; ischium with 3 distal and 6 posterodistal setae; carpus slightly less truncate than in the male.
Etymology
After the Japanese word ‘nurunuru’, meaning ‘slimy’ and referring to the host sponge. (Pronounced new-rue-new-rue)
Ecology
In canals of Iotrochotidae (probably Iotrochota sp.), RUMF-ZP-7, KNWIriomote2G (Figure 25A).
Relationships
Leucothoe nurunuru sp. n.is similar to Leucothoe commensalis (Haswell, 1879), Leucothoe procera (Bate, 1857), Leucothoe makromattos White & Thomas, 2009, Leucothoe daisukei sp. n., and Leucothoe akaoni sp. n. in having a round anterior head margin and long gnathopod 1 dactylus. The pointed apex of the telson is similar to Leucothoe commensalis and Leucothoe procera, although the point is much stronger in Leucothoe nurunuru sp. n. Leucothoe nurunuru sp. n. differs from these two species in having maxilla 1 palp 1–articulate, margins constricted, wider pereopod 5–7 bases, and epimeron 3 posteroventral corner subquadrate. Leucothoe nurunuru sp. n. also shares wide pereopod 5–7 bases and a setose posterior margin of gnathopod 1 basis with Leucothoe makromattos, Leucothoe daisukei sp. n., and Leucothoe akaoni sp. n., but differs in having maxilla 1 palp 1–articulate, margins constricted and square-shaped denticles on gnathopod 1 propodus palm.
Remarks
Leucothoe nurunuru sp. n. is deep orange in color (Figure 23D). This species is endemic to Iriomote–jima Island.
Distribution
East China Sea: Iriomote–jima Island, Okinawa, Japan.
Original Description
- White, K; Reimer, J; 2012: Commensal Leucothoidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Part II: sponge-dwellers ZooKeys, 166: 1-58. doi
Images
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![Figure 25. Color plate of sponge hosts. A Iotrochotidae of Dendy, 1922 (probably Iotrochota of Ridley 1884[2]), RUMF-ZP-7 B Mycale of Gray, 1867, RUMF-ZP-8 C ?Jaspis of Gray, 1867 D orange encrusting sponge, Clathria of Schmidt, 1862, RUMF-ZP-5 E ?Clathria (Thalysias) reinwardti Vosmaer, 1880, RUMF-ZP-4 F Tedania of Gray, 1867 G Mycale (Zygomycale) parishii (Bowerbank, 1875), RUMF-ZP-9 H ?Mycale of Gray, 1867, RUMF-ZP-10 I Niphatidae of Van Soest, 1980 (probably Niphates of Duchassaing and Michelotti 1864[3]), RUMF-ZP-6 J grey/purple hard sponge, Clathria (Thalysias) of Duchassaing and Michelotti 1864[3] K orange flame sponge, Ciocalypta of Bowerbank 1862[4] L orange stubby sponge, Mycale sp. M purple brown soft sponge, ?Pericharax of Poléjaeff 1883[5].](/wiki/File:ZooKeys-166-001-g025.jpg)
Other References
- ↑ Dendy A (1922) Report on the Sigmatotetraxonida collected by H.M.S.‘Sealark’ in the Indian Ocean. In: Reports of the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905, Volume 7, Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (2), 18(1): 1–164.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ridley S (1884) Spongiida. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo–Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H.M.S. ‘Alert’, 1881–2. British Museum of Natural History, London, 366–482, 582–630.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Duchassaing De Fondbressin P, Michelotti G (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem 21 (2): 1-124.
- ↑ Bowerbank J (1862) On the anatomy and physiology of the Spongiadae. Part III On the generic characters, the specific characters, and on the method of examination. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 152 (2): 1087-1135.
- ↑ Poléjaeff N (1883) Report on the Calcarea dredged by H.M.S. ‘Challenger’, during the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. ‘Challenger’, 1873–1876. Zoology 8 (2): 1-76.
