Buthus ibericus

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Sousa P, Arnedo M, Harris D (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys (686) : 15–84, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2017-07-24, version 160791, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Buthus_ibericus&oldid=160791 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

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@article{Sousa2017ZooKeys,
author = {Sousa, Pedro AND Arnedo, Miquel A. AND Harris, D. James},
journal = {ZooKeys},
publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
title = {Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)},
year = {2017},
volume = {},
issue = {686},
pages = {15--84},
doi = {10.3897/zookeys.686.12206},
url = {https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=12206},
note = {Versioned wiki page: 2017-07-24, version 160791, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Buthus_ibericus&oldid=160791 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.}

}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)
A1 - Sousa P
A1 - Arnedo M
A1 - Harris D
Y1 - 2017
JF - ZooKeys
JA -
VL -
IS - 686
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
SP - 15
EP - 84
PB - Pensoft Publishers
M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2017-07-24, version 160791, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Buthus_ibericus&oldid=160791 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

M3 - doi:10.3897/zookeys.686.12206

Wikipedia/ Citizendium:

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| author = Sousa P, Arnedo M, Harris D
| title = Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)
| journal = ZooKeys
| year = 2017
| volume =
| issue = 686
| pages = 15--84
| pmid =
| publisher = Pensoft Publishers
| doi = 10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
| url = https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=12206
| pmc =
| accessdate = 2025-04-02

}} Versioned wiki page: 2017-07-24, version 160791, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Buthus_ibericus&oldid=160791 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.</ref>

See also the citation download page at the journal.


Taxonavigation

Ordo: Scorpiones
Familia: Buthidae
Genus: Buthus

Name

Buthus ibericus Lourenço & Vachon, 2004, nomen protectum – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

  • [[|]] = Buthus halius (C. L. Koch, 1839) (nomen oblitum) (comb. n., syn. n.). Holotype lost according to Fet and Lowe (2000)[1], Portugal.
  • Buthus ibericus Lourenço & Vachon, 2004: 88–91, fig. 31–42, Fernández 2004[2]: 222; Teruel and Pérez-Bote 2005[3]: 273–276, fig. 1; Armas and González-Moliné 2009[4]: 553–554; Fet 2010[5]: 4; Sousa et al. 2010[6]: 207; Rossi 2012[7]: 274–275, 277–278; Pedroso et al. 2013[8]: 300; Teruel and Melic 2015[9]: 6–9.
  • Androctonus halius C. L. Koch 1839a[10]: 69–70, pl.CLXIII, fig. 383; Gervais 1844a[11]: 43; C. L. Koch 1850[12]: 90; Simon 1879[13]: 96.
  • Buthus occitanus (MIS): Berejano and Pérez-Bote 2002[14]: 59.

Type material

1 M holotype (MNHN N° RS8605), San José del Valle (36.6247°, -5.6646°), Cádiz, Spain. Paratypes: 2 F (MNHN, N° RS8654), 1 M, 2 F (CRBA, N° CRBA-21826), and 2 F (MNCN N° 20.02/14857), all from the same locality.

Distribution

this species seems to have a wide distribution range in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula, although the limits of its distribution remain poorly defined.

Remarks

B. ibericus was first described from Spain and subsequently reported for Portugal (e.g. Sousa et al. 2010[6], Rossi 2012[7]). Simon (1879)[13] synonymized Androctonus halius with B. occitanus based on its type locality, which was wrongly stated to be Spain (page 98), because Simon considered B. occitanus (as B. europaeus) to be the only good species in Spain. Koch’s original description is not by itself enough to synonymize both species. However, Koch’s fig. 383 illustration of Androctonus halius includes a basal lobe in the movable finger (Fig. 13a and B), which is the key diagnostic character for B. ibericus (Lourenço and Vachon 2004[15], Rossi 2012[7]), together with its type locality (Portugal), supports this synonymy. Nonetheless, according to the I.C.Z.N. article 23.9, the junior synonym can remain valid to maintain taxonomic stability. To our knowledge the name B. halius has not been used since 1879 (article 23.9.1.1), and more than 25 works have been published in the past 12 years by more than 10 authors using the name B. ibericus (article 23.9.1.2). Not all works are cited here because they are neither taxonomic nor faunistic. As such we propose to maintain as valid the junior synonym B. ibericus (nomen protectum) according to prevailing usage (article 23.9.1), and to consider the senior synonym B. halius a nomen oblitum. Rossi, 2012 (page 278), for B. ibericus, states erroneously “Sexual dimorphism is not noticeable in the chela manus”, which is in contrast to the original descriptions of both Koch (1839) and Lourenço and Vachon (2004)[15] and to the complementary description in Teruel and Pérez-Bote (2005)[3]. In both works it can be observed that the male manus is more bulbous than the female’s, which results in the males having a smaller length to width ratio. The type locality of B. ibericus was precisely located following the indications of Iñigo Sánchez, the original collector.

Taxon Treatment

  • Sousa, P; Arnedo, M; Harris, D; 2017: Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae) ZooKeys, (686): 15-84. doi

Images

Figure 13. Reproduction of C. L. Koch’s 1839 B. halius figure 382 (plate CLXIII). Right pedipalp che-lae detail from three Buthus species published in the same work: A B. paris (as Androctonus clytoneus), fig. 384 (same plate) B B. halius with an arrow pinpointing the basal lobe C B. paris, fig. 352 (pl. CLI). All images were taken as provided by the pdf copy available in the BHL, which was made available by the Ernst Mayr Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.
Figure 13. Reproduction of C. L. Koch’s 1839 B. halius figure 382 (plate CLXIII). Right pedipalp che-lae detail from three Buthus species published in the same work: A B. paris (as Androctonus clytoneus), fig. 384 (same plate) B B. halius with an arrow pinpointing the basal lobe C B. paris, fig. 352 (pl. CLI). All images were taken as provided by the pdf copy available in the BHL, which was made available by the Ernst Mayr Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. 

Other References

  1. ↑ Fet V, Lowe G (2000) Genus Buthus Leach, 1815. In: Fet V Sissom W Lowe G Braunwalder M (Eds) Catalog of the Scorpions of the World (1758-1998). The New York Entomological Society, New York, 91–97.
  2. ↑ Fernández J (2004) Noticia de nuevos táxones para la ciencia en el ámbito Íbero-Balear y Macaronésico. Nuevos táxones animales descritos en la península Ibérica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (VIII). Graellsia 60: 217–243.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Teruel R, Pérez-Bote J (2005) Complementos a la descripción de Buthus ibericus Lourenço and Vachon 2004 (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 37: 273–275.
  4. ↑ Armas L, González-Moliné A (2009) Primer registro de Buthus ibericus Lourenço and Vachon, 2004 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) para la provincia de Huelva, España. Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 45: 553−555.
  5. ↑ Fet V (2010) Scorpions of Europe. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 62: 3–12.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sousa P, Froufe E, Alves P, Harris D (2010) Genetic diversity within scorpions of the genus Buthus from the Iberian Peninsula: mitochondrial DNA sequence data indicate additional distinct cryptic lineages. Journal of Arachnology 38: 206–211. https://doi.org/10.1636/H08-98.1
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Rossi A (2012) Notes on the distribution of the species of the genus Buthus (Leach, 1815) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in Europe, with a description of a new species from Spain. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 15: 273–279.
  8. ↑ Pedroso D, Sousa P, Harris D, van der Meijden A (2013) Phylogeography of Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones: Buthidae): a multigene molecular approach reveals a further complex evolutionary history in the Maghreb. African Invertebrates 48: 298–308. https://doi.org/10.3377/004.048.0216
  9. ↑ Teruel R, Melic A (2015) Orden Scorpiones. Revista IDE@ - SEA 18: 1–17.
  10. ↑ Koch C (1839a) Die Arachniden. Getreu nach der Natur abgebildet und beschrieben. 5. C.H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nürnberg, 158 pp. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110884.
  11. ↑ Gervais P (1844a) Ordre III. Scorpionides. II. Scorpions. In: Walckenaer C Gervais P (Eds) Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Aptères. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, 14–74.
  12. ↑ Koch C (1850) Skorpionen. Scorpiones. In: Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Fünftes Heft. Verlag von J. L. Lotzbeck, Nürnberg, 86–92. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/43744.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Simon E (1879) 3e Ordre. Scorpiones Thorell. In: Les Arachnides de France. VII. Les ordes des Chernetes, Scorpiones et Opiliones. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, 79–115.
  14. ↑ Berejano I, Pérez-Bote J (2002) Determinación de una presa atípica en la dieta de Buthus occitanius (Amoreaux, 1789) (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 5: 59–60.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Lourenço W, Vachon M (2004) Considérations sur le genre Buthus Leach, 1815 en Espagne, et description de deux nouvelles espèces (Scorpiones, Buthidae). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 9: 81–94.
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