Trichosiopsis subelegans

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Taxonavigation

Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Sciaridae
Genus: Trichosiopsis

Name

Trichosiopsis subelegans Mohrig & Mamaev, 1985 – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link

  • Trichosia (Leptosciarella) subelegans Mohrig & Mamaev, 1985[1]: 300, fig. 1

Type material

Holotype: ♂, in PWMP, leg. Spungis, 16.06.1981

Type locality

Latvia, Darzini

Material studied

Denmark: 1 ♂, Bornholm, Donedalen, alder forest, at waterfall, sweep netting, Heller, 30.07.2004, PKHH 4307; Finland: 1 ♂, LK, Parikkala, Lake Siikalahti: birch/alder swamp forest, sweep netting, Jaschhof, 24.06.2004, PKHH 6418; Germany: 1 ♂, Bavaria, Königsee, beech forest, Heller, 30.05.1999, PKHH 2797; 1 ♂, Schleswig-Holstein, Siggen, beech and oak forest, photoeclector, Tischler, 1.-15.06.1987, PKHH 561; Latvia: 1 ♂, Darzini, pine forest with Sphagnum and Vaccinium myrtillus, sweep netting, Spungis, 16.06.1981, PWMP 1604 (holotype); Sweden: 3 ♂, Uppland, Biskops-Arnö, northern beach, elm grove, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap Project, 20.6.-18.07.2005, PKHH 7377, 7379, 7380; 1 ♂, Ångermanland, Skuleskogen National Park, Langra: brook ravine in mixed forest, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap Project, 24.7.-12.09.2005, 13 ♂, 5.-25.07.2004, NHRS 3746-3752, 4491-4493; 13 ♂, Östergötland, Omberg, Boskogsreservatet Omberg: beech forest, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap Project, 28.5.-05.07.2005, NHRS 1487-1495, 1570-1573; 1 ♂, Storpissan: old Norway spruce wood, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap, NHRS 3569 [as Leptosciarella subpilosa[2]]; Switzerland: 1 ♂, Zurich, Sihlwald, photoeclector, Schiegg, 24.5.-19.06.1996, PKHH 2268.

Description (male)

Head. Eye bridge 5–6 rows of facets. Antenna unicolour. LW-index of 4th flagellomere 1.55–1.95; neck 0.2–0.3 × segment width; transition of basal part to neck pronounced. Colour of neck unicolour. Antennal setae shorter than segment width; of normal strength; dense; adjacent. Palpus darkened; of normal length; palpomeres 3. First palpomere of normal shape, or elongate; with 3–4 setae; with only sparse sensilla. Second palpomere short and oval. Third palpomere as long as first. Thorax. Colour brown, or bright brown. Notum unicolour. Thoracic setae long and strong; black. Posterior pronotum bare. Mesothoracic sclerites bare. Legs. Colour yellow. Hind coxa darkened. Setae on front coxa black. Front tibial organ as patch of setae; dark; front tibial organ not bordered. Tibial setae on hind legs normal, shorter than tibial width. Tibial spurs of equal length. Claws untoothed. Wing. Wing slightly darkened; of normal shape. Wing membrane without macrotrichia. Wing venation weak, with faint stM. M-fork of normal shape. R1 ending at or slightly before base of m-fork; posterior veins with macrotrichia; stM mostly with macrotrichia; CuA1 and CuA2 mostly with macrotrichia; bM bare; r-m mostly setose; bM:r-M 1.05–1.25; st-Cu:bM 0.18–0.28; R1:R 1.75–2.05; c:w 0.72–0.82. Halter darkened; of normal length. Abdomen. Abdominal setae strong; dense; on tergites black; on sternites black. Hypopygium concolour with abdomen; LW-index 0.57–0.67. Base of gonocoxites with lobelike structure; gonocoxites broadly separated; inner margin of gonocoxites narrowly U-shaped; inner membrane of hypopygium densely setose; ventral margin of gonocoxite with short setae. Gonostylus globular; LW-index 1.8–2.2; Inner margin concave; apex equally rounded, or with two obtuse angles. Apical tooth present; without internal structure; weak; LW-Index 1.5–2.1. Awl-like setae normal; present beneath apical tooth. Megasetae absent. Whiplash-hair absent. Tegmen 0.5–0.63 × longer than broad; rectangular with rounded edges; without special features; central process absent. Length of ejaculatory apodeme/hypopygium 24–32 %; base of ejaculatory apodeme present. Field with aedeagal teeth inconspicuous. Measurements. Body size 3–3.8 mm. Hind tibia 1.7–1.9 mm. Wing length 3.1–3.8 mm.

Diagnosis

This large species is characterized by a bifid lobe at the base of the gonocoxites. Both parts of the lobe are densely covered with strong setae and separated y a larger gap than in Trichosiopsis subpilosa, the most similar species. Tr. subelegans can also be distinguished by the presence of numerous strong hairs on the inner membrane of the hypopygium, shorter antenna and yellow legs.

DNA Barcoding

The COI sequence is assigned to BIN BOLD:ADE4450 (n=1, K2P: 9.63%).

Etymology

lat. sub- = under, beneath; lat. elegans = elegant. The name makes reference to the similarity with Trichosiopsis elegans.

Discussion

Tr. subelegans was described from Lithuania, but was later synonymized with Tr. subpilosa by Mohrig & Menzel[3] despite of the obvious morphological differences between both species. During more than 30 years the synonymy has not been disputed, because the “species” was so easy to recognize, that no careful identification was necessary. Only the presence of two very distinct barcodes directed the attention to the matter of two different species. Tr. subelegans is less common than Tr. subpilosa and has a more northern distribution. Literature references still need to be verified.

Distribution

Denmark, Finland, Germany[3][4][5][6], Italy[7], Latvia[1], Sweden, Switzerland.

Images

Figure 1. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, habitus, scale 1 mm
Figure 1. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, habitus, scale 1 mm 
Figure 2. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 2. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 3. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm
Figure 3. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 4. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, basal lobe of hypopgium, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 4. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, basal lobe of hypopgium, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 5. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 5. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 6. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, 4th antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 6. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, 4th antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 7. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, wing, scale 1 mm
Figure 7. Trichosiopsis subelegans male, wing, scale 1 mm 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mohrig, W.; Krivosheina, N.; Mamaev, B. 1985: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Trauermücken (Diptera, Sciaridae) der Sowjetunion - Teil VIII: Neue Arten aus europäischen Gebieten. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Ökologie und Geographie der Tiere, 112(3), 299–310.
  2. ↑ Heller, K.; Vilkamaa, P.; Hippa, H. 2009: An annotated check list of Swedish black fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae). Sahlbergia, 15(1), 23-51.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mohrig, W.; Menzel, F. 1997: Revision der paläarktischen Arten von Trichosia Winnertz sensu Tuomikoski, 1960 (Diptera, Sciaridae). – Teil II. Gattungen Leptosciarella Tuomikoski, 1960 und Trichodapus gen. nov. Studia dipterologica, 4(1), 41–98.
  4. ↑ Rudzinski, H.-G. 1994: Fundort Schöngeising - die Trauermücken mit einer Liste aller bisher in Bayern aktuell nachgewiesenen Arten (vorläufig als“ Zweiflügler aus Bayern IV”) (Diptera Nematocera, Sciaridae). Entomofauna, 15(25), 293–311. PDF
  5. ↑ Weber, D. 1995: Die Höhlenfauna und -flora des Höhlenkatastergebietes Rheinland-Pfalz/Saarland. 3. Teil. Abhandlungen zur Karst- und Höhlenkunde, 29, 1–322.
  6. ↑ Menzel, F.; Mohrig, W. 1993: Beiträge zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der paläarktischen Trauermücken (Diptera, Sciaridae). Teil III. - Die Sciaridae des Zoologischen Instituts der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg und des Staatlichen Museums für Tierkunde Dresden. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 43, 53-62.
  7. ↑ Röschmann, F.; Mohrig, W. 1993: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Trauermücken der Alpenländer. Teil II: erste Sciaridenfunde aus den Italienischen Meeralpen (Alpes Maritimus). (Diptera, Sciaridae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 80, 389-402. PDF
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