Siderasis fuscata (Pellegrini, Marco O. O. & Faden, Robert B. 2017)
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Ordo: Commelinales
Familia: Commelinaceae
Genus: Siderasis
Name
Siderasis fuscata (Lodd.) H. E. Moore, Baileya 4: 28. 1956. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Siderasis fuscata Pellegrini, Marco O. O., 2017, PhytoKeys 83: 18-21.
Description
Description. Herbs ca. 20-30 cm tall, terrestrial. Roots thin, fibrous, terminal tubers present. Rhizomes buried deep in the ground. Subterraneous stems with internodes elongate, brownish vinaceous to vinaceous with white spots, hirsute, hairs reddish brown. Aerial stems short to inconspicuous, unbranched; internodes weakly to moderately elongate, vinaceous with white spots, hirsute, hairs reddish brown; flagelliform-shoots (ramets) absent. Leaves spirally-alternate, forming a rosette at the apex of the aerial stems, petiolate; sheaths 1-1.5 cm long, hirsute, hairs dark red; petiole 2.7-9.6(-11.4) cm long, terete, canaliculate, C-shaped in cross section, succulent, green to dark green with dense vinaceous spots, spots sometimes covering almost all the petiole, hirsute, hairs red to dark red; blade (4.8-5.6-)7.8-21.1(-23.6) x (2-)3-9.6 cm, succulent, elliptic to obovate to broadly obovate, rarely lanceolate, base cuneate, margins green, flat, densely hirsute, apex acute to obtuse or rounded, slightly curved downwards, adaxially dark green, with a silver to light green, blotched silver to metallic light green along the midvein or not, abaxially light green, with dense vinaceous spots or not; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially prominent, obtuse, secondary veins 3-6 pairs, adaxially conspicuous, impressed, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescence composed of a solitary main florescence, or with (1-)2-6(-7) coflorescences. Main florescence (inflorescence) reduced to a solitary pedunculate cincinnus; basal bract 1.5-2.2 x 0.3-1 cm, triangular, cymbiform, dorsally keeled, light pink, hirsute, hairs rusty to dark red, hyaline at the base and margins, apex acuminate; inflorescence main axis inconspicuous; cincinni bract 0.8-2 x 0.2-0.9 cm, triangular, slightly cymbiform, amplexicaulous, pink to vinaceous, hirsute along the midvein, hairs red, base hyaline, margins light brown to golden, glabrous, hyaline, apex acuminate; cincinni 1-3(-4)-flowered, peduncle 1.3-7.4 cm long, light brown, hirsute, hairs red, reflexed in fruit, more rarely also spirally-coiled in fruit; bracteoles absent. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, 2-2.8 cm diameter, pedicellate; pedicel 1-5.6 mm long, light brown, hirsute, hairs red, reflexed and elongate in fruit; floral buds 0.8-1.2 x 0.4-0.6 cm, ovoid, light brown to light pink, apex acuminate; sepals 0.8-1.4 x 0.3-0.8 cm, ovate to triangular, membranous, externally light brown, hirsute, hairs red, internally pink to vinaceous, glabrous, margin hyaline, apex acuminate; petals 1.2-1.6 x 1.2-1.5 cm, rhomboid to broadly obtrullate, rarely orbicular, pale lilac to lilac, proximal third gradually white, base cuneate, margin en tire, sometimes irregularly lacerated, glabrous, apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes irregularly lacerated; stamens equal, filaments 3.5-6.3 mm long, straight, white, anthers 1.5-2.1 x 3-4.2 mm, anther sacs white, connectives quadrangular, white; ovary glo bose, 2.9-3.7 x 2.3-3.2 mm, white, densely hirsute, hairs white at base, gradually becoming rusty, then dark red terminally, style 3.1-4.4 mm long, straight, white; stigma annular-truncate, white, papillate. Capsules ellipsoid to fusiform in outline, 1.1-1.6 x 0.5-0.8 cm, smooth, light greenish brown with minute purple spots near the base and 3 longitudinal atro-vinaceous stripes along the septa, when mature light brown with 3 longitudinal black stripes along the septa, hirsute, hairs red. Seeds obconic to ellipsoid, dorsoventrally compressed, ventrally slightly ridged, 2.9-4.4 x 2.9-3.6 mm, grey to light grey, testa foveolate, ventral face slightly cleft on the side towards the embryotega; hilum longer than 1/2 the length of the seed; embryotega semilateral; aril hyaline, inconspicuous.
Materials Examined
Specimens examined. BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Niteroi, Itaipu, P.E. Serra da Tiririca, Alto Mourao, fl., 15 Jan 1982, V.F. Ferreira et al. 2104 (RB); divisa entre os municipios de Niteroi e Marica, entre Itacoatiara e Itaipuacu, Alto Mourao, fl., 11 Sep 2007, A.A.M. Barros & M. Pontes 3127 (RFFP). Rio de Janeiro, s.loc., fl., s.dat., Mr. Boag s.n. (K barcode K001190685); s.loc., fl., s.dat., Mrs. Graham s.n. (K barcode K001190684); s.loc., fl., 1816-1821, A. Saint-Hilaire A/683 (P); s.loc., fl., fr., 1832, Riedel s.n. (P barcodes P01730357, P01730358); Corcovado, fl., fr., 1831-1833, C. Gaudichaud 337 (P 3 ex); fl., Jul 1837, G. Gardner 847 (K barcode K001190683); Cova da Onca, fl., 15 Aug 1861, A.M. Glaziou 527 (NY, P); fl., 17 Aug 1869, A.M. Glaziou 4285 (P 2 ex); fl., Jul 1878, J. Miers 3534 (K, P); fl., fr., 5 Dec 1889, P. Schwacke 6699 (RB); fl., 5 May 1892, A. Ducke s.n. (RB 64); Tijuca, rio Trapicheiros (Fabrica da Cheetos), fl., Nov 1925, J.S. Kuhlmann s.n. (RB 19282, U barcode U1210766); fl., fr., 4 Mar 1943, A.P. Duarte & C.T. Rizzini 8 (RB); fl., 6 Nov 1944, P. Occhioni 50 (RB); Parque Natural da Tijuca, Matas do Pai Ricardo, fl., 29 Oct 1975, D.S. Araujo et al. 883 (GUA); fl., 30 Oct 2013, M.O.O. Pellegrini 404 (RB); fl., 15 Nov 2013, L.S.B. Calazans & R.T. Valadares 234 (RB); road to Vista Chinesa, next to the Biological Station, fl., 18 Aug 1960, C. Angeli 230 (GUA); Setor das Paineiras, next to Pedra do Beijo, fl., 15 Nov 1965, J.P.P. Carauta 286 (GUA); road to Vista Chinesa, fl., fr., 31 Oct 1969, J.P.P. Carauta 923 (GUA); Santa Cruz, fl., 6 Jul 1972, E. Lagasa s.n. (HB 71875); Pedra da Gavea, fl., 13 Jul 1966, D. Sucre 1304c (HB, RB); Alto da Boa Vista, Morro Queimado, next to the FEEMA building, fl., 26 Oct 2000, F. Pinheiro et al. 557 (HB); Estrada da Guanabara, Parque Lage, 25 Jan 1968, fl., D. Sucre 2161 (RB); Reserva Florestal do Jardim Botanico, fl., 19 Jan 1969, D. Sucre & P.J.J. Braga 4472 (RB); fl., 22 Dec 1971, D. Sucre 8152 (RB); Matas da Lagoinha, fl., 18 September 1946, P. Occhioni 692 (RB); fl., 6 Mar 1978, V.F. Ferreira et al. 256 (RB); fl., 11 Nov 1946, P. Occhioni 781 (RFA); brook trail between Paineiras and Jardim Botanico, fl., 4 Dec 1928, L.B. Smith s.n. (US barcode US1540545).
Materials Examined
Specimens examined (cultivated). ENGLAND. Greater London: London, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, cultivated at the Nepenthes House, Kew, fl., 1908, s. leg. s.n. (K); fl., fr., Jun 1879, N.L. Brown s.n. (K); fl., 1967, Mason 458/61 (K); fl., 9 Jul 1974, Jodrell Laboratory s.n. (K 458-61-45801).
Etymology
Etymology. The epithet "fuscata" means dark-colored, in allusion to the red to bright red hairs that cover almost the entire plant, in opposition to the normally hyaline hairs in most Commelinaceae.
Distribution
Distribution and habitat. Siderasis fuscata is endemic to the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro (with several localities inside Floresta da Tijuca) and Niteroi (with just one locality, Alto Mourao), in the Rio de Janeiro state (Fig. 2). It occurs in the vegetation on hillsides (mata de encosta) near the littoral, in shady areas with shallow and rocky soil.
Taxon Treatment
- Pellegrini, Marco O. O.; Faden, Robert B.; 2017: Recircumscription and taxonomic revision of Siderasis, with comments on the systematics of subtribe Dichorisandrinae (Commelinaceae), PhytoKeys 83: 18-21. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
