Siderasis (Pellegrini, Marco O. O. & Faden, Robert B. 2017)
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Ordo: Commelinales
Familia: Commelinaceae
Name
Siderasis Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 67. 1837, emend. M. Pell. & Faden – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Siderasis Pellegrini, Marco O. O., 2017, PhytoKeys 83: 5-13.
Description
Description. Herbs or vines, perennial, with a definite base, terrestrial or rupicolous. Roots thin, fibrous, sometimes forming terminal, small, fusiform to oblongoid tubers. Rhizomes present or not, if present short, shallowly to deeply buried in the ground, rarely only covered by leaf litter. Subterraneous stems present or not, when present buried deep in the soil, unbranched, produced directly from the short rhizome; internodes moderately elongate to elongate. Aerial stems with determinate or indeterminate growth, elongated or short to inconspicuous, densely branched or unbranched, when densely branched primary shoot determinate or not, when present secondary shoots determinate; internodes inconspicuous to weakly elongate, or elongate; flagelliform-shoots (ramets) present or not, if present produced after the fertile period, forming a new rosette at the apex, axillary, unbranched, internodes elongate. Leaves spirally-alternate or distichously-alternate, congested at the apex of the stems forming a rosette or evenly distributed along the secondary branches, sessile to subpetiolate or petiolate, sheathing at the base, ptyxis involute; blades membranous to chartaceous or succulent, base symmetric or slightly to completely asymmetric, margins slightly revolute to flat, apex curved or straight. Synflorescence composed of a solitary main florescence or with 1-7 coflorescences. Main florescence (inflorescence) a thyrse, terminal or apparently so, rarely axillary, a many-branched, pedunculate thyrse, with alternate cincinni or reduced to a solitary pedunculate cincinnus; basal bract sessile or amplexicaulous or sheathing; cincinni bracts sessile or amplexicaulous; cincinni pedunculate, 1-many-flowered; bracteoles present or not. Flowers bisexual or staminate, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, chasmogamous, flat, pedicellate or sessile; pedicels erect during pre-anthesis and anthesis, erect or deflexed post-anthesis, generally elongating in fruit; sepals 3, unequal, free, membranous or fleshy, persistent and accrescent in fruit, the uppermost external, broader than the others, sometimes also shorter than the others; petals 3, deliquescent, free, margins entire to irregularly lacerated, glabrous, rarely ciliated with non-moniliform hairs, apex entire to irregularly lacerated, subequal, the lowermost either broader or longer than the others; stamens 6, equal or unequal, straight or curved upwards, filaments free, glabrous, straight or sigmoid, anthers dorsifixed, extrorsely rimose, anther sacs semicircular, divergent, pollen white, connectives expanded, quadrangular to rectangular; ovary sessile, globose to broadly oblongoid to ellipsoid in outline, trigonous with obtuse to round angles in cross-section, densely hirsute or lanate or velutine, 3-locular, locules equal, 3-6-ovulate, ovules hemianatropous, biseriate to partially uniseriate; style terminal, straight or curved upwards; stigma annular-truncate or annular-capitate, marginally papillate leaving the stylar canal evident, papillae unicellular. Capsules loculicidal, thick-walled, 3-valved, globose or subglobose to broadly ellipsoid to broadly oblongoid to oblongoid in outline, trigonous with obtuse to round angles in cross-section, smooth to sparsely reticulate, apiculate due to persistent style base. Seeds (1-)3-6 per locule, arillate, obconic to ellipsoid, dorsiventrally compressed, ventrally slightly flattened or with a mild ridge, testa foveolate or rugose; hilum C-shaped, in a shallow depression; embryotega semidorsal or semilateral, relatively inconspicuous, without a prominent apicule; aril cream-colored to hyaline, slightly to completely translucent, thick or inconspicuous.
Etymology
Etymology. Siderasis was named in allusion to the peculiar red to bright-red hairs that cover almost the entire plant, but especially the leaves. However, only S. fuscata possesses the aforementioned hairs, and all of the remaining species possess leaf blades covered by hyaline to light brown, rarely rusty hairs.
Taxon Treatment
- Pellegrini, Marco O. O.; Faden, Robert B.; 2017: Recircumscription and taxonomic revision of Siderasis, with comments on the systematics of subtribe Dichorisandrinae (Commelinaceae), PhytoKeys 83: 5-13. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
