Gnathoncus communis\according to Lackner et al 2017
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Ordo: Coleoptera
Familia: Histeridae
Genus: Gnathoncus
Name
Gnathoncus communis (Marseul, 1862) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Saprinus communis Marseul, 1862: 501.
Type locality
USA: New York.
Type material examined
Saprinus communis Marseul, 1862: Lectotype, present designation: most likely a ♀, pinned, left protarsus, right mesotarsus and both metatarsi missing, with the following labels: “Gnathoncus / communis m / Albany / illegible” (green round label, written); followed by: “2937” (written); followed by: “Horn / 19 man / 73” (written); followed by: “1 communis / Et. univ. illegible” (written); followed by: “MUSEUM PARIS / COLL. / DE MARSEUL 1890” (green label, printed); followed by: “TYPE” (red-printed label); followed by: “Saprinus communis / Marseul, 1862 / LECTOTYPE 2014 / des. T. Lackner” (red label, written) (MNHN). This species was described from unknown number of specimens and the lectotype designation fixes the identity of species.
Additional material examined
NEW ZEALAND. North Island. AK: 2 ♂♂ & 1 ♀, Lynfield, 19.vi.1976, G. Kuschel (hen house) (NZAC); 1 spec., ditto, but 14.xii.1980 (chicken yard) (NZAC); 2 specs., Ranui, Henderson, 29.xi.1955, K.A.J. Wise (ex debris in poultry feed shed) (NZAC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ & 1 spec., Tropicana Dr., 19.vi.1976, G. Kuschel (hen house) (NZAC); 1 spec., ditto, but 14.viii.1976 (NZAC); 7 ♂♂ & 3 ♀♀, Mahinerang, 26.i.1977, J. Painter (Sturnus vulgaris nest) (NZAC); 3 ♂♂ & 3 ♀♀, Kumeu, 21.vi.1975, J.C.Watt (ex fowl manure) (NZAC). BP: 1 ♂, Tauranga, 13.xi.1976, R.J. Ball (on plant) (NZAC). HB: 2 specs., Longlands, ii.1976, J.A. McKeenan (ex starling nest) (NZAC); 1 spec., Havelock North, 14.xi.1977, collector unknown (on large Pinus sp., ex nest of Sturnus vulgaris) (NZAC); 2 ♂♂ & 3 ♀♀, Graeme Friis’ Farm, Twyford, 2.xi.1976, B.A. Holloway (poultry manure) (NZAC).
Biology
In New Zealand found mostly in bird’s nests, chicken coops, less commonly on bird carrion.
Distribution
Described from New York (USA), where it was probably introduced and widespread across North America. This species is normally spread in Europe, North Africa, Russian Far East, Japan and has been introduced into Australia (Mazur 2011[1]). Mazur (1990[2]:744) reports this species as introduced into Australia (ACT: Canberra). The specimen Mazur examined should be housed in ANIC. However, we were unable to examine it or any other specimens of G. communis from Australia. From New Zealand reported already by Kuschel (1990)[3].
Remarks
G. communis can be confused with G. rotundatus, but can easily be separated from it by the absence of median fossa of prosternum (present with G. rotundatus), dense and confluent elytral punctation (especially in the apical half of the elytra) and different male genitalia. Most important diagnostic characters to separate the two Gnathoncus species present in the region are outlined in the identification key. We chose not to fully re-describe Gnathoncus communis here, leaving its re-description to the revision of the genus Gnathoncus. For the sake of the better species recognition, as well as for the easier separation from the related G. rotundatus, we decided to depict it here, including its male terminalia.
Taxon Treatment
- Lackner, T; Leschen, R; 2017: A monograph of the Australopacific Saprininae (Coleoptera, Histeridae) ZooKeys, (689): 1-263. doi
Images
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![Figures 81–89. 81 Gnathoncus communis (Marseul, 1862) male terminalia after Ôhara (1994)[4]: 8th sternite, ventral view 82 male terminalia: 8th sternite + 8th tergite, dorsal view 83 ditto, lateral view 84 male terminalia: apex of aedeagus, dorsal view 85 male terminalia: aedeagus, dorsal view 86 ditto, lateral view 87 male terminalia: 9th + 10th tergites, dorsal view 88 ditto, lateral view 89 male terminalia: spiculum gastrale, ventral view.](/wiki/File:Zookeys-689-001-g015.jpg)
Other References
- ↑ Mazur S (2011) A concise catalogue of the Histeridae (Coleoptera). Warsaw University of Life Sciences, SGGW Press, Warsaw 332 pp.
- ↑ Mazur S (1990) Notes on Oriental and Australian Histeridae (Coleoptera). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 54: 734–759.
- ↑ Kuschel G (1990) Beetles in suburban environment, a New Zealand case study. The identity and status of Coleoptera in the natural and modified habitats of Lynfield, Auckland (1974–1989). DSIR Plant Protection Report, DSIR Plant Protection publishing, 118 pp.
- ↑ Ôhara M (1994) A revision of the superfamily Histeroidea of Japan (Coleoptera). Insecta Matsumurana (N. S. ) 51: 1–238.
