Eriachaenium
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Ordo: Asterales
Familia: Asteraceae
Name
Eriachaenium Sch. Bip. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Eriachaenium Sch. Bip. Flora 38: 120. 1855. TYPE: Eriachaenium magellanicum Sch. Bip.
Etymology
From the Greek erion, wool, and the Latin achaenium, a type of fruit, describing the villose fruits.
Description
Herbs perennial, dwarf, with stout, oblique to vertical rhizomes that are compressed laterally, stems prostrate to ascending. Leaves alternate; sessile, clasping; blades oblanceolate, pinnately veined, margin entire to undulate-dentate, glabrous to subglabrous above, tomentose beneath. Inflorescence monocephalous, axillar; heads pedunculate, heterogamous, disciform; receptacle epaleate; involucre uniseriate. Florets dimorphic; marginal florets female with staminodes, corolla tubular-funnelform, deeply 4-lobed; central florets bisexual or male with a rudimentary ovary, corolla tubular-funnelform, deeply 5-lobed; anther apical appendages rounded to acute, basally constricted and demarcated from the thecae, anthers dark, basally auriculate with tails very short, smooth to slightly papillose; style bilobed, dorsally papillose. Achenes truncate at the apex, densely pubescent, dimorphic, the marginal achenes conspicuously bigger than the central ones; pappus absent. [modified from Katinas et al. 2008[1]]
Pollen spheroidal to prolate, spheroidal or elliptic in equatorial view, circular in polar view, medium size, P × E = (30–36 × 24–30) µm. Tricolporate, colpi long with thin margin and microgranulate membrane, mesoaperture diffuse. Exine Mutisia type, microechinate, 2–6 µm thick, slightly slender at the poles. Ratio ectosexine/endosexine: 1:1.5; 1:2. Nexine 1.5 µm thick. SEM: tectum punctate.
Habitat and distribution. Genus with only one species, Eriachaenium magellanicum Sch. Bip., endemic to Patagonia in Argentina and Chile (Fig. 3). It grows in mud, sand, and pebbles either along the margins of inland somewhat saline lakes or near the coast in estuaries (Morore 1983[2] and field observations).
Species list
Eriachaenium magellanicum Sch. Bip., Flora 38: 121. 1855.
Taxon Treatment
- Funk, V; Pasini, E; Bonifacino, J; Katinas, L; 2016: Home at last: the enigmatic genera Eriachaenium and Adenocaulon (Compositae, Mutisioideae, Mutisieae, Adenocaulinae) PhytoKeys, (60): 1-19. doi
Images
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![Figure 2. Eriachaenium magellanicum (from Katinas 2000[3]). A habit B head C involucral bract D marginal floret E marginal floret opened showing the staminodes F central floret G marginal achene H central achene I upper part of style J stamen K cypsela hair flagellate, filiform. (Eriachaenium magellanicum: A Birabén and Birabén 242 LP; B–F, I–K Sleumer 908 LP; G–H LP s.n. ex LPS 13745)](/wiki/File:Phytokeys-60-e6795-g002.jpg)
Other References
- ↑ Katinas L, Pruski J, Sancho G, TellerÍa M (2008) The subfamily Mutisioideae (Asteraceae). Botanical Review 74: 469–716. doi: 10.1007/s12229-008-9016-6
- ↑ Moore D (1983) Flora of Tierra del Fuego. Anthony Nelson, Shropshire, England.
- ↑ Katinas L (2000) Implications of morphological phylogenetics for the placement of the genera Adenocaulon and Eriachaenium (Asteraceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 223: 229–250. doi: 10.1007/BF00985282
