Chrysis comparata
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Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Chrysididae
Genus: Chrysis
Name
Chrysis comparata Lepeletier, 1806 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Chrysis comparata: Lepeletier 1806[1]: 127.
Type locality
France "Meudon".
Material
Syntypes 2♂♂. Chrysis comparata, Lepell. / D. De St. Fargeau, Paris.
Neotype (here designated) ♀. Sicile et Toscane / Lectotype ♀ Chrysis distinguenda Dhlb. P. Rosa des. 2012 / Neotypus Chrysis comparata Lepeletier des. P. Rosa 2013.
Catalogue Casolari & Casolari Moreno. Chrysis comparata, 148, 185, 53, 3 (box 51).
Remarks
In the Spinola collection, there are two identical specimens of Chrysis comparata according to their general habitus, preparation and state of conservation. The type is likely housed in the Spinola collection, given that both Dahlbom (1854[2]: 284) and Abeille (1879[3]: 69) examined it there. Kimsey and Bohart (1991[4]: 399) listed syntype males and they assumed to be housed in MNHN. However, they refer to some specimens cited by du Buysson (1898[5]: 166) not included to the type series. In any case, the type of Chrysis comparata is not housed in MNHN (du Buysson 1899[6]) and was not found during our research.
It is evident that Lepeletier’s description and drawing (Tav.1, fig.12) of Chrysis comparata does not match the current interpretation of the species. It rather perfectly matches the description of the male of Chrysis pyrophana Dahlbom, 1854. No other European species, in comparison, has such small body length, colour of head, mesosoma and the anterior part of T-I green-blue combined with the anal margin with four blunt and weakly developed teeth. The interpretation of Chrysis comparata (= male of Chrysis pyrophana) was clear to Dahlbom (1854)[2], Mocsáry (1889[7]: 431) and Dalla Torre (1892[8]: 52). Dahlbom (1854[2]: 284) described the female under the name of Chrysis pyrophana Dahlbom, 1854, because of the remarkable sexual dimorphism.
Dahlbom (1854[2]: 282) described Chrysis comparata in the modern sense under the name Chrysis distinguenda Dahlbom (nec Spinola, 1838). Mocsáry (1879[9]: 10) recognized the homonymy with Spinola’s Chrysis distinguenda and replaced the name Chrysis distinguenda Dahlbom with the name Chrysis chevrieri Mocsáry (nec Abeille, 1877). This name remained in use for a long time in European collections.
The first wrong interpretation of this taxon dates back to Abeille (1879)[3]. His incorrect interpretation was already recognized by Mocsáry (1887[10]: 14; 1889[7]: 479), who included Chrysis comparata sensu Abeille in the synonymic list of Chrysis chevrieri Mocsáry, 1879. Please note that Abeille (1879)[3] additionally independently described the male of Chrysis pyrophana Dahlbom, 1854 under the name Chrysis insoluta.
Mocsáry (1889[7]: 431) correctly recognized the synonymy Chrysis insoluta Abeille = Chrysis comparata Lepeletier. Later, Bischoff (1913[11]: 49) interpreted the name comparata Lepeletier as referring to females of Chrysis distinguenda Dahlbom and Chrysis chevrieri Mocsáry as well as the male of pyrophana (= insoluta Abeille).
The current (mis-) interpretation of the species Chrysis comparata was anchored in the taxonomic literature by Trautmann (1927[12]: 154). His Chrysis comparata is a large and robust species, with the entire metasoma golden, without the typical green-blue. Berland and Bernard (1938[13]: 113) followed this interpretation, and so did Linsenmaier (1959[14]: 148).
According to the Principle of Priority, Chrysis pyrophana Dahlbom, 1854 should be named Chrysis comparata Lepeletier, 1806 and the species currently identified as Chrysis comparata Lepeletier should be named Chrysis miegii Guérin, 1842, the first available name for this species. However, this change would compromise the nomenclatural stability, since the name Chrysis comparata was recognized as a valid name for one of the most common European species by nearly all the authors in the last fifty years.
As already observed by Abeille (1879)[3], the Spinola collection houses the type of Chrysis distinguenda Dahlbom. This name was considered as a synonym of Chrysis comparata sensu auctorum. To preserve the stability of nomenclature, we designate the neotype of Chrysis comparata Lepeletier (Plate 8) based on a syntype ♀ of Chrysis distinguenda Dahlbom (labels: Sicile et Toscane / Lectotype ♀ Chrysis distinguenda Dhlb. P. Rosa des. 2012 / Neotypus Chrysis comparata Lepeletier des. P. Rosa 2013), in accordance with Art. 75.6 of the Code: Conservation of prevailing usage by a neotype. The Article states that when an author discovers that the existing name-bearing type of a nominal species-group taxon is not in taxonomic accord with the prevailing usage of names and stability or universality is threatened thereby, he should maintain prevailing usage [Art. 82] and request the Commission to set aside under its plenary power [Art. 81] the existing name-bearing type and designate a neotype. It belongs to the comparata-scutellaris group.
Current status
Chrysis comparata Lepeletier, 1806.
Taxon Treatment
- Rosa, P; Xu, Z; 2015: Annotated type catalogue of the Chrysididae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) deposited in the collection of Maximilian Spinola (1780–1857), Turin ZooKeys, (471): 1-96. doi
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Other References
- ↑ Lepeletier A (1806) Mémoire sur quelques espèces nouvelles d’insectes de la section des Hyménoptères appelés les Portetuyaux, et sur les caractères de cette famille et des genres qui la composent. Annales du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle 7: 115–129.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Dahlbom A (1854) Hymenoptera Europaea praecipue Borealia, formis typicis nonnullis, specierum generumve exoticorum propter nexum systematicum associatis, per familias, genera, species et varietates disposita atque descripta ab Adrea Gustavo Dahlbom. Chrysis in sensu Linneano. Vol. II, F. Nicolai, Berlin, 412 pp.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Abeille de Perrin E (1879) Synopsis critique et synonymique des Chrysides de France. Annales de la Société linnéene de Lyon 26: 1–108.
- ↑ Kimsey L, Bohart R (1991) The Chrysidid Wasps of the World. University Press, New York, 652 pp.
- ↑ Buysson R (1898) Étude des Chrysidides du Muséum de Paris. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 66(4): 518–580.
- ↑ Buysson R (1899) Catalogue des Insectes Hyménoptères de la famille des Chrysidides du Muséum de Paris. Bulletin du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle 5(4): 159–169.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Mocsáry A (1889) Monographia Chrysididarum Orbis Terrarum Universi. Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, 643 pp.
- ↑ Dalla Torre C (1892) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Chrysididae (Tubulifera). Tip. G. Engelmann, Lipsiae, 118 pp.
- ↑ Mocsáry A (1879) Data characteristica ad faunam Hymenopterologicam regionis Budapestinensis. In: Topographia medicina et physica regionis Budapestinensis. Budapest, 1879.
- ↑ Mocsáry A (1887) Studia Synonymica. Természetrajzi Füzetek 11(1): 12–20.
- ↑ Bischoff H (1913) Hymenoptera. Fam. Chrysididae. Genera Insectorum. Wytsman, Bruxelles fasc. 151, 86 pp.
- ↑ Trautmann W (1927) Die Goldwespen Europas. Uschman, Weimar, 194 pp.
- ↑ Berland L, Bernard F (1838) Hyménoptères vespiformes. III. (Cleptidae, Chrysidae, Trigonalidae). Faune de France – volume 34. Office Central de Faunistique, Fédération Française des Société des Sciences Naturelles. Le Chevalier, Paris, 145 pp.
- ↑ Linsenmaier W (1959) Revision der Familie Chrysididae (Hymenoptera) mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der europäischen Spezies. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 32: 1–232.
