Aresconini
| Notice: | This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions.
If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale):
Citation formats to copy and paste
BibTeX: @article{Huber2017JournalofHymenopteraResearch, RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Huber2017Journal of Hymenoptera Research">{{Citation See also the citation download page at the journal. |
Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Mymaridae
Name
Huber, 2017 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Notes
Viggiani (1988)[1] proposed Aresconini for Arescon Walker and defined the tribe on the characteristic male genitalia, i.e., encapsulated, with relatively long, narrow parameres but apparently no digiti. Based on mainly extant genera and species, Aresconini is defined by the following features: mandible with 4 teeth; pronotum entire; venation long but postmarginal vein usually short; funicle in females 4-, 5- or 8-segmented; clava entire or 2-segmented; male genitalia usually with long parallel-sided parameres. I classify members of the extant genera Kikiki Huber and Beardsley (Huber and Beardsley 2000[2]), Tinkerbella Huber & Noyes (Huber & Noyes 2013), Proarescon (this paper), and the extinct genus Myanmymar (Poinar and Huber 2011[3]) in the tribe based on similarities in head features, fore wing shape or venation, and male genitalia where known.
Arescon is almost worldwide (Triapitsyn 2016[4]) whereas Proarescon is only in southeastern Asia. Lin et al. (2007)[5] and Huber (2009) had first classified Kikiki in the Alaptus group of genera then, with Tinkerbella described as a separate genus (Huber and Noyes 2013[6]), in the Anagrus group of genera. In both cases, similarities in various features were used to justify their placement. Now, however, I believe these two genera are best classified in Aresconini. The male genitalia of Kikiki have fairly long and thick parameres (Huber and Noyes 2013[6], fig. 35), the vertex has a distinct stemmaticum (Huber and Noyes 2013[6], figs 12, 41), the fore wing has a long venation, and the mandible has 4 teeth, all features that occur also in Arescon and Proarescon. Kikiki may be almost worldwide (Australia, India, northern South America, Hawaiian Islands) and Tinkerbella is so far known only from Costa Rica (Huber and Noyes 2013[6]). Enneagmus may fit in Aresconini better than in Triadomerini because of its apparently short venation, and 4-segmented funicle and 3-segmented tarsi as in Kikiki. The 3-segmented clava may simply be an ancestral feature, reduced to two segments in Kikiki and Tinkerbella. However, the short venation, apparently much less than half the wing length is unlike the other genera in Aresconini. Thus, six genera are here classified in Aresconini: Arescon, Enneagmus, Kikiki, Myanmymar, Proarescon, and Tinkerbella. If Minutoma Kaddumi (Kaddumi 2005[7]) is indeed a mymarid, it may also belong here; its small body length is comparable to that of Tinkerbella.
Key to extant genera of Aresconini and Triadomerini. Females
See Poinar and Huber (2011)[3] for key to the extinct Cretaceous genera.
Taxon Treatment
- Huber, J; 2017: Eustochomorpha Girault, Neotriadomerus gen. n., and Proarescon gen. n. (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), early extant lineages in evolution of the family Journal of Hymenoptera Research, (57): 1-87. doi
Images
|
Other References
- ↑ Viggiani G (1988) A preliminary classification of the Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) based on the external male genitalic characters. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria "Filippo Silvestri" 45: 141–148.
- ↑ Huber J, Beardsley J (2000) A new genus of fairyfly, Kikiki, from the Hawaiian Islands (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society 34: 65–70.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Poinar G, Huber J (2011) A new genus of fossil Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) from Cretaceous amber and key to Cretaceous mymarid genera. ZooKeys 130: 461–472. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.130.1241
- ↑ Triapitsyn S (2016) Review of the Oriental species of the genus Arescon Walker, 1846 (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Euroasian Entomological Journal 15(Supplement 1): 137–151.
- ↑ Lin N, Huber J, LaSalle J (2007) The Australian genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Zootaxa 1596: 1–111.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Huber J, Noyes J (2013) A new genus and species of fairyfly, Tinkerbella nana (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with comments on its sister genus Kikiki, and discussion on small size limits in arthropods. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 32: 17–44. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.32.4663
- ↑ Kaddumi H (2005) Amber of Jordan. The oldest prehistoric insects in fossilized resin. 2nd edition. Eternal Rivers Museum of Natural History, Amman, Jordan, 168 pp. [privately printed]
- ↑ Huber J (2002) The basal lineages of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera) and description of a new genus, Borneomymar. In: Melika G Thuróczy C (Eds) Parasitic wasps. Evolution, systematics, biodiversity and biological control. Agroinform, Kiadó & Nyomba Kft., Budapest, 44–53.
