Austrarchaea

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This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions. If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale): Rix M, Harvey M (2012) Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland. ZooKeys 218 : 1–50, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-30, version 27037, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Austrarchaea&oldid=27037 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers. Citation formats to copy and paste BibTeX: @article{Rix2012ZooKeys218, author = {Rix, Michael G. AND Harvey, Mark S.}, journal = {ZooKeys}, publisher = {Pensoft Publishers}, title = {Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland}, year = {2012}, volume = {218}, issue = {}, pages = {1--50}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.218.3662}, url = {http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3662/abstract}, note = {Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-30, version 27037, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Austrarchaea&oldid=27037 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.} } RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR T1 - Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland A1 - Rix M A1 - Harvey M Y1 - 2012 JF - ZooKeys JA - VL - 218 IS - UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.218.3662 SP - 1 EP - 50 PB - Pensoft Publishers M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-30, version 27037, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Austrarchaea&oldid=27037 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers. M3 - doi:10.3897/zookeys.218.3662 Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Rix2012ZooKeys218">{{Citation | author = Rix M, Harvey M | title = Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland | journal = ZooKeys | year = 2012 | volume = 218 | issue = | pages = 1--50 | pmid = | publisher = Pensoft Publishers | doi = 10.3897/zookeys.218.3662 | url = http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3662/abstract | pmc = | accessdate = 2024-12-23 }} Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-30, version 27037, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Austrarchaea&oldid=27037 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.</ref> See also the citation download page at the journal.

Taxonavigation

Ordo: Araneae
Familia: Archaeidae

Name

Austrarchaea Forster & Platnick, 1984 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

• Austrarchaea Forster & Platnick, 1984: 21; Rix and Harvey 2011: 14.

Type species

Archaea nodosa Forster, 1956, by original designation.
Diagnosis. Species of Austrarchaea can be distinguished from all southern Australian species of Zephyrarchaea by the significantly taller carapace (CH/CL ratio ≥ 2.0), by the presence of accessory setae on the distal bulge of the male cheliceral paturon, and by the fusion of the two conductor sclerites on the male pedipalp (Rix and Harvey 2012a, fig. 4). Australian Archaeidae are further distinguished from Old World taxa by the presence of numerous, clustered spermathecae in females (Fig. 7G), and by the presence of a long, wiry embolus on the pedipalp of males (Fig. 4).

Description

For a full generic description see Rix and Harvey (2011). For notes on genitalia and morphological differences among lineages of Austrarchaea, see Remarks (below).

Distribution

Species of Austrarchaea occur in mesic habitats throughout eastern Queensland and New South Wales (Fig. 3), usually in montane rainforests (Figs 1E-F), but also in lowland rainforests or wet eucalypt forests on or adjacent to the Great Dividing Range (Rix and Harvey 2011). In north-eastern Queensland, archaeids occur throughout the Wet Tropics bioregion, from the Mount Finnigan Uplands (near Cooktown) south to Mount Elliot (near Townsville) (Figs 16–23, 25). In the Mackay and Whitsundays Hinterland region, archaeids can be found in the Eungella National Park (near Mackay), north to Mount Dryander (south of Bowen) (Figs 24–25). The genus is not known to occur south or west of the Australian Alps (Fig. 2), which may be a vicariant biogeographic barrier between populations of Austrarchaea and Zephyrarchaea (Rix and Harvey 2012a, 2012b).

Composition

Nineteen described species – Austrarchaea alani Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea aleenae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea binfordae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea christopheri Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea clyneae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea cunninghami Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea daviesae Forster & Platnick, 1984, Austrarchaea dianneae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea harmsi Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea helenae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea judyae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea mascordi Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea mcguiganae Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea milledgei Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea monteithi Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea nodosa (Forster, 1956), Austrarchaea platnickorum Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea raveni Rix & Harvey, 2011, Austrarchaea smithae Rix & Harvey, 2011 – plus the eight new species from north-eastern Queensland: Austrarchaea griswoldi sp. n., Austrarchaea hoskini sp. n., Austrarchaea karenae sp. n., Austrarchaea tealei sp. n., Austrarchaea thompsoni sp. n., Austrarchaea wallacei sp. n., Austrarchaea westi sp. n. and Austrarchaea woodae sp. n.

Remarks

The genus Austrarchaea includes three major lineages in eastern Australia (Figs 3–4), each readily distinguished by the morphology of the abdomen and the structure of the male pedipalp (Fig. 4). The most widespread lineage (the Austrarchaea nodosa species-group) occurs south of the St Lawrence Gap, from Kroombit Tops National Park in central Queensland, south to the Badja State Forest in southern New South Wales (Fig. 3); species in this lineage possess six dorsal hump-like tubercles on the abdomen and an exposed tegular cavity with a variably scutiform conductor (Fig. 4). The second, most restricted lineage (the Austrarchaea monteithi lineage) is known only from the Gibraltar Range National Park in northern New South Wales (Fig. 3); the single known species, Austrarchaea monteithi, possesses five dorsal hump-like tubercles on the abdomen and an exposed tegular cavity with a hooked conductor (Fig. 4). The third lineage (the Austrarchaea daviesae species-group; revised in this paper) occurs north of the St Lawrence Gap, from Eungella National Park north to Cooktown (Figs 3, 25); species in this lineage possess only four dorsal hump-like tubercles on the abdomen (recumbent in Austrarchaea woodae sp. n.) and a more enclosed tegular cavity with a very large, arched conductor (Figs 4, 6–15).
Although the derived pedipalpal morphology of Austrarchaea daviesae and its relatives is strikingly different to that of congeners further south, the distal tegular sclerites can nonetheless be broadly homologised with those of Austrarchaea nodosa and Austrarchaea monteithi on the basis of their shape and relative position in the unexpanded tegular cavity. The embolus in all nine known north-eastern Queensland species is a long, sinuous, strongly sclerotized process emerging from the distal bulb pro-ventrally, in some species bearing an additional accessory spur. Tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) is always a prominent, pro-ventrally directed process, which is fused to the retro-ventral margin of the tegular bulb (the latter of which is usually also concomitantly modified). Tegular sclerite 2 (plus 2a, i.e. TS 2-2a) is usually inserted just behind TS 3 in the unexpanded tegular cavity, forming a distinctive, mesally-looped and distally whip-like structure common to all taxa in the Austrarchaea daviesae species-group; the extent of this very long, whip-like TS 2a is usually proximate to the distal extension of the embolus in the unexpanded state. This TS 2-2a morphology is in stark contrast to that of Austrarchaea monteithi, Austrarchaea nodosa and related species, in which TS 2a is usually covered and largely obscured by a more spur-like TS 2 process. Tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) – generally the most prominent sclerite in species of Zephyrarchaea and other species of Austrarchaea – is reduced and often obscured in most archaeid species from north-eastern Queensland, although a few taxa possess a larger, more distinctive TS 1 posterior to the TS 2-2a complex (e.g. Fig. 9D). Inter-specific variation among taxa in the Austrarchaea daviesae species-group is pronounced, with male pedipalp morphologies usually highly autapomorphic for each species. Five broad pedipalp types (Types A-E) can be distinguished among north-eastern Queensland taxa, with Type A being the most common form, shared between five of the nine known species, and Types B-E each currently unique to single species. Figure 6 highlights differences between these different pedipalp morphologies, which are further diagnosed in the Key to species (see below).

Key to the species of Austrarchaea known from north-eastern Queensland (males required)

Key to the species of Austrarchaea known from north-eastern Queensland (males required) — M. Rix , M. Harvey

1		Distal embolus enclosed within conductor (Fig. 12D); pedipalp very small, width of bulb << 0.30 mm (Fig. 12D) (Type B pedipalp; Fig. 6)    Austrarchaea westi sp. n.
–		Distal embolus fully exposed, projecting distally, not enclosed within conductor (Figs 7E, 13D, 15E); pedipalp larger, width of bulb > 0.30 mm    2
2		Conductor arched, directed prolaterally in ventral view (Fig. 14E); tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) very large, dagger-like, directed pro-ventrally across bulb (Figs 14E-F); embolus with prominent, rounded, fin-shaped spur (Fig. 14E) (Type D pedipalp; Fig. 6)    Austrarchaea hoskini sp. n.
–		Conductor directed retrolaterally in ventral view (Figs 7E, 8D, 10D); tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) not dagger-like; embolic spur, if present, with pointed apex (Figs 9E, 11F)    3
3		Distal bulb and proximal conductor strongly constricted laterally, forming uniquely apple-shaped pedipalpal profile in ventral view (Figs 13C–D); tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) large, flattened, with prominent, distally folded apex (Figs 13D-E) (Type C pedipalp; Fig. 6)    Austrarchaea woodae sp. n.
–		Distal bulb and proximal conductor not constricted laterally; tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) not folded distally    4
4		Ventro-distal rim of tegulum distally extended to form rectangular opercular plate, covering tegular sclerite 2a (TS 2a) for most of its length (Fig. 15E); tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) very large, flattened, extending along entire retrolateral edge of conductor (Fig. 15F) (Type E pedipalp; Fig. 6)    Austrarchaea griswoldi sp. n.
–		Ventro-distal rim of tegulum not forming rectangular opercular plate; tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) shorter, spur-like (Figs 7E, 8D, 9D, 10D, 11E); conductor arched, directed retrolaterally in ventral view, not abutting TS 3 (Figs 7E, 9D, 10D, 11E) (Type A pedipalp; Fig. 6)    5
5		Embolus with triangular embolic spur (Figs 8D, 9E, 10D, 11F); embolus projecting beyond distal rim of conductor by > 1/3 length of exposed embolic portion (Figs 9D, 10D, 11E)    6
–		Embolus without embolic spur (Fig. 7E); embolus projecting beyond distal rim of conductor by ~1/3 length of exposed embolic portion (Figs 7D-E)    Austrarchaea daviesae Forster & Platnick, 1984
6		Embolic spur distally positioned, situated close to pro-distal margin of conductor (slightly proximal to distal-most curve of embolus tip) (Figs 9D, 11E); tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) relatively large, triangular, visible in ventral view posterior to TS 2-3 (Figs 8D, 9D, 11E)    7
–		Embolic spur more proximally positioned, situated near base of exposed embolic portion (Fig. 10D); tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) small, obscured by TS 2-3, not visible in ventral view (Fig. 10D)    Austrarchaea thompsoni sp. n.
7		Tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) with sharply pointed, claw-like apex (Figs 9D–E, 11E-F)    8
–		Tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) with more bluntly pointed, triangular apex (Figs 8C–D)    Austrarchaea wallacei sp. n.
8.		Tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) broadly triangular in ventral view (Fig. 9D); tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) with single, sharply pointed process distally (Fig. 9D)    Austrarchaea karenae sp. n.
–		Tegular sclerite 1 (TS 1) with more tapered, tooth-like triangular apex in ventral view (Fig. 11E); tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) with second short, pointed process distally (Fig. 11E)    Austrarchaea tealei sp. n.

Taxon Treatment

• Rix, M; Harvey, M; 2012: Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland ZooKeys, 218: 1-50. doi

Images

'Figure 1. Habitus and habitat images of species Archaeidae from north-eastern Queensland. A–D, Habitus images of live paratype specimens of Austrarchaea griswoldi sp. n. from Eungella National Park: A newly-moulted female with recently cast cuticle; B–C, female, lateral view; D, female carrying egg-sac. E–F, Habitat images: E, tropical rainforest at Broken River, Eungella National Park – type locality of Austrarchaea griswoldi sp. n.; F, dense tropical rainforest at Malaan National Park, Atherton Tableland – locality of Austrarchaea daviesae Forster & Platnick.  Figure 2. Map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in Australia (circles for the genus Austrarchaea; squares for Zephyrarchaea), with locality records for north-eastern Queensland species of Austrarchaea in the Austrarchaea daviesae species-group highlighted in black. Note the three major biogeographic and phylogenetic disjunctions in the distribution of Australian Archaeidae (see Rix and Harvey 2012b), especially the St Lawrence Gap, separating mid-eastern Australian taxa in the Austrarchaea nodosa species-group (see Figs 3–4).  Figure 3. Distribution and phylogeny of Austrarchaea species from Rix and Harvey (2011, 2012b), showing the interrelationships of the three lineages from north-eastern Queensland (Austrarchaea daviesae species-group), mid-eastern Australia (Austrarchaea nodosa species-group) and the Gibraltar Range (Austrarchaea monteithi lineage), respectively. See Figure 4 for a comparison of morphological differences between these three clades.  Figure 4. Morphological differences between the three lineages of Austrarchaea (see Fig. 3). Note the variation in the shape of the male pedipalp and the marked differences in the shape and orientation of the conductor (C), embolus (E) and the distal tegular sclerites. Note also the number of abdominal hump-like tubercles (1-6): four in the Austrarchaea daviesae species-group; five in Austrarchaea monteithi; and six in the Austrarchaea nodosa species-group.  Figure 6. Morphological differences between the five pedipalp types (Types A-E) identified for species of Austrarchaea from north-eastern Queensland, with left bulbs illustrated in ventral view at scale-identical sizes. Type A pedipalps are shared among at least five species from the Wet Tropics bioregion; Types B-E are autapomorphic for single species. Note especially the variation in the size and shape of the bulb, and the shape and orientation of the conductor. C = conductor; E = embolus; ESp = embolic spur; (TS)1-3 = tegular sclerites 1-3. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.  Figure 7. Austrarchaea daviesae Forster & Platnick, 1984. A–B, Cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view: A, female (WAM T125183) from Malaan National Park, Atherton Tableland, NE. Queensland; B, holotype male (QMB S1091) from Majors Mountain, Atherton Tableland, NE. Queensland. C, Holotype male chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae. D–F, Male (WAM T125183; from Malaan National Park, Atherton Tableland, NE. Queensland) pedipalp: D–E, bulb, ventral view; F, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. G, Female (WAM T125183) internal genitalia, postero-ventral view (genital plate removed). C = conductor; E = embolus; T = tegulum; (TS)2-3 = tegular sclerites 2-3. Scale bars: A-B = 1.0 mm; E = 0.2 mm.  Figure 8. Austrarchaea wallacei sp. n. A–D, Holotype male (QMB S25964) from Mount Misery, Monkhouse Timber Reserve, NE. Queensland: A, cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view; B, chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae; C–D, right pedipalpal bulb (expanded; flipped horizontal for inter-specific comparison), retrolateral view. bH = basal haematodocha; C = conductor; E = embolus; ESp = embolic spur; H = haematodocha; T = tegulum; (TS)1-3 = tegular sclerites 1-3. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; D = 0.2 mm.  Figure 9. Austrarchaea karenae sp. n. A–E, Holotype male (QMB S43060) from Windsor Tableland, Windsor Tableland National Park, NE. Queensland: A, cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view; B, chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae; C–D, pedipalpal bulb, ventral view; E, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. C = conductor; E = embolus; ESp = embolic spur; T = tegulum; (TS)1-3 = tegular sclerites 1-3. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; D = 0.2 mm.  Figure 10. Austrarchaea thompsoni sp. n. A–E, Holotype male (QMB S30840) from Devils Thumb, Daintree National Park, NE. Queensland: A, cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view; B, chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae; C–D, pedipalpal bulb, ventral view; E, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. C = conductor; E = embolus; ESp = embolic spur; T = tegulum; (TS)2-3 = tegular sclerites 2-3. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; D = 0.2 mm.  Figure 11. Austrarchaea tealei sp. n. A–B, Cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view: A, female (ANIC) from Mossman Gorge, Daintree National Park, NE. Queensland; B, holotype male (QMB S92210) from Mossman Gorge, Daintree National Park, NE. Queensland. C, Holotype male chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae. D–F, Holotype male pedipalp: D–E, bulb, ventral view; F, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. G, Female (ANIC) internal genitalia, postero-ventral view (genital plate removed). C = conductor; E = embolus; ESp = embolic spur; T = tegulum; (TS)1-3 = tegular sclerites 1-3. Scale bars: A-B = 1.0 mm; E = 0.2 mm.  Figure 12. Austrarchaea westi sp. n. A–E, Holotype male (QMB S59537) from Mount Williams, Dinden National Park, NE. Queensland: A, cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view; B, chelicerae, lateral view, showing lack of defined accessory setae; C–D, pedipalpal bulb, ventral view; E, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. C = conductor; E = embolus; T = tegulum; (TS)2-3 = tegular sclerites 2-3. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; D = 0.2 mm.  Figure 13. Austrarchaea woodae sp. n. A–E, Holotype male (QMB S72988) from Boulder Caves, Mount Bartle Frere, Wooroonooran National Park, NE. Queensland: A, cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view; B, chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae; C–D, pedipalpal bulb, ventral view; E, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. C = conductor; E = embolus; T = tegulum; (TS)2-3 = tegular sclerites 2-3. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; D = 0.2 mm.  Figure 14. Austrarchaea hoskini sp. n. A–B, Cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view: A, allotype female (QMB S17937) from Mount Elliot, Bowling Green Bay National Park, NE. Queensland; B, holotype male (QMB S30811) from Mount Elliot, Bowling Green Bay National Park, NE. Queensland. C, Holotype male chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae. D–F, Holotype male pedipalp: D–E, bulb, ventral view; F, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. G, Allotype female internal genitalia, postero-ventral view (as seen through posterior rim of genital plate). C = conductor; E = embolus; ESp = embolic spur; GP = genital plate; T = tegulum; (TS)2-3 = tegular sclerites 2-3. Scale bars: A-B = 1.0 mm; E = 0.2 mm.  Figure 15. Austrarchaea griswoldi sp. n. A–B, Cephalothorax and abdomen, lateral view: A, allotype female (QMB S92213) from Broken River, Eungella National Park, NE. Queensland; B, holotype male (QMB S92212) from Broken River, Eungella National Park, NE. Queensland. C, Holotype male chelicerae, lateral view, showing accessory setae. D–F, Holotype male pedipalp: D–E, bulb, ventral view; F, detail of distal tegular sclerites, retrolateral view. G, Allotype female internal genitalia, postero-ventral view (genital plate removed). C = conductor; E = embolus; Es = embolic sclerite; T = tegulum; (TS)1-3 = tegular sclerites 1-3. Scale bars: A-B = 1.0 mm; E = 0.2 mm.  Figure 16. Distribution of Austrarchaea daviesae Forster & Platnick, 1984: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea daviesae highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the central Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. AU = Atherton Uplands; BK = Bellenden Ker/Bartle Frere; HI = Hinchinbrook Island; KU = Kirrama Uplands; LE = Lee Uplands; LU = Lamb Uplands; MT = Malbon-Thompson Uplands.  Figure 17. Distribution of Austrarchaea wallacei sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea wallacei highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the northern Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. BM = Black Mountain Corridor; CU = Carbine Uplands; FU = Mt Finnigan Uplands; TU = Thornton Uplands; WU = Windsor Uplands.  Figure 18. Distribution of Austrarchaea karenae sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea karenae highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the northern Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. BM = Black Mountain Corridor; CU = Carbine Uplands; FU = Mt Finnigan Uplands; TU = Thornton Uplands; WU = Windsor Uplands.  Figure 19. Distribution of Austrarchaea thompsoni sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distrib ution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea thompsoni highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the northern Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. BM = Black Mountain Corridor; CU = Carbine Uplands; FU = Mt Finnigan Uplands; TU = Thornton Uplands; WU = Windsor Uplands.  Figure 20. Distribution of Austrarchaea tealei sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea tealei highlighted in yellow; B-C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the northern Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. BM = Black Mountain Corridor; CU = Carbine Uplands; FU = Mt Finnigan Uplands; TU = Thornton Uplands; WU = Windsor Uplands.  Figure 21. Distribution of Austrarchaea westi sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea westi highlighted in yellow; B-C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the central Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. AU = Atherton Uplands; BK = Bellenden Ker/Bartle Frere; HI = Hinchinbrook Island; KU = Kirrama Uplands; LE = Lee Uplands; LU = Lamb Uplands; MT = Malbon-Thompson Uplands.  Figure 22. Distribution of Austrarchaea woodae sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea woodae highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the central Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). Small squares in (B–C) denote unidentified juvenile specimens; small circles denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea. AU = Atherton Uplands; BK = Bellenden Ker/Bartle Frere; HI = Hinchinbrook Island; KU = Kirrama Uplands; LE = Lee Uplands; LU = Lamb Uplands; MT = Malbon-Thompson Uplands.  Figure 23. Distribution of Austrarchaea hoskini sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Wet Tropics bioregion, with collection localities for Austrarchaea hoskini highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Labelled boundaries in (B) denote upland subregional zones of faunal endemism identified by Winter et al. (1984), Williams et al. (1996) and other authors for the southern Wet Tropics (modified from Edward 2011). EU = Elliot Uplands; HU = Halifax Uplands.  Figure 24. Distribution of Austrarchaea griswoldi sp. n.: A, topographic map showing the known distribution of Archaeidae in the north-eastern Queensland Mackay and Whitsundays Hinterland, with collection localities for Austrarchaea griswoldi highlighted in yellow; B–C, topographic and satellite maps showing detail of inset (A). Small circles in (B–C) denote unidentified female specimens; large circles denote described species of Austrarchaea.  ' Figure 25. Summary distribution of the Austrarchaea daviesae species-group in tropical north-eastern Queensland, showing collections records for described species (labelled, with black circles) and unidentified juveniles or females (yellow circles) (see Table 1). Note the high proportion of unidentified specimens, especially within the Wet Tropics bioregion between Cooktown and Ingham.