Cephaloleia vagelineata
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Ordo: Coleoptera
Familia: Chrysomelidae
Genus: Cephaloleia
Name
Cephaloleia vagelineata Pic, 1926c – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Cephalolia vagelineata Pic 1926c[1]: 10.
- Cephaloleia vagelineata Pic. Uhmann 1957b[2]: 27 (catalog), 1964a[3]: 404 (catalog); Descarpentries and Villiers 1959[4]a: 139 (types); Genty et al. 1978[5]: 332 (biology); Angel 1989[6]: 81 (museum list); Couturier and Kahn 1992[7]: 720 (host plants); Mariau 1999[8]: 233 (noted), 2001[9]: 132 (noted); Howard and Abad 2001[10]: 100 (host plants).
- Cephaloleia near vagelineata Pic. Sandino 1972[11]: 77 (biology); Sandino 1972[11]: 75 (biology), 1974[12]: 21 (control), 1975[13]: 20 (biology).
Description
Small; narrow; elongate; depressed; shining; black; pronotum margined in red; elytra with broad Y-shaped yellow vitta on disc and lateral margins red. Head: vertex densely punctate, medial sulcus present; frons not projecting; depressed between eyes. Antenna: reaches to humerus; slender; antennomeres 1–2 thicker than others; 1 elongate, cylindrical; 2 transverse, shortest; 3–5 elongate, cylindrical; 3 2× length of 2; 4 slightly shorter than 3; 5 ¾ length of 4; 6–10 transverse, decreasing in length; 11 2× length of 10, acutely pointed at apex; 1–2 punctate with scattered setae; 3–11 setose. Pronotum: transverse; lateral margin straight and divergent for basal ¾ then rounding to anterior angle, margined, serrulate; anterior angle angulate, not produced; posterior angle acute; anterior margin straight; disc subconvex; surface densely coarsely punctate laterally, finely punctate medially; basal impression absent; pronotal length 0.9–1.0 mm; pronotal width 1.2–1.3 mm. Scutellum: pentagonal; punctate. Elytron: lateral margin straight, smooth, narrowly margined; apex strongly truncate; sutural angle without tooth; humerus rounded, not produced; constricted behind humerus; strongly punctate-striate, rows converge and unite apically; interspace 5 slightly carinate behind humerus, flattening posteriorly; elytral length 3.5–3.6 mm; elytral width 1.3–1.4 mm. Venter: pro-, meso-, and metasterna punctate; abdominal sterna sparsely punctate, each puncture with pale seta; suture between sterna 1 and 2 complete; last sternite with apical margin broadly concave in male. Leg: slender; punctate; tibia with fringe of setae on inner margin of apex. Total length: 4.9–5.0 mm.
Diagnosis
This species is similar to Cephaloleia formosus and Cephaloleia gracilis. It can be distinguished by the serrulate lateral margins of the pronotum, by the angulate anterior angles of the pronotum, and by the suture between abdominal sterna 1 and 2 being complete.
Host plant
Elaeis guineensis Jacq., Corozo oleifera (H.B.K.) Bailey, Cocos nucifera L. (Sandino 1972[11]); Astrocaryum chonta Matrius (Couturier and Kahn 1992[7]) (Arecaceae).
Biology
The recently hatched larva feeds on the interior surface of the basal part of the young rachis of the palm. This damage has the appearance of superficial scrapings in the form of longitudinally lengthened maculae. These maculae are initially light (or clear) in color and darken with time. The adult beetles seek out the youngest leaves of the host palm, rasping the surface of the leaflets. This class of damage, which commonly is in the form of longitudinal bands or lines, can cause a yellowing and drying of the foliage, which can be afterwards be invaded by fungi (Sandino 1972[11]).
The eggs are deposited individually in the internal surface of the base of the young rachis of the host palm. The larva prefers this humid medium that is protected from the direct action of the sun. Pupae are found in the internal basal part of the rachises. The adults are found in the youngest leaves of the palm and which are beginning to open. There they stay hidden among the leaflets. It is very rare to encounter the insect in old leaves or those that have already opened completely; possibly this is owing to their preference for humidity and protection from the effects of the sun, which are present on the leaves which they barely are beginning to separate their leaflet. The mechanical damage caused by the adults of Cephaloleia vagelineata although apparently insignificant, is important when the insects are present in abundance, in those cases, the affected areas can coalesce resulting in the withering of much of the foliage (Sandino 1972[11]).
The eggs are yellow, flattened, ellipsoid and about 2 mm long. The larvae are whitish, flattened, and ellipsoid, with the last instar nearly 6 mm long. The pupa is similar in form and size to the larva and is distinguished by being thicker and having a cream color, which changes to black, in its central part, as it matures (Sandino 1972[11]).
Distribution
Brazil (Goiás, Matto Grosso), Colombia.
Type material
Type: Brazil, Goyaz, Jatahy (MNHN, not seen).
Specimens examined
Brazil: Goiás- Jatahy (MNHN). Matto Grosso- no further data (USNM). Total: 2.
Taxon Treatment
- Staines, C; García-Robledo, C; 2014: The genus Cephaloleia Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae) ZooKeys, 436: 1-355. doi
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Other References
- ↑ Pic M (1926c) Nouveautés diverses. Mélanges Exotico-Entomologiques 46: 1–32.
- ↑ Uhmann E (1957b) Sechs neue Hispinen aus Südamerika (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). 181. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hispinae. Beiträge zur Entomologie 7: 35–42.
- ↑ Uhmann E (1964a) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Supplementa. Chrysomelidae: Hispinae, Corrigenda et Addenda. W. Junk, Gravenhage. Pars 35(3): 399–490.
- ↑ Descarpentries A, Villiers A (1959) Les types de la collection M. Pic. 1. Chrysomelinae et Hispinae du Nouveau-Monde. Bulletin du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle Paris (2)31(2): 137–154.
- ↑ Genty P, de Chenon R, Morin J, Korytkowski C (1978) Avageurs du palmira a huile en Amerique Latine. Oleagineux 33(7): 325–415.
- ↑ Angel R (1989) Catalogo del Museo de Entomologia “Francisco Luis Gallego”. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Seccional Medellin, 262 pp.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Couturier G, Kahn F (1992) Notes on the insect fauna on two species of Astrocaryum (Palmae, Cocoeae, Bactridinae) in Peruvian Amazonia, with emphasis on potential pests of cultivated palms. Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Etudes Andines 21(2): 715–725.
- ↑ Mariau D (1999) Les Coléoptères Chrysomelidae inféodès au palmier à huile et au cocotier et leurs parasitoides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (n.s.) 35(suppl.): 230–237.
- ↑ Mariau D (2001) The fauna of oil palm and coconut. Insect and mite pests and their natural enemies. Cirad. Montpellier, France, 249 pp.
- ↑ Howard F, Abad R (2001) Coleoptera. In: Howard F Moore D Giblin-Davis D Abad R (Eds) Insects on palms. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, 81–104. doi: 10.1079/9780851993263.0000
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Sandino E (1972) Cephaloleia sp. cerca a vagelineata Pic, una plaga de la palma Africana. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin 27(2): 75–77.
- ↑ Sandino E (1974) Evaluacion de vaios insecticidas para el control del Cephaloleia sp. cerca a vagelineata Pic, plage de la palma africana. Revista de la Facultad Nactional de Agronomia Medellin 29(1): 21–30.
- ↑ Sandino E (1975) Insectos asociados con el cultivo de palma africana en uraba (Antioquia) y estudio de su relacion con la pudricion de la flecha- pudricion del cogollo. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia 1(4): 15–31.
