Vespula germanica

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Kimsey L, Carpenter J (2012) The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28 : 37–65, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-24, version 26796, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vespula_germanica&oldid=26796 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

Citation formats to copy and paste

BibTeX:

@article{Kimsey2012JournalofHymenopteraResearch28,
author = {Kimsey, Lynn S. AND Carpenter, James M.},
journal = {Journal of Hymenoptera Research},
publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
title = {The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera)},
year = {2012},
volume = {28},
issue = {},
pages = {37--65},
doi = {10.3897/JHR.28.3514},
url = {http://www.pensoft.net/journals/jhr/article/3514/abstract},
note = {Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-24, version 26796, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vespula_germanica&oldid=26796 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.}

}

RIS/ Endnote:

TY - JOUR
T1 - The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera)
A1 - Kimsey L
A1 - Carpenter J
Y1 - 2012
JF - Journal of Hymenoptera Research
JA -
VL - 28
IS -
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.28.3514
SP - 37
EP - 65
PB - Pensoft Publishers
M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-24, version 26796, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vespula_germanica&oldid=26796 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

M3 - doi:10.3897/JHR.28.3514

Wikipedia/ Citizendium:

<ref name="Kimsey2012Journal of Hymenoptera Research28">{{Citation
| author = Kimsey L, Carpenter J
| title = The Vespinae of North America (Vespidae, Hymenoptera)
| journal = Journal of Hymenoptera Research
| year = 2012
| volume = 28
| issue =
| pages = 37--65
| pmid =
| publisher = Pensoft Publishers
| doi = 10.3897/JHR.28.3514
| url = http://www.pensoft.net/journals/jhr/article/3514/abstract
| pmc =
| accessdate = 2024-12-13

}} Versioned wiki page: 2012-08-24, version 26796, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vespula_germanica&oldid=26796 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.</ref>

See also the citation download page at the journal.


Taxonavigation

Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Vespidae
Genus: Vespula

Name

Vespula germanica (Fabricius) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

Distribution

Vespula germanica has been unintentionally introduced into temperate regions worldwide. It apparently first appeared in Montreal in the 1960’s and other parts of eastern North America in the 1970’s, although there is a record of the species collected in Ithaca, New York in 1891 (Menke and Snelling 1975[5]). The species reached California by 1989.

Biology

The nests are usually built in structures or less commonly in the ground. Nests can be huge and may become perennial in warmer climates. These wasps feed on live prey or scavenge any source of protein or sugar.

Taxon Treatment

Other References

  1. ↑ Scopoli J (1763) Entomologia carniolica exhibens Insecta Carnioliae indigena. Vindobonae.
  2. ↑ Linnaeus C (1763) Centuria insectorum rariorum. Amoenitates Academicae 6, Holmiae, 384–415.
  3. ↑ Olivier A (1791–1792) Encyclopédie Méthodique 6, Pt. 2. Paris.
  4. ↑ Fabricius J (1793) Entomologia Systematica, 2. Hafniae.
  5. ↑ Menke A, Snelling R (1975) Vespula germanica (Fabricius), an adventive yellow jacket in the northeastern United States. US Department of Agriculture Cooperative Economic Insect Report 25 (11): 193-200.

Images

Figure 1. Vespula pensylvanica worker a side view b dorsal view; Vespula germanica worker c side view d dorsal view.
Figure 1. Vespula pensylvanica worker a side view b dorsal view; Vespula germanica worker c side view d dorsal view. 
Figures 2–13. 11–12 Front view of face 5–7 Dorsal view of head 8–10 Lateral view of head 11 Dorsal view of thorax 12, 13 Lateral view of male metasomal tergum VII.
Figures 2–13. 11–12 Front view of face 5–7 Dorsal view of head 8–10 Lateral view of head 11 Dorsal view of thorax 12, 13 Lateral view of male metasomal tergum VII. 
Figures 14–25. Front view of face, antennae removed. Vpl. = Vespula.
Figures 14–25. Front view of face, antennae removed. Vpl. = Vespula. 
Figures 38–47. Dorsal view of worker metasoma.
Figures 38–47. Dorsal view of worker metasoma. 
Figures 59–71. Lateral view of genital capsule in Vespula (Vpl). Abbreviations: ae = aedeagus p = paramere.
Figures 59–71. Lateral view of genital capsule in Vespula (Vpl). Abbreviations: ae = aedeagus p = paramere. 
Figures 72–84. Ventral view of genital capsule in Vespula (Vpl). Abbreviations: A. = dorsal view of paramere ae = aedeagus p = paramere v = volsella Vpl. = Vespula.
Figures 72–84. Ventral view of genital capsule in Vespula (Vpl). Abbreviations: A. = dorsal view of paramere ae = aedeagus p = paramere v = volsella Vpl. = Vespula. 
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