Vernonella

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Robinson H, Skvarla J, Funk V (2016) Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen. PhytoKeys (60) : 49–126, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2016-02-11, version 77178, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vernonella&oldid=77178 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

Citation formats to copy and paste

BibTeX:

@article{Robinson2016PhytoKeys,
author = {Robinson, Harold AND Skvarla, John J. AND Funk, Vicki A.},
journal = {PhytoKeys},
publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
title = {Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen},
year = {2016},
volume = {},
issue = {60},
pages = {49--126},
doi = {10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734},
url = {http://phytokeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=6734},
note = {Versioned wiki page: 2016-02-11, version 77178, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vernonella&oldid=77178 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.}

}

RIS/ Endnote:

TY - JOUR
T1 - Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen
A1 - Robinson H
A1 - Skvarla J
A1 - Funk V
Y1 - 2016
JF - PhytoKeys
JA -
VL -
IS - 60
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734
SP - 49
EP - 126
PB - Pensoft Publishers
M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2016-02-11, version 77178, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vernonella&oldid=77178 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

M3 - doi:10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734

Wikipedia/ Citizendium:

<ref name="Robinson2016PhytoKeys">{{Citation
| author = Robinson H, Skvarla J, Funk V
| title = Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen
| journal = PhytoKeys
| year = 2016
| volume =
| issue = 60
| pages = 49--126
| pmid =
| publisher = Pensoft Publishers
| doi = 10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734
| url = http://phytokeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=6734
| pmc =
| accessdate = 2024-12-22

}} Versioned wiki page: 2016-02-11, version 77178, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Vernonella&oldid=77178 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.</ref>

See also the citation download page at the journal.


Taxonavigation

Ordo: Asterales
Familia: Asteraceae

Name

Vernonella Sond., 1850Wikispecies linkPensoft Profile

Resources

Species reviewed by Smith (1971)[1] and Robinson and Skvarla (2010a)[2].

Descriptions

Annual or perennial herbs, with leaves rosulate or on leafy stems, basal rosettes often withered at anthesis, bases of plants erect, with or without a dense basal cloak of hairs. Hairs simple or lacking on stems. Inflorescences monocephalic, laxly cymose or densely corymbiform, with short to very elongate peduncles. Heads broadly campanulate; involucres 3–6-seriate, bracts broadly to narrowly oblong, gradate with basal bracts often more lanceolate, tips of inner bracts often obtuse to rounded or apiculate, distally and marginally rather scarious, often purplish. Florets 10–50 or more in a head; corollas purple, with long slender basal tube, throat short, not noticeably broadened at base, lobes linear, usually contorted with age, bearing glands, simple hairs, or L-shaped to T-shaped hairs; anther thecae calcarate and blunt at base, without tails; apical appendage oblong-ovate, with thin cell walls; style base with annulus of thickened, quadrate cells; sweeping hairs slender with sharp, narrow tips. Achenes with ca. 10 ribs, setulose on ribs, setulae with paired cells separated in distal third or less, with numerous idioblasts on surfaces between ribs; raphids in achene wall narrowly elongate. Chromosome number n = 9 (Jones 1982[3]).
Pollen ca. 30–40 μm in diameter when dry, tricolporate with short or truncated colpi, sharply echinate with elongate spines, sublophate with large irregularly shaped lacunae, perforated tectum continuous in lacunae (Fig. 25 A–C).
Notable secondary metabolites include sesquiterpene lactones (elemanolides and eudesmanolides).
The genus Vernonella is most notable for its often solitary heads, simple vegetative hairs, the comparatively limited differentiation of the involucral bracts, unexpanded corolla throats, and the comparatively small sublophate rather than lophate pollen with uniquely truncated colpi. On the basis of the examination of the type species, the detailed studies of Smith (1971)[1], and reviews of literature, eleven species are recognized in the genus. The genus is restricted to Africa and is distributed from Cameroon and Sudan in the north southward to Natal in South Africa.

Taxon Treatment

  • Robinson, H; Skvarla, J; Funk, V; 2016: Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen PhytoKeys, (60): 49-126. doi

Images

Other References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Smith C (1971) Observations on Stengelioid species of Vernonia. Agriculture Handbook No 396. Agricultural Research Service, USDA, i-iv, 1–87.
  2. Robinson H, Skvarla J (2010a) The restoration of the genus Vernonella Sond. (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 123(3): 181–192. doi: 10.2988/09-28.1
  3. Jones S (1982) Pp. 126–127 In: Löve A (Ed.) IOPB Chromosome number reports LXXIV. Taxon 31: 119–128. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1219710?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents