Tipula pruinosa
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Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Tipulidae
Genus: Tipula
Name
Tipula pruinosa Wiedemann – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Tipula pruinosa Wiedemann 1817[1]: 64.
- Tipula usuriensis Alexander 1925[2]: 18, syn. n.
- Tipula (Tipula) pruinosa Mannheims 1952[3]: 91.
- Tipula (Yamatotipula) pruinosa pruinosa Savchenko 1961[4]: 288.
- Tipula (Yamatotipula) pruinosa Oosterbroek and Theowald 1992[5]: 165.
- Tipula (Yamatotipula) pruinosa pruinosa Oosterbroek 2011[6]: http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/ccw/ (for unlisted European references, see Mannheims 1952[3] and Savchenko 1961[4]).
Material examined
Holotype of Tipula usuriensis: male, pinned specimen (USNM). “Kudia River/Amagu Siberia/Cockerell/July 1923” (white label, printed). “HOLOTYPE /Tipula/ usuriensis/ C.P. Alexander” (red label, partly handwritten). Slide, permanently mounted wing. “Tipula usuriensis Alex./ ♀ Siberia, Amagu,/ Kudia River/ July 1923, (T.D.A. Cockerell) / The Alexander Collection of Crane-Flies/HOLOTYPE 2967” (white label, partly handwritten). (Figs 3a, b). The holotype specimen of Tipula usuriensis is in quite bad condition (Fig. 3c). Half of the abdomen (distal part) and four legs are glued to a card. One wing (length 14.0 mm) is slide mounted and one wing is glued to a white card, one leg is also glued to the same card. Scape, pedicel and three flagellomeres of antennae are present. The holotype is also laterally flattened, perhaps due to compression of the freshly collected specimen. Hypopygium was detached by the author from the cardboard, macerated in KOH and finally preserved in glycerol in a microvial.
Other material
Finland. Savonia borealis: Kiuruvesi, Jynkänjärvi 63.5194°N; 26.6941°E, 13.VII. 2008, J. Salmela leg, 2 males (ZMUT); Ostrobottnia australis: Ilmajoki, Kivistönmäki 62.8492°N; 22.6623°E, 1 female, V.-M. Mukkala leg (PVM); Regio aboensis: Taivassalo, Orikvuori 60.6027°N; 21.6653°E, 26.VI. 2005 V.-M. Mukkala leg, 1 female (PVM); Regio aboensis: Turku, Piipanoja 60.4918°N; 22.3017°E, 22.VI. 2011 A. Teräs leg, 1 female, 4 males (ZMUT).
Redescription of male and female terminalia
Male. 9th tergite (Fig. 4a) essentially similar to Tipula (Yamatotipula) stackelbergi. 9th tergite with two median projections, densely covered by dark bristles, lateral corners of the tergite glabrous, pointed (Fig. 4a). 9th sternite with median incision, bearing two fleshy and hairy outgrowths. Outer gonostylus worm-like, apical half covered by dark hairs (Figs 4b, c). Inner gonostylus elongate. Beak rounded, rather wide, resembling helmet (Figs 4b, c, 3f–g). Apical portion of beak bearing around 20 stout bristles, central ridge with numerous weak bristles, along the whole length of the ridge. Lower beak angular. Posterior immovable apodeme of sperm pump curved in lateral and ventral view (Figs 4d, f). Distal end of compressor apodeme of sperm pump truncated (Fig. 4f). Aedeagal guide as in Fig. 4e.
Female. Female terminalia as in Fig. 6b. Basal part of hypogynial valves with dense black setae, proximal ends of valves rounded, widest sub-basally, not tapering toward proximal end (Fig. 6e). Stalk of genital fork gradually widening toward caudal and proximal ends, being narrowest around midpoint (Fig. 6f). Dorsal view of vaginal apodeme as in Fig. 6f.
Geographical variation: The above mentioned description of male terminalia suites well to European specimens. The beak of the inner gonostylus among specimens from Asia is somewhat more i) sinuous, ii) slender and iii) with fewer stout bristles. Variation related to the geographical origin of the specimens is not detected in the structure of sperm pump. It is likely that Tipula (Yamatotipula) pruinosa sinapruinosa Yang & Yang, 1993 is similar to the holotype of Tipula usuriensis and to a male from Russia, Altay. These eastern Palaearctic specimens could perhaps be given a subspecific or infrasubspecific rank under Tipula (Yamatotipula) pruinosa. However, one widespread species with slight geographic variation in the coloration of head and abdomen (see Alexander 1925[2]; Yang and Yang 1993[7]) and appearance of inner gonostylus is recognized here.
Taxon Treatment
- Salmela, J; 2012: Revision of Tipula (Yamatotipula) stackelbergi Alexander (Diptera, Tipulidae), and a short discussion on subspecies among crane flies ZooKeys, 162: 43-58. doi
Other References
- ↑ Wiedemann C (1817) Neue Zweiflugler (Diptera) aus der Gegend um Kiel. Zoologisches Magazin, Kiel 1: 61-86.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Alexander C (1925) Crane flies from the Maritime Province of Siberia. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 68 (4): 1-21. doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.68-2605.1
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Mannheims B (1952) 15. Tipulidae. In: Lindner E (Ed). Die Fliegen der palaearktischen Region, 3(5)1, Lief. 170: 65–112.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Savchenko E (1961) Crane-flies (Diptera, Tipulidae), Subfam. Tipulinae, Genus Tipula L., (part 1). Fauna USSR, N.S. 79, Nasekomye Dvukrylye (Diptera) 2(3): 1–487. [in Russian]
- ↑ Oosterbroek P, Theowald B (1992) Family Tipulidae. In: Soós Á Papp L Oosterbroek P (eds). Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera 1. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest: 56-178.
- ↑ Oosterbroek P (2011) Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World (Diptera, Tipuloidea: Pediciidae, Limoniidae, Cylindrotomidae, Tipulidae) http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/ccw/index.php
- ↑ Yang D, Yang C (1993) Two new species and a new subspecies of Tipula from China (Diptera: Tipulidae). Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Pekinensis 19: 97-100. [in Chinese with English summary]
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