Synstrophus repandus
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Ordo: Coleoptera
Familia: Tetratomidae
Genus: Synstrophus
Name
Synstrophus repandus (Horn, 1888) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Eustrophus repandus Horn 1888[1]: 33.—U.S.A., Pennsylvania (“Its distribution seems to be across the northern half of our country from Canada and New Hampshire to Virginia, and from these points through all the States to the Pacific coast as far south as the extreme north of California”); Henshaw 1889[2]: 131; Champion 1898[3]: 65.
- Synstrophus repandus (Horn).—Leng 1920[4]: 238; Csiki 1924[5]: 9; Hatch 1965[6]: 66, Plate VIII, fig. 9; LeSage 1991[7]: 246; Poole and Gentili 1996[8]: 300; Young and Pollock 2002[9]: 416; Pollock 2008[10]: 282; Majka and Pollock 2010[11]: 455.
Diagnosis
This species is easily diagnosed based on the following features: body color uniformly dark; eyes narrowly separated; meso- and metatibiae smooth, without oblique ridges.
Description
(from Pollock 2008[10]: 282). TL 5.6–7.0 mm; GEW 2.5–3.4 mm. Body ovate (Fig. 13), only somewhat tapered posteriorly, distinctly convex dorsally (Fig. 25); dorsal color dark piceous to black; antennae with basal 4 antennomeres dark rufous, distal half of antennomere 11 rufous; venter at least slightly lighter in color than dorsum; mouthparts similar in color to antennomeres 1–4; legs and abdominal ventrites dark rufous to piceous; dorsal pubescence relatively long, conspicuous; eyes narrowly separated (Fig. 37), or almost contiguous (space < length of antennomere 1), medial margin moderately emarginate; antennomeres 2–4 short, submoniliform; antennomeres 5–10 widened, becoming more triangular toward antennomeres 9–10; antennal sensilla completely annular; last maxillary palpomere unmodified, fusiform; prosternal process (Fig. 49) triangular, narrowed distally, extended to slightly short of posterior margin of procoxae; prothoracic episternal suture absent; elytral punctation coarse, punctures arranged in longitudinal striae; meso- and metatibiae with scattered short spines, but distinct ridges absent; male lacking setiferous pit on ventral edge of profemur.
Distribution
(Fig. 75). Another widely distributed species, Synstrophus repandus exhibits a transcontinental range, similar to that of Eustrophus tomentosus. Most records are eastern, with a general gap in the interior of the continent, but with records from British Columbia, Pacific Northwest, and California. The 1,175 examined specimens are from the following jurisdictions: CANADA: BRITISH COLUMBIA, MANITOBA, ONTARIO, QUEBEC. UNITED STATES: ALABAMA: Bibb, Green, Lee, Madison, Mobile, Shelby. ARKANSAS: Faulkner, Franklin, Fulton, Hempstead, Pulaski. CALIFORNIA: Riverside, Shasta, Siskiyou. CONNECTICUT: Litchfield, New Haven. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. DELAWARE: New Castle. FLORIDA: Alachua, Clay, Franklin, Jackson, Liberty, Leon, Orange, Wakulla. GEORGIA: Baker, Bibb, Bulloch, Charlton, Chattahoochee, Clarke, Coweta, DeKalb, Floyd, Fulton, Greene, Henry, Oglethorpe, Paulding, Whitfield. IDAHO: Bonner, Kootenai. ILLINOIS: Alexander, Champaign, Clark, Coles, Cook, DeKalb, Edgar, Jackson, Jasper, LaSalle, Ogle, Piatt, St. Clair, Sangamon, Union, Vermilion, Wabash. INDIANA: Clinton, LaPorte, Monroe, Parke, Porter, Putnam, Spencer, Tippecanoe, Vigo. IOWA: Dickinson, Story. KANSAS. KENTUCKY: Bath, Henderson. LOUISIANA: East Baton Rouge, Rapides, Washington. MAINE: Androscoggin, Cumberland, Kennebec, York. MARYLAND: Anne Arundel, Calvert, Cecil, Montgomery, Prince George’s, Washington, Worcester. MASSACHUSETTS: Hampden, Hampshire, Middlesex. MICHIGAN: Alger, Allegan, Alpena, Arenac, Berrien, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Eaton, Ingham, Lake, Lenawee, Livingston, Marquette, Midland, Oakland, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Wayne. MINNESOTA: Crow Wing, Hennepin, Roseau, Sherborne, St. Louis. MISSISSIPPI: Adams, Lafayette, Perry, Stone. MISSOURI: Randolph, St. Charles, St. Louis. MONTANA: Flathead, Lake, Lincoln. NEBRASKA: Sarpy. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Carroll, Grafton, Rockingham, Strafford. NEW JERSEY: Bergen, Burlington, Monmouth. NEW YORK: Erie, Livingston, Monroe, Nassau, Niagara, Onondaga, St. Lawrence, Tompkins, Warren, Wayne, Wyoming. NORTH CAROLINA: Buncombe, Durham, Gaston, Henderson, Hertford, Jackson, Wake. NORTH DAKOTA: Bottineau, Cass, Richland. OHIO: Ashtabula, Butler, Clark, Clermont, Clinton, Cuyahoga, Delaware, Fairfield, Hocking, Jackson, Knox, Lake, Ross, Union, Vinton, Wayne. OKLAHOMA: Grady, Latimer, Pushmataha. OREGON: Douglas, Josephine, Klamath, Lane, Wasco. PENNSYLVANIA: Allegheny, Clearfield, Dauphin, Westmoreland, York. SOUTH CAROLINA: Abbeville, Beaufort, Florence, Lancaster, Pickens. SOUTH DAKOTA: Minnehaha, Yankton. TEXAS: Anderson, Angelina, Briscoe, Cass, Cherokee, Montgomery, Polk, Sabine, San Jacinto, Travis, Tyler, Walker. UTAH: Washington. VERMONT: Rutland. VIRGINIA: Chesterfield, Clarke, Essex, Fairfax, Falls Church, Lee, Loudoun. WASHINGTON: Whatcom. WEST VIRGINIA: Braxton, Greenbrier, Kanawha, Lewis, Mineral, Nicholas, Randolph. WISCONSIN: Bayfield, Dane, Grant, Iowa, Oconto, Racine, Vilas. WYOMING. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1).
Types
Eustrophus repandus Horn. LECTOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled “Pen / LectoTYPE / Eustrophus repandus Horn / MCZ Type 34039", in MCZ. Paralectotypes (3), in MCZ.
Natural history
Label data: Pinus ponderosa bark (BC), shelf fungus on birch (BC), fungus on cottonwood (BC), Populus trichocarpa (BC), ex fungus on Betula (BC), underside of Populus trichocarpa log (BC), fleshy bracket fungus (ON), under wet moldy bark on dead tree (ON), Pleurotus ostreatus (IL, MA, QC), polypore on branch of old Quercus rubrus (QC), under dead pine bark (AL), Meripilus giganteus (AR), ex fungi and under bark (FL), large mushroom on log (IL), Polyporus adustus (IL), Laetiporus sulphureus (IL), under Pinus bark (LA), ex bracket fungi (NC), in slimy fungus under pine bark (NY), under dead bark (SC), ex. Polyporus schweinitzii (VT), under bark of pine (WY).
Notes
Among specimens in the LeConte collection (MCZ) a specimen of Synstrophus repandus is labeled “Eustrophus concolor Linn.” This is the only known instance of this name to me, and it seems doubtful that it represents a described species.
Taxon Treatment
- Pollock, D; 2012: Review of the Eustrophinae (Coleoptera, Tetratomidae) of America north of Mexico ZooKeys, 188: 1-153. doi
Other References
- ↑ Horn G (1888) Miscellaneous coleopterous studies. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 15: 26-48
- ↑ Henshaw S (1889) Second supplement to the list of Coleoptera of America, north of Mexico. Entomologica Americana 5: 127-138.
- ↑ Champion G (1898) A list of the Lagriidae, Othniidae, Nilionidae, Petriidae, Pythidae, Melandryidae, Pedilidae (part), Pyrochroidae and Mordellidae, supplementary to the “Munich” catalogue. Annales de la Société entomologique de Belgique 42: 46-104.
- ↑ Leng C (1920) Catalogue of the Coleoptera of America, north of Mexico. John D. Sherman, Jr., Mt. Vernon, 470 pp.
- ↑ Csiki E (1924) Pars 77. Serropalpidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 17. Berlin, W. Junk.
- ↑ Hatch M (1965) The Beetles of the Pacific Northwest. Part IV: Macrodactyles, Palpicornes, and Heteromera. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
- ↑ LeSage L (1991) Family Melandryidae, false darkling beetles. In: Bousquet Y (Ed.). Checklist of Beetles of Canada and Alaska. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, 245–248.
- ↑ Poole R, Gentili P (Eds) (1996) Fauna Insecta Nearctica. Vol. 1: Coleoptera, Strepsiptera. Entomological Information Services, Rockville MD. 827 pp.
- ↑ Young D, Pollock D (2002) Family 99. Tetratomidae. In: Arnett RH Jr., Thomas M, Skelley P, Frank J (Eds). American Beetles. Volume 2. Polyphaga: Scarabaeoidea through Curculionoidea. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 413–416.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Pollock D (2008) Review of the Canadian Eustrophinae (Coleoptera, Tetratomidae). ZooKeys 2: 261-290. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.2.30
- ↑ Majka C, Pollock D (2010) False darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Melandryidae) and allies of the Atlantic Maritime Ecozone. In: McAlpine DF, Smith IM (Eds). Assessment of Species Diversity in the Atlantic Maritime Ecozone. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, 453–463.
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