Schiekia
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Ordo: Commelinales
Familia: Haemodoraceae
Name
Schiekia Meisn., Pl. Vasc. Gen. 2(12): 300. 1842. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Troschelia Klotzsch & M.R.Schomb. in Reisen, Br.-Guiana: 1066. 1849, nom. nud.
Type species
Wachendorfia orinocensis Kunth. [≡ Schiekia orinocensis (Kunth) Meisn.].
Comments
Schiekia is indisputably closely related to Wachendorfia (Hopper et al. 1999[1], 2009[2]; Hickman 2019[3]; Pellegrini 2019[4]; Hopper et al., in prep.[5]), which is shown by its taxonomic history and due to several morphological characters. Schiekia and Wachendorfia share some unique floral traits, such as the perianth apertures (produced by the connation of five tepals, giving the flowers a peculiar bilabiate appearance and producing two basal pouches; Simpson 1990[6]) and the infralocular septal nectaries with commissure slits which channel the nectar to the perianth apertures (Simpson 1993[7]; Pellegrini 2019[4]). These features serve as strong morphological synapomorphies that support the clade composed by Schiekia + (Wachendorfia + Barberetta), with a posterior loss of the perianth apertures in Barberetta (Pellegrini 2019[4]). The nectary apparatus in Barberetta is also remarkably similar to that of Wachendorfia and Schiekia and only lacks the ducts that would carry the secreted nectar to the perianth apertures (Simpson 1993[7]). Furthermore, Schiekia and Wachendorfia share the presence of tapering trichomes, while Barberetta and Wachendorfia share the unifacially-plicate leaves, which are unique in the family and the order as a whole (Simpson 1990[6]; Pellegrini 2019[4]). The staminode-like structures are synapomorphic to Schiekia (Pellegrini 2019[4]) and cannot be considered actual staminodes, in fact, representing a de novo structure (Simpson 1990[6]; Pellegrini 2019[4]). These staminode-like structures seem to represent some kind of corona (i.e., a perianth projection), comparable to the ones observed in many Amaryllidaceae and Passifloraceae. Their function is most likely associated with the genus’ floral biology and could represent enlarged osmophores, which would aid in the attraction of pollinators, together with the nectar. Nonetheless, reproductive biology studies in Schiekia are entirely lacking and are necessary to understand the function of these staminode-like structures. Furthermore, ontogenetic studies are also necessary to understand the origin and to propose a more suitable and definite name to these structures.
Taxon Treatment
- Pellegrini, M; Hickman, E; Guttiérrez, J; Smith, R; Hopper, S; 2020: Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales) PhytoKeys, 169: 1-59. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ Hopper S, Fay M, Rossetto M, Chase M (1999) A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the bloodroot and kangaroo paw family, Haemodoraceae: Taxonomic, biogeographic and conservation implications.Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society131(3): 285–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1999.tb00770.x
- ↑ Hopper S, Smith R, Fay M, Manning J, Chase M (2009) Molecular phylogenetics of Haemodoraceae in the Greater Cape and Southwest Australian Floristic Regions.Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution51(1): 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.11.015
- ↑ Hickman E (2019) Discovery through illustration – botanical art, traits and their phylogeny in the Haemodoraceae. PhD thesis, The University of Western Australia.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Pellegrini M (2019) Systematics of Commelinales focusing on Neotropical lineages. PhD thesis. Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- ↑ Hopper S, Smith R, Chase M, Fay M, Gutiérrez J, Hickman E, Manning J, Pellegrini M, Rourke J, Simpson M (in prep.) Near-complete taxon sampling for Haemodoraceae phylogenetics helps resolve enigmatic relationships in and between the Americas, South Africa, and Australia.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Simpson M (1990) Phylogeny and classification of the Haemodoraceae.Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden77(4): 722–784. [pl. XXI–XXIII.] https://doi.org/10.2307/2399670
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Simpson M (1993) Septal nectary anatomy and phylogeny in the Haemodoraceae.Systematic Botany18(4): 593–613. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419536