Pseudexechia trisignata (Kjaerandsen, Jostein 2009)
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Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Mycetophilidae
Genus: Pseudexechia
Name
Pseudexechia trisignata Edwards, 1913 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Pseudexechia trisignata Kjaerandsen, Jostein, 2009, Zootaxa 2056: 14-15.
Description
nec Pseudexechia trisignata; Sasakawa & Ishizaki 1999: 156, figs 23–25 Diagnostic characters. Rather similar to P. pectinacea and P. t u o m i k o s k i i, but can be distinguished by its overall dull brown coloration (with a distinct greyish dusting on dry specimens), and narrow pale bands on abdominal segments. Distinctive features of the male terminalia include a rather rounded hypandrial lobe with smoothly rounded corners; the ventral branch of gonostylus having an angular corner basodorsally, making the spatula broadest basally; and the smooth whitish tip of dorsal branch of gonostylus being evenly thick. Females are distinguished by the combination of coloration; having tergite VII widely but shallowly excavated posterodorsal, forming a rounded, weakly crenulated posterior margin with long, slender seta; and by having a truncated tip of sternite VIII. Description.Male (n = 5, except where otherwise stated). Total length 5.5–6.1, 5.8 (n= 10) mm. Wing length 4.1–4.18, 4.14 mm, or 3.2–3.49, 3.36 x as long as profemur. Antenna 1.86–2.1, 2.03 mm long. Coloration (specimen in alcohol). A dull brown species with a distinct greyish dusting; mesonotal stripes fused, hardly discernable, dark; humeral area dark, sometimes with small pale corner. Wings yellowish, with indistinct spot at base of posterior fork and greyish smoked towards tip. Legs pale with dark spots on coxae and femur. Abdomen dark with narrow to slightly triangular pale bands on tergite II–V, tergite VI extra dark; terminalia dark yellow. Head (Figs 4 A–D). Width / length to frontal tubercle 1.32–1.54, 1.43. First flagellomere 1.38–1.63, 1.52 times as long as second flagellomere. Second flagellomere 2–2.56, 2.28 times as long as wide. Median ocellus small but distinct, lateral ocellus touching compound eye. Length / width of clypeus 1.29–1.53, 1.39. Antepenultimate segment 0.14–0.15, 0.15 mm long, palpomere ratios 1: 1.29–1.52, 1.39: 2.24–2.52, 2.34. Thorax. Mesonotum length 1.14–1.22, 1.18 mm, or 0.28–0.29, 0.29 x as long as wing. Proepisternum with 1 (– 2) strong bristles. Wings (Fig. 3 A). Wing length to length of R 1 2.13–2.24, 2.18; wing length to length of R 5 1.67–1.69, 1.68. Length of r-m to length of M-petiole 1–1.31, 1.12. R 4 + 5 -bending index 1.6–1.8, 1.68. Fork length ratio 0.77–0.91, 0.85. Fork width ratio 0.76–0.96, 0.84. M-ratios 0.53–0.65, 0.61 and 0.6–0.73, 0.68. CuA-ratios 1.1–1.26, 1.21 and 1.6–1.76, 1.7. CuP length to length of wing 0.43–0.49, 0.46. A 1 length to length of wing 0.33–0.35, 0.34. Legs. Leg ratios given for fore, mid and hind leg: LR 1.06–1.14, 1.1: 0.81–0.88, 0.86: 0.69–0.72, 0.71; SV 1.62–1.75, 1.69: 1.96–2.16, 2.05: 2.39–2.47, 2.42; BV 1.62–1.7, 1.65: 2.11–2.22, 2.16: 3.24–3.47, 3.35; TR1.46–1.51, 1.49: 1.69–1.78, 1.73: 2.12–2.25, 2.19. Terminalia (Figs 6 A–C). Gonocoxite subsquare, with distinct condyles; sternal sclerite forming small, sclerotized, bifurcated plate. Hypandrial lobe subrectangular, with softly rounded apicolateral corner. Aedeagal guides subrectangular, apically pointed. Gonostylus medium sized; dorsal branch elongated, with obtuse, whitish tip; dorsointernal branch forming large, asymmetric, broad lamellate fan; medial branch present as large knob with three setae; ventral branch forming medium sized, strongly asymmetrical spatula, with angular basodorsal corner making the spatula broadest basally, ventrolaterad with 2–4 fan-tipped setae; internal branch forming large, striated cushion; anterior branch forming ventrally directed, subrectangular cushion. Tergite IX wide subrectangular, fused, with strong mesal suture. Pseudocercus long, setose. Cercus forming small knob, 1.44–1.69, 1.59 as long as wide in dorsal view. Hypoproct triangular, apiculate. Epiproct vestigial or absent. Female (n = 5, except where otherwise stated). Total length 5–6.4, 5.6 (n= 10) mm. Wing length 4.04–4.64, 4.4 mm, or 3.38–3.6, 3.49 x as long as profemur. Antenna 1.74–1.86, 1.8 mm long. Coloration. As in male except indistinct pale bands on abdomen and tergite VI not extra dark. Head. Width / length to frontal tubercle 1.48–1.64, 1.55. First flagellomere 1.38–1.75, 1.63 times as long as second flagellomere. Second flagellomere 2.26–2.67, 2.42 times as long as wide. Median ocellus small but distinct, lateral ocellus touching compound eye. Length / width of clypeus 1.19–1.4, 1.29. Antepenultimate segment 0.15–0.16, 0.15 mm long, palpomere ratios 1: 1.25–1.53, 1.39: 2.12–2.4, 2.24. Thorax. Mesonotum length 1.12–1.34, 1.22 mm, or 0.26–0.29, 0.28 x as long as wing. Proepisternum with 1 strong bristle. Wings. Wing length to length of R 1 2.06–2.34, 2.19; wing length to length of R 5 1.65–1.86, 1.71. Length of r-m to length of M-petiole 1.07–1.42, 1.19. R 4 + 5 -bending index 1.55–1.94, 1.74. Fork length ratio 0.88–0.9, 0.89. Fork width ratio 0.72–0.96, 0.85. M-ratios 0.58–0.64, 0.6 and 0.65–0.72, 0.68. CuA-ratios 1.05–1.22, 1.14 and 1.47–1.69, 1.57. CuP length to length of wing 0.42–0.46, 0.43. A 1 length to length of wing 0.3–0.38, 0.33. Legs. Leg ratios given for fore, mid and hind leg: LR 1.07–1.12, 1.09: 0.86–0.89, 0.87: 0.7–0.73, 0.72; SV 1.66–1.74, 1.71: 1.99–2.05, 2.01: 2.36–2.44, 2.39; BV 1.7–1.78, 1.74: 2.27–2.35, 2.31: 3.29–3.48, 3.39; TR1.48–1.58, 1.52: 1.77–1.89, 1.82: 2.2–2.37, 2.26. Terminalia (Fig. 6 D). Tergite VII widely but shallowly excavated dorsally, forming rounded, weakly crenulated posterior margin; apicolateral corner with nude area; setae along margin long, slender. Tergite VIII wide, subrectangular. Tergite IX fused with postgenital plate. Cercus one-segmented, long sinusoid with obtuse tip, 2.5–2.79, 2.63 as long as wide in lateral view. Postgenital plate (gonapophysis IX) elongated, with apiculate tip. Sternite VII subequal in length to tergite VII. Apex of sternite VIII truncated. Gonapophysis VIII weak, narrow.
Distribution
Distribution. Palaearctic, in Europe mainly western. The reported Eastern European (Krivosheina et al. 1986) and Eastern Palaearctic (Zaitzev 1999, 2003) distribution is questionable due to mixing with P. pectinacea.
Biology and Ecology
Biology. The records reared from soft gill fungi like Naucoria sp. and Galerina sp. (Chandler 1993) is yet to be confirmed due to possible mixing with P. tuomikoskii and P. pectinacea.
Materials Examined
Type material examined: Holotype male, UK, SCOTLAND: Beattock, 55 ° 18 ' 15 ''N, 3 ° 27 ' 9 ''W, undated (Marked BMNH (E) # 236695, Leg. C. G. Lamb) [BMNH, JKJ – SPM –005284]. Other material examined: NORWAY: HOI, Kvinnherad, Varaldsøy, in fissures close to a cave opening, 60 ° 6 ' 6 ''N, 6 ° 1 ' 17 ''E, 10 Mar 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 11 females, 5 males; Kvinnherad, Fugleberg, in man-made soapstone caves, 60 °0' 41 ''N, 5 ° 51 ' 24 ''E, 9 Mar 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 female; HOY, Bergen, Haukeland, in mine galleries, 12 Jan 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 3 females, 1 male; Sveio, Førde, Solheimshaugen, 27 Mar 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 female; Sveio, Førde, 10 Nov 1990 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 male; 1 Apr 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 6 females, 3 males; 12 Jan 1992 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 female; Bergen, Haukeland, in mine galleries, 60 ° 21 ' 16 ''N, 5 ° 27 ' 19 ''E, 21 Mar 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 female; Bergen, Riple, 60 ° 18 ' 51 ''N, 5 ° 26 ' 33 ''E, 12 Mar 1991, (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 male; 23 Apr 1991 (MZLU, Leg. J. Kjaerandsen) — 1 male; Bergen, Svartediket, 60 ° 23 ' 42 ''N, 5 ° 22 ' 44 ''E, 18 Apr 1988 (MZLU, Leg. G. E. E. Søli) — 1 male; MRI, Sunndal, Jordalsgrenda, Jordalsøra, Hamrene, 62 ° 46 ' 18 "N, 008° 19 ' 12 "E, 140 m a.s.l. (MZLU, Leg. J. B. Jordal), 26 Apr– 13May 2005 — 1 female; 13–31May 2005 — 1 female, 4 males; 25 Aug– 15Sep 2005 — 3 males; 15 Sep– 6Oct 2005 — 2 females, 7 males; 6–23Oct 2005 — 16 females, 34 males; 23 Oct– 11Nov 2005 — 19 females, 24 males; 11 Nov– 1Dec 2005 — 16 females, 28 males; 1 Dec 2005 – 1 Jan 2006 — 2 females, 8 males; 1 Jan– 1Feb 2006 — 3 females, 4 males; 1 Feb– 1Mar 2006 — 1 male; 1 Mar– 1Apr 2006 — 1 male; 1–26Apr 2006 — 5 females, 11 males; MRY, Aure, Ånes, Stølhaugen, 63 ° 16 ' 31 "N, 008° 27 ' 30 "E, 15 m a.s.l. (MZLU, Leg. F. Oldervik), 26 Apr– 13May 2006 — 1 male; 13–31May 2006 — 5 males; 31 May– 14Jun 2006 — 2 females, 5 males; 1 Dec 2006 – 1Jan 2007 — 5 females, 7 males; 1 Mar– 1Apr 2007 — 1 female, 3 males; NNV, Vågan, Rørvik, 68 ° 12 ' 19 ''N, 14 ° 14 ' 42 ''E, 27 Jun 1956 (MZLU, Leg. H. Andersson) — 1 male; STI, Oppdal, Kongsvoll, 62 ° 17 ' 40 "N, 009° 37 '04"E, 1060 m a.s.l., yellow pantrap no. 15–17 at forest limit w/birch & Salix, 8–11 Jul 1992 (MZLU, Leg. J. Skartveit) — 5 females, 1 male; SWEDEN: SK, Blentarp, Stampenbäcken, 55 ° 35 ' 53 ''N, 13 ° 33 ' 12 ''E, 28 Nov 1969 (MZLU, Leg. B. W. Svensson) — 1 female; TO, Kiruna, Abisko, 68 ° 21 ' 1 ''N, 18 ° 49 ' 50 ''E, 20–27 Oct 1975 (MZLU, Leg. K. Müller) — 2 males; 6–20Oct 1975 — 1 male; Kiruna, Abisko, Stordalen, 68 ° 21 ' 29 ''N, 18 ° 58 ' 51 ''E, 18–25 Sep 1975 (MZLU, Leg. K. Müller) — 1 male.
Taxon Treatment
- Kjaerandsen, Jostein; 2009: The genus Pseudexechia Tuomikoski re-characterized, with a review of European species (Diptera: Mycetophilidae), Zootaxa 2056: 14-15. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
