Polytrichophora conciliata
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Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Ephydridae
Genus: Polytrichophora
Name
Polytrichophora conciliata Cresson – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Polytrichophora conciliata Cresson 1924[1]: 161; 1942[2]: 114 [review of Nearctic fauna]. Johnson 1925[3]: 271 [list, Maine, Massachusetts]; 1930[4]: 153 [list, Massachusetts]. Wirth 1965[5]: 740 [Nearctic catalog]. Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995[6]: 184 [world catalog]. Mathis 1997b[7]: 39 [review, Belize].
Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.70-2.15 mm.
Head: Frons dull, heavily microtomentose, 2-toned, mostly tan with some faint golden reflections on posterior 2/3, anterior 1/3 (from level of fronto-orbital setae anteriad), gray. Antenna mostly yellow to yellowish orange, anterior portion of pedicel and basodorsal area of basal flagellomere with some blackish coloration; arista with 5 dorsal rays. Face at narrowest point about equal to combined length of pedicel and basal flagellomere; face densely microtomentose, microtomentum with shiny to pearly luster, mostly white but with considerable gold coloration in antennal grooves and extended laterally onto parafacial; parafacial not markedly differing from midfacies in color, more golden dorsally, becoming whiter ventrally; parafacial with slight to considerable ventral dilation, 2–3 times wider ventrally than dorsally; gena relatively short, less than 1/4 eye height; gena-to-eye ratio 0.10–0.16. Thorax: Mesonotum mostly dull, densely microtomentose, concolorous with posterior 2/3 of frons; pleural area blackish gray. Stout setae on apical half; anterior margin of wing lacking large, spine-like setae; costal vein ratio 0.45–0.55; M vein ratio 0.55–0.59. Forefemur lacking row of 9–10 short, stout setae along apical half of anteroventral surface; forefemur with posteroventral row of 7–10 short setulae, each equal to width of femur; tibiae mostly yellowish; basal tarsomeres yellow, apical 1–2 brown.
Abdomen: Tergites dull to subshiny, gray to blackish brown; tergites 1–4 bicolored, mostly blackish brown dorsally, gray lateroventrally; tergites 3–4 of male subequal, 4th not unusually longer, tergite 3 not produced ventrolaterally; dorsum of tergite 5 of male not darker than preceding tergites and usually with distinct, semicircular, grayish areas laterally; tergite 5 of male in dorsal view relatively blunt, somewhat truncate, bearing row of 6–10, distinctly larger setae subapically toward posterior margin with posterodorsal orientation; tergite 5 of male also gray on posterior 1/2–1/3; sternites 3–4 of male with dense row of setulae along posterior margin; sternite 5 as 2 subtriangular sternites. Male terminalia (Figs 48–51): Epandrium connected dorsally above cerci (Fig. 48), evenly setulose, in posterior view (Fig. 48) with dorsal 2/3 rectangular with rounded corners, ventral 1/3 distinctly narrowed, elongate, tapered ventrally to an acute point; ventral third of epandrium in lateral view (Fig. 49) shallowly curved anteriorly, apical 1/3 of ventral extension slightly expanded, narrowly spatulate, apex bluntly rounded; cerci large, prominent in lateral view; aedeagus complex with distinct basiphallus and twisted and curved distiphallus, apex of distiphallus (Figs 50–51) with elongate, parallel-sided, narrow projection; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 51) rod-like, sinuous, keel shallowly developed, evident only toward end extended to hypandrium, in ventral view (Fig. 50) slightly contorted asymmetrically; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 51) elongate, narrow, parallel sided, conspicuously sinuous, almost S-shaped, in ventral view (Fig. 50) asymmetrically developed with extended flanges differing in shape; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 51) relatively short, in ventral view (Fig. 50) broadly H-shaped.
Type material
The holotype male is labeled “Wildwood[,]N[ew]J[ersey][,] VII, 18, 1908 [18 Jul 1908]/♂/TYPE No. 6293 [magenta; number handwritten]/TYPE Polytrichophora CONCILIATA E.T.Cresson,Jr. [magenta; species name handwritten].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten pin in rectangular card block), is in good condition, and is deposited in the ANSP (6293).
Type locality
United States. New Jersey. Cape May: Wildwood (39°0.4'N, 74°47.5'W).
Other specimens examined. UNITED STATES. ALABAMA. Mobile: Coden (30°23'N, 88°14'W), 12 May 1993, D. and W. N. Mathis (8♂, 12♀; USNM); Dauphin Island (30°15'N, 88°11'W), 12 May 1993, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 2♀; USNM).
DELAWARE. Kent: Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge (Raymond Pool; 39°15.6'N, 75°28.2'W), 18 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂, 2♀; USNM); Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge (Shearness Pool; 39°16.2'N, 75°28.1'W), 18 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (7♂, 1♀; USNM); Port Mahon (39°11.4'N, 75°23.9'W; beach), 19 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (12♂, 8♀; USNM); Woodland Beach (39°19.9'N, 75°28.3'W; beach), 18 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (5♂, 1♀; USNM). Sussex: Dewey Beach (38°41.5'N, 75°05.5'W), 27 Aug 1972, L. V. Knutson (1♀; USNM); Lewes Angola Neck Park (38°40.3'N, 75°09.1'W), 21 Sep 2007, G. A. Foster, A. M. Welch (2♀; USNM); Rehoboth Bay, Lynch Thicket (38°37.6'N, 75°05.6'W), 6 Sep 2007, G. A. Foster, A. M. Welch (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Indian River Inlet (38°36.9'N, 75°04.3'W), 17 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (12♂, 3♀; USNM); Lewes, Delaware Bay, Roosevelt Inlet (38°47'N, 75°08'W), 29 May 1992, H. B. Williams (1♂, 3♀; USNM); Lewes-Rehoboth Canal (38°47'N, 75°08'W), 29 May 1992, H. B. Williams (10♂, 9♀; USNM).
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Kenilworth Park (38°55'N, 76°57'W), 31 May-1 Jun 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; USNM); Theodore Roosevelt Island (38°53.7'N, 77°03.7'W), 5-19 May 1991, H. Robinson (6♂, 2♀; USNM).
FLORIDA. Brevard: Cape Canaveral causeway (28°24.3'N, 80°38.6'W), 18 Jan 2009, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Monroe: Big Pine Key, Long Beach (24°38.1'N, 81°21.6'W), 11 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (21♂, 1♀; USNM); Layton (Long Key; 24°49.9'N, 80°48.3'W), 10 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 4♀; USNM); Lower Matecumbe Key (24°51.4'N, 80°43.7'W), 10 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♀; USNM); Sugarloaf Key (24°38.6'N, 81°30.9'W), 11 Feb 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Miami-Dade: Key Largo (25°05.2'N, 80°26.8'W)), 25 Jan 1932, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP). St. Johns: Crescent Beach (1.6 km W; 29°46.1'N, 81°15.2'W), 26 Mar-10 Apr 1984, B. A. Foote (2♂, 5♀; CMNH). Wakulla: Panacea (1.6 km E; 30°02.2'N, 84°23.3'W), 16 Apr 1989, B. A. Foote (1♂, 1♀; CMNH).
GEORGIA. Chatham: Savannah (32°05'N, 81°06'W), 25 Aug 1958, H. R. Dodge (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Tybee Island (32°0'N, 80°50.7'W), 20 Apr 1911 (2♀; ANSP). Glynn: St. Simon Island (31°13'N, 81°22.3'W), 22 Apr-12 May 1911, J. C. Bradley (2♂, 2♀; ANSP). Liberty: St. Catherines Island (31°42.3'N, 81°16.2'W), 21-23 Apr 1978, R. W. Matthews, A. Hook, J. Krispyn (1♀; USNM).
LOUISIANA. Liberia: Cypremort Point State Park (29°44.5'N, 91°51.3'W; beach), 7 Jun 2004, W. N. Mathis (14♂, 2♀; USNM).
MAINE. Washington: Machias (44°42.9'N, 67°27.7'W), Jul 1917 (1♀; ANSP).
MARYLAND. Anne Arundel: Edgewater (6 km S; 38°53'N, 76°33'W; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center), 4 Aug 1994, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 1♀; USNM). Baltimore: Baltimore (39°17.4'N, 76°36.7'W), 16 May 1938, E. G. Fisher (1♀; ANSP). Calvert: Calvert Beach (38°27.9'N, 76°28.6'W), 17 Sep 1989, J. M. Hill, W. E. Steiner, J. M. Swearingen (1♀; USNM); Scientists Cliffs (38°31'N, 76°30.8'W), 2 Jun 1977, W. N. Mathis (5♂, 34♀; USNM). Kent: East Neck Island (39°05.4'N, 76°13.4'W), 24 Apr 1938, E. G. Fisher (2♂, 4♀; ANSP). Queen Anne'S: Kent Narrows (38°58.1'N, 76°14.3'W), Jul 1954, M. R. Wheeler (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Worcester: North Ocean City (38°23'N, 75°03'W), 24-25 Jul 1993, W. E. Steiner (1♀; USNM).
MASSACHUSETTS. Dukes: Muskeget Island (41°20.1'N, 70°18'W), 14 Jul 1927, W. S. (1♀; ANSP). Barnstable: Wellfleet (41°56.1'N, 70°01.6'W), 29 Jun 1930, A. L. Melander (1♀; ANSP).
MICHIGAN. Wayne: Detroit (42°19.9'N, 83°02.7'W), 27 Apr 1938, G. C. Steyskal (1♀; ANSP).
MISSISSIPPI. Issaquena: Mahannah Wildlife Area (32°32.9'N, 90°52.4'W; 13 m), 9 Jun 2004, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Jackson: Gravel Pit near highway 90 (30°25'N, 88°48'W; clay bank), 9 Jun 1962, D. L. Deonier (2♂, 2♀; USNM); Ocean Springs, Marsh Point, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (30°23.6'N, 88°47.8'W), 5-6 Jun 1962, D. L. Deonier (10♂, 17♀; USNM).
NEW JERSEY. Atlantic:Absecon (39°24.9'N, 74°29.6'W), 26 Sep 2003, D. and W. N. Mathis (5♂, 2♀; USNM). Cape May: Avalon (39°06.1'N, 74°43'W), 8 Aug 1909 (1♀; ANSP); Stone Harbor (39°02'N, 74°45.5'W), 17 Jul 1910 (1♂; ANSP); Wildwood (39°0.4'N, 74°47.5'W), 18 Jul 1908, E. T. Cresson, Jr. (2♂, 5♀; ANSP).
NEW YORK. Kings: Sheepshead Bay (40°35'N, 73°55.8'W), 3 Jun 1904 (1♀; ANSP). Nassau: Oak Island (40°37.7'N, 73°21.9'W), Jul (2♀; ANSP). Suffolk: Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island (40°52.3'N, 73°27.4'W), Aug, A. L. Melander (1♂, 2♀; ANSP). NORTH CAROLINA. Hanover: Wilmington, Cape Fear River (33°53.1'N, 78°0.8'W), 23 Apr 1985, M. W. LaSalle (5♂, 3♀; USNM).
OHIO. Lake: Mentor Marsh (41°43.7'N, 81°19.3'W), 16 Jun 1976, D. L. Deonier (2♂, 2♀; USNM).
SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston: McClellanville (Wedge Plantation; 11.25 km NE; 33°10.2'N, 79°24.2'W), 3 Apr 1970, K. W. Simpson (1♂; USNM).
TEXAS. Galveston: Gilchrist (5 km N; 29°30'N, 94°25'W), 14 May 1993, D. and W. N. Mathis (12♂, 6♀; USNM).
VIRGINIA. Accomack: Assateague Island, near Refuge headquarters (37°54.5'N, 75°21.6'W), 24 Jun-3 Oct 1967, 2005, D. and W. N. Mathis, G. C. Steyskal (3♂, 2♀; USNM); Assateague Island, Toms Cove (37°53.3'N, 75°20.6'W), 20 Sep-4 Oct 2005, 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (16♂, 2♀; USNM); Assateague Island, Toms Cove (37°53.1'N, 75°20.7'W), 15 Jun 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (9♂, 3♀; USNM); Assateague Island, wildlife loop (37°54.6'N, 75°21.1'W), 15 Jun-20 Sep 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (13♂; USNM); Chincoteague (37°55.4'N, 75°21.2'W), 15 Jun-20 Sep 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (10♂, 1♀; USNM); Chincoteague (causeway; 37°56.1'N, 75°25.2'W), 16 Jun-19 Sep 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (16♂, 3♀; USNM); Wallops Island (37°51.1'N, 75°28.3'W), 29 May 1913, W. L. McAtee (1♂; ANSP). Essex: Tappahannock (37°55.8'N, 76°51.4'W; Rappahannock River), 27 Apr 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Lancaster: Belle Isle State Park (Humphreys Picnic area; 37°46.4'N, 76°35.6'W; Rappahannock River), 28 Apr 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (11♂, 2♀; USNM); Belle Isle State Park (Watch House; 37°46.4'N, 76°36.1'W; Rappahannock River), 28 Apr 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM). Northampton: Kiptopeke (37°10'N, 75°59.1'W), 2-6 Oct 1986, 1987, J. M. Hill, W. E. Steiner (12♂, 3♀; USNM); Oyster (37°17.2'N, 75°55.4'W), 14 Jun 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (10♂, 3♀; USNM); Portsmouth (36°50.1'N, 76°17.5'W), 29 Jun 1939, A. L. Melander (1♀; USNM). Richmond: Warsaw (37°57.4'N, 76°45.6'W), 26 Jul 1952, W. W. Wirth (1♀; USNM). Smyth: Saltville (36°52.9'N, 81°45.7'W), 4 May 1962, W. W. Wirth (1♀; USNM); Saltville (36°52.3'N, 81°46.4'W; 521 m), 22 Jun-24 Sep 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). Spotsylvania: Rappahannock River (38°18.8'N, 77°32.5'W), 15 Apr 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Stafford: Aquia Harbour (38°27.9'N, 77°23.3'W), 15 May 2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Aquia Harbour, Aquia Creek (38°27.8'N, 77°23.1'W), 12 Apr 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♀; USNM); Aquia Harbour, Lions Park (38°27'N, 77°23.3'W), 4 Jul-4 Nov 2005, 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂, 2♀; USNM); Aquia Landing (38°23.2'N, 77°19'W), 14 Apr-5 Nov 2005, 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (10♂, 2♀; USNM); Falmouth (38°19.2'N, 77°28.1'W; Rappahannock River; 9 m), 30 Jun 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Westmoreland: Colonial Beach (38°14.9'N, 76°57.6'W; Potomac River), 8 Jun 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; USNM). York: York River (37°14.5'N, 76°31.2'W), 21 May 1938, E. G. Fisher (2♂, 1♀; ANSP). Independent City: Fredericksburg (Rappahannock River; 38°18.3'N, 77°27.5'W), 14 Apr 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (8♂, 2♀; USNM).
Distribution
(Fig. 52). Nearctic: United States (Alabama, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia).
Remarks
This species is similar to Polytrichophora adarca and Polytrichophora marinoniorum in having a row of short setulae along the anteroventral surface of the forefemur and subtlety differs from these two species in structures of the male terminalia, especially the ventral processes of the epandrium (perhaps equaling fused surstylus). Although there is some variation in the shape of these processes, males from the Atlantic coast of the United States have the apex in lateral view slightly enlarged apically (Fig. 49).
Taxon Treatment
- Mathis, W; Zatwarnicki, T; 2012: A revision of the new world species of Polytrichophora Cresson and Facitrichophora, new genus (Diptera, Ephydridae) ZooKeys, 231: 1-116. doi
Other References
- ↑ Cresson E (1924) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper VI. Entomological News 35 (5): 159-164.
- ↑ Cresson E (1942) Synopses of North American Ephydridae (Diptera) I. The subfamily Psilopinae, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 68: 101-128.
- ↑ Johnson C (1925) List of the Diptera or two-winged flies. In: Fauna of New England, 15. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History 7: 1-326.
- ↑ Johnson C (1930) A list of the insect fauna of Nantucket, Massachusetts. The Nantucket Maria Mitchell Association 3(2): 1-159+xviii.
- ↑ Wirth W (1965) Ephydridae. In: Stone A Sabrosky C Wirth W Foote R Coulson J (Eds). A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Handbook 276: 1696 pp. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C: 734-759.
- ↑ Mathis W, Zatwarnicki T (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International 4, vi+423 pp.
- ↑ Mathis W (1997b) The shore flies of the Belizean Cays (Diptera: Ephydridae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 592: vi+1–77. doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.592
Images
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![Figures 48–51. Illustration of Polytrichophora conciliata Cresson (male) (Florida. Lee Co., Ft. Myers Beach). 48 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 49 same, lateral view 50 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 51 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.](/wiki/File:ZooKeys-231-001-g019.jpg)
