Ophiocoma echinata
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Ordo: Ophiurida
Familia: Ophiocomidae
Genus: Ophiocoma
Name
Ophiocoma echinata (Lamarck, 1816) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Description
Disk circular to pentagonal (dd = 3.06 to 16.68 mm). Uniformly covered by small granules (Fig. 11a), which are smaller in central region than in marginal region. These granules occupy a v-shaped area on the ventral interradius (Fig. 11b). In the areas without granules there are large and imbricating scales. Bursal slits enlarged, with well developed genital scales in margins (Fig. 11b). Oral shields large and rectangular, proximal margin slightly rounded (Fig. 11c). Adoral shields small, almost totally covered by oral shield. Four oral papillae on each side of jaw angle (Fig. 11c). Two proximal papillae slightly cylindrical and subequal, two distal papillae longer and broader. Cluster of well developed dental papillae on apex of jaw (Fig. 11c). Dorsal arm plate longer than wide, fan-shaped (Fig. 11d). Ventral arm plate longer than wide, octogonal, with distal margin slightly convex (Fig. 11e). Two tentacle scales, internal one slightly larger than external one. Three or four arm spines alternating on arm segments. Dorsal spine longer and broader (bottle-shaped) (Fig. 11d), median ones of equal size and ventral one smaller and slightly flattened.
Distribution
Bermuda, Florida and the islands off southern Florida, the Bahamas, the Antilles, the Mexican Caribbean, Belize, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil (Lyman 1865[1], H.L. Clark 1933[2], Hendler et al. 1995[3], Durán-Gonzáles et al. 2005[4], Alvarado et al. 2008[5]). In Brazil from Ceará (Albuquerque 1986[6]), Paraíba (Rathbun 1879[7]), Pernambuco (Tommasi 1970[8]), Alagoas (Miranda et al. 2012[9]), Bahia (Tommasi 1970[8]), and Rio de Janeiro (Manso 1993[10]). Intertidal to 24m. Recorded herein between 10 and 34m.
Remarks
This species has diurnal habits. It lives in reef zones, seagrass beds, mangroves, being particularly abundant under rocks (Hendler et al. 1995[11]). It is frequently recorded together with Ophiocoma pumila Lütken, 1856, Ophiocoma wendtii and Ophioderma appressa, although it has an agressive defensive reaction and competes for space with Ophiocoma wendtii (Side and Woodley 1985[12]).
Taxon Treatment
- Gondim, A; Alonso, C; Dias, T; Manso, C; Christoffersen, M; 2013: A taxonomic guide to the brittle-stars (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the State of Paraíba continental shelf, Northeastern Brazil ZooKeys, 307: 45-96. doi
Other References
- ↑ Lyman T (1865) Ophiuridae and Astrophytidae. Illustrated catalogue of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, at Harvard College, Vol. 1, 200pp.
- ↑ Clark H (1933) A handbook of the littoral echinoderms of Porto Rico and other West Indian Islands. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands 16: 1-147.
- ↑ Gondim A, Dias T, Manso C (2012) Updated morphological description of Asteroporpa (Asteroporpa) annulata (Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) from the Brazilian coast, with notes on the geographic distribution of the subgenus. Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografia 47: 141-146. doi: 10.4067/S0718-19572012000100013
- ↑ Durán-González A, Laguarda-Figueras A, Solís-Marín F, Sánchez B, Ahearn C, Torres-Vega J (2005) Echinoderms (Echinodermata) from the Mexican waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical 53: 53-68.
- ↑ Alvarado J, Solís-Marin F, Ahearn C (2008) Echinoderms (Echinodermata) from Central America Caribbean. Revista de Biologia Tropical 56: 37-55.
- ↑ Albuquerque M (1986) Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840 (Echinodermata) da plataforma continental do norte e nordeste brasileiro. PhD thesis, São Paulo: University of São Paulo.
- ↑ Rathbun R (1879) A list of the Brazilian echinoderms, with notes on their distribution. Transactions Academy of Arts and Science 5: 139-158.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Tommasi L (1970) Os ofiuróides recentes do Brasil e de regiões vizinhas. Contribuições do Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo Série Oceanografia Biológica 20: 1–146. doi: 10.1590/S0373-55241971000100001
- ↑ Miranda A, Lima M, Sovierzoski H, Correia M (2012) Inventory of the Echinodermata collection from the Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Biota Neotropica 12: 136-146. doi: 10.1590/S1676-06032012000200014
- ↑ Manso C (1993) Ofiuróides da Plataforma Brasileira. Parte II: Norte do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Estado do Espírito Santo, Sul do Estado da Bahia e Bancos Royal Charlotte, Hostpur e Davis (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 35: 189-195.
- ↑ Hendler G, Miller J, Pawson D, Kier P (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp.
- ↑ Side E, Woodley J (1985) Niche separation in three species of Ophiocoma (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) in Jamaica, West Indies. Bulletin of Marine Science 36: 701-715.
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