Lepidonotus carinulatus
| Notice: | This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions.
If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale):
Citation formats to copy and paste
BibTeX: @article{De2015ZooKeys, RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="De2015ZooKeys">{{Citation See also the citation download page at the journal. |
Ordo: Phyllodocida
Familia: Polynoidae
Genus: Lepidonotus
Name
Lepidonotus carinulatus Grube, 1869 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Polynoe (Lepidonotus) carinulata — Grube 1869[1]; Grube 1878[2]: 26–27, pl. 3: figs 2–2 b.
- Lepidonotus carinulatus.—Willey 1905[3]: 248–249, pl. 1: figs 7–11, Fauvel 1911[4]: fig. 1, 1918[5], 1919a[6], Augener 1922[7]: figures 3–3b, Seidler 1923[8], Fauvel 1933[9], Wesenberg-Lund 1949[10], Fauvel 1955[11], Mohammad 1971[12], Day 1975[13]: figs 2 g–k, Amoureux et al. 1978[14], Hanley and Burke 1991[15]: fig 20, Imajima 1997[16]: figs 45–46, Rasheed and Mustaquim 2003[17]: figs 7–8, Barnich et al. 2004[18].
- Lepidonotus tenuisetosus. — Mohammad 1971[12]: 288, Gravier 1902[19].
Diagnosis
With two nuchal nodules and without nuchal folds; black pigmentation on antennae, cirrophores and tentaculophores; elytra with dark pigmentation; elytral surface reticulate, with oval to rounded macro- and microtubercles, anterior ones flattened, smooth or carinate, central and posterolateral ones warty; margin with fringing papillae; neurochaetae bidentate.
Description
Body elongated, flattened dorsoventrally, subrectangular in cross-section; 2 mm in length, including palps and pygidial cirri; 26 chaetigerous segments, and pygidium (Figure 2a–b). Prostomium bilobed, rounded to hexagonal, lateral antenna with terminal insertion (Figure 3a). Two pairs of eyes; anterior pair dorsolateral, near widest portion of prostomium, posterior pair near posterior end of prostomium, converging towards midline, buccal segment without nuchal fold, but with pair of nuchal nodules (Figure 3a–b). Median and lateral antennae, tentacular and dorsal cirri with two dark rings (Figure 2a), both having subdistal swelling, culminating abruptly in sharp point; ceratophores cylindrical, median antenna larger than lateral antennae. Pair of palps, slightly smaller than median antenna, culminating in thin point, with 8 longitudinal rows of papillae. Tentacular segment with two pairs of cylindrical tentaculophores, with three prostomial chaetae on anterodorsal bases. Buccal cirri larger than ventral cirri, with cylindrical cirrophores. Pharynx with nine pairs of papillae and two pairs of maxillae. Facial tubercle present. Dorsal cirri with same coloration as median antenna, larger than ventral cirri, with cylindrical cirrophores.
Parapodia biramous (Figure 3b), prechaetal lobe quadrate or subtriangular, postchaetal lobe short and subtriangular, both with acicula; short notopodia on anterodorsal side of neuropodia. Notochaetae spinous, superior row slender, serrated on convex side (Figure 3c). Neuropodia large, truncate, distally cleft with prechaetal lobe slightly longer than poschaetal lobe. Neurochaetae stouter than notochaetae, falcate, subdistally thickened, with several rows of spines, distal spines usually much larger than basal ones, and bidentate tips with small secondary tooth (Figure 3d).
Twelve pairs of elytra, covering dorsum entirely, with dark-brown pigmentation; pairs until last chaetiger segment following order: 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 and 23; long papillae along external edge. First three pairs of elytrae more ornate, with tubercles (Figure 3e); on 11th and 12th pair with ornamentation similar to that in first pair. Most carinate macrotubercles in central region (Figure 3f–g), surrounded by microtubercles (Figure 3h); after 4th or 5th pair (Figure 3i), small warty tubercles give impression of smooth elytra (Figure 3j).
Nephridial papillae starting from chaetiger 7, with peduncular aspect. Short ventral cirri with thin tip; pair of long anal cirri with same coloration as median antenna; dorsal anus in last chaetiger segment (Figure 2b).
Habitat
Recorded between the intertidal and 60 m; elsewhere reported down to 200 m (Hartmann-Schröder and Hartmann 1991[20], Wehe 2006[21]).
Syntype
ZMB 1071.
Type locality
Bohol, Philippines.
Distribution
Red Sea, Arabian Sea: Socotra Archipelago, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Gulf. Elsewhere: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Philippines, Hong Kong, South China Sea, Australia, New Caledonia, Japan (Willey 1905[3], Fauvel 1953[22], Hanley and Burke 1991[15], Hanley 1992[23], Imajima 1997[16], Barnich et al. 2004[18]).
New records: Coast of Paraíba, Brazil: Pedra da Galé, Pitimbú (07°28'17"S, 34°47'26"W), POLY–UFPB 1501; Rio Mamanguape (06°48'44"S, 34°54'48"W), POLY–UFPB 1502, 1503.
Remarks
Zenetos et al. (2010)[24] assigned Lepidonotus carinulatus as an exotic species with an origin in the Indo-Pacific/Red Sea. Its establishment success in the Mediterranean is questionable, because its description, based on local specimens, was insufficient. It is an exotic species in Brazilian waters with casual establishment success; because only the present records are known, it is presumed to be non-established in the Mediterranean area (Zenetos et al. 2010[24]).
Taxon Treatment
- De Assis, J; de Brito, R; Christoffersen, M; de Souza, J; 2015: A catalogue of the scaleworm genus Lepidonotus (Polynoidae, Polychaeta) from South America, with two new records for Brazilian waters ZooKeys, (533): 63-98. doi
Images
|
Other References
- ↑ Grube E (1869) Beschreibungen neuer oder weniger bekannter von Hrn. Ehrenberg gesammelter Anneliden des rothen Meeres. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin aus dem Jahre 1869: 484–521. [imprinted year 1870, but published in 1869 acc. to The Zoological Record 1870 (vol. 6) for the year 1869]
- ↑ Grube A (1878) Annulata Semperiana. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Anneliden-fauna der Philippinen nach den von Hernn Prof. Semper mitgebrachten Sammlungen. Mémoires de l‘ Academie Imperialede Saint Petersburg Series 7 25: 1–300.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Willey A (1905) Report on the Polychaeta collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries Supplementary Reports 30: 243–324.
- ↑ Fauvel P (1911) Annélides polychètes du Golfe Persique recueillis par M. M. Bogoyawlewsky. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Génerale 5(6): 353–439.
- ↑ Fauvel P (1918) Annélides polychètes des côtes d’Arabie récoltées par M. Ch. Pérez. Bulletin du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle 24(5): 329–344.
- ↑ Fauvel P (1919a) Annélides polychètes de Madagascar, de Djibouti et du Golfe Persique. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Génerale 58(347): 315–473.
- ↑ Augener H (1922) Revision der australischen Polychaeten-Typen von Kinberg. Arkiv för Zoologi 14(8): 1–42.
- ↑ Seidler H (1923) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Polynoiden I. Archiv für Naturgeschichte 89(Abt. A/11): 1–217.
- ↑ Fauvel P (1933) Annélides polychètes du Golfe du Pei Tcheu Ly de la collection du Musée Hoangho Pai-ho.Récoltées par le R. P. Leroy, S. J. et le R. P. Licent S. J. Publications du Musée Hoangho Paiho de TienTsin 15: 1–67.
- ↑ Wesenberg-Lund E (1949) Polychaetes of the Iranian Gulf. In: Jessen K Spärck R (Eds) Danish scientific investigations in Iran 4: 247–400.
- ↑ Fauvel P (1955) Résultats scientifiques des campagnes de la “Calypso”. I. Campagne en Mer Rouge (1951–1952). Annales de l’Institute Océanographique Paris 30: 100–120.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Mohammad M (1971) Intertidal polychaetes from Kuwait Arabian Gulf, with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Zoology London 163: 285–303. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1971.tb04536.x
- ↑ Day J (1975) On a collection of Polychaeta from intertidal and shallow reefs near Perth, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 3(3): 167–208.
- ↑ Amoureux L, Rullier F, Fishelson L (1978) Systématique et écologie d’annélides polychètes de la Presqu’il du Sinai. Israel Journal of Zoology 27: 57–163.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Hanley J, Burke M (1991) Polychaeta Polynoidae: Scaleworms of the Chesterfield Island and Fairways Reefs, Coral Sea. Mémoires du Muséum National d‘Histoire Naturelle Series A 151: 9–82.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Imajima M (1997) Polychaetous annelids from Sagami Bay and Sagami Sea collected by the emperor Showa of Japan and deposited at the Showa Memorial Institute, National Science Museum, Tokyo. Families Polynoidae and Acoetidae. National Science Museum Monographs 13: 1–131.
- ↑ Rasheed S, Mustaquim J (2003) Scale bearing worms (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the family Polynoidae from the coastal waters of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Marine Sciences 12: 49–82.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Barnich R, Fiege D, Sun R (2004) Polychaeta (Annelida) of Hainan Island, South China Sea. Part III. Aphroditoidea. Species Diversity 9: 285–329.
- ↑ Gravier C (1902) Contribution à l’ étude des annélides polychètes de la Mer Rouge. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d’ Histoire Naturelle de Paris Series 4 3: 147–268.
- ↑ Hartmann-Schröder G, Hartmann G (1991) Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Küsten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Teil 16. Die Polychaeten der subtropisch-tropischen bis tropischen Ostküste Australiens zwischen Maclean (New South Wales) und Gladstone (Queensland) sowie von Heron Island (Großes Barriere Riff). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut 88: 17–71.
- ↑ Wehe T (2006) Revision of scale worms (Polychaeta: Aphroditoidea) occurring in the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula, Part 1. Polynoidae. Fauna of Arabia 22: 23–197.
- ↑ Fauvel P (1953) Annelida Polychaeta. In: Seymour-Sewell R (Ed.) The fauna of British India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. Indian, Allahabad, 480–507.
- ↑ Hanley J (1992) Checklist of scaleworms (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from Hong Kong. In: Morton B (Ed.) The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China III. Volume 1. Proceedings of the Fourth International Marine Biological Workshop: The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China, Hong Kong, 11–29 April 1989. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong, 361–369.
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 Zenetos A, Verlaque M, Gofas S, Çinar M, Garcia Raso E, Azzuro E, Bilecenoglu M, Froglia C, Siokou I, Bianchi C, Morri C, Sfriso A, San Martin G, Giangrande A, Katagan T, Ballesteros E, Ramos Espla A, Mastrototaro F, Ocana O, Zingone A, Cantone G, Gambi M, Streftaris N (2010) Alien species in the Mediterranean MSFD areas by 2010. Part 1. Spatial distribution. Mediterranean Marine Science 11: 381–493. doi: 10.12681/mms.87
