Ircinia variabilis

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Manconi R, Cadeddu B, Ledda F, Pronzato R (2013) An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae). ZooKeys 281 : 1–68, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2013-03-28, version 32830, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Ircinia_variabilis&oldid=32830 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

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BibTeX:

@article{Manconi2013ZooKeys281,
author = {Manconi, Renata AND Cadeddu, Barbara AND Ledda, Fabio AND Pronzato, Roberto},
journal = {ZooKeys},
publisher = {Pensoft Publishers},
title = {An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae)},
year = {2013},
volume = {281},
issue = {},
pages = {1--68},
doi = {10.3897/zookeys.281.4171},
url = {http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/4171/abstract},
note = {Versioned wiki page: 2013-03-28, version 32830, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Ircinia_variabilis&oldid=32830 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.}

}

RIS/ Endnote:

TY - JOUR
T1 - An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae)
A1 - Manconi R
A1 - Cadeddu B
A1 - Ledda F
A1 - Pronzato R
Y1 - 2013
JF - ZooKeys
JA -
VL - 281
IS -
UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.281.4171
SP - 1
EP - 68
PB - Pensoft Publishers
M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2013-03-28, version 32830, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Ircinia_variabilis&oldid=32830 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.

M3 - doi:10.3897/zookeys.281.4171

Wikipedia/ Citizendium:

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| author = Manconi R, Cadeddu B, Ledda F, Pronzato R
| title = An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae)
| journal = ZooKeys
| year = 2013
| volume = 281
| issue =
| pages = 1--68
| pmid =
| publisher = Pensoft Publishers
| doi = 10.3897/zookeys.281.4171
| url = http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/4171/abstract
| pmc =
| accessdate = 2024-12-18

}} Versioned wiki page: 2013-03-28, version 32830, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Ircinia_variabilis&oldid=32830 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.</ref>

See also the citation download page at the journal.


Taxonavigation

Ordo: Dictyoceratida
Familia: Irciniidae
Genus: Ircinia

Name

Ircinia variabilis (Schmidt, 1862) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

Description

Growth form massive up to 20–25 cm in height and diameter. Colour also notably variable: from light or dark grey, to light or dark brown and light or dark violet. Consistency elastic and strong. Dimension and density of conules variable, not representing a valid diagnostic character. Oscules arranged in disorder. Skeleton network of primary (150–250 µm) fibres cored by opaque foreign materials supporting conules at their apices; secondary fibres mostly free of inclusions, and highly variable in diameter (10–200 µm).

Habitat

Cave, coralligenous community, detritic and rocky bottom, Posidonia oceanica meadow, lagoon, epibiotic on Pinna nobilis. Bathymetric range 0–450 m.

Mediterranean caves

Blava, Blue, Meda Petita, Petita de la Vaca caves (Balearic Sea); Galatea*, Falco*, Bisbe* caves (Sardinian Sea); Niolon Cave (Gulf of Lions); Punta Manara, Western-Bonassola caves (Ligurian Sea); Azzurra, Isolotto, Giannutri, Ponza, Monte Vico, Mago, Secca delle Formiche-Vivara, Misteri, Scraio-Vico Equense, Mitigliano caves (Central Tyrrhenian Sea); Maratea, Azzurra, Leone caves (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea); Taccio Vecchio 1 Cave-Lampedusa* (Sicily Channel); Castro Marina, Porto Cesareo, Mazzere*, Gymnasium* caves (Ionian Sea); Croatian, Vrbnik-Krk, Columbera caves (Northern Adriatic Sea); Pagliai, Viole, Bue Marino, Regina, Torre Incine, Piccolo Ciolo, Marinella, Principessa caves (Southern Adriatic Sea); Gournia Cave (Crete, Aegean Sea) (Vacelet 1959[1]; Sarà 1962[2], 1964a[3]; Labate 1965[4]; Pulitzer-Finali and Pronzato 1976[5], 1980[6]; Pansini et al. 1977[7]; Pulitzer-Finali 1977[8]; Pansini and Pronzato 1982[9]; Bibiloni et al. 1984a[10], b[11]; Balduzzi et al. 1989[12]; Corriero et al. 2000[13], 2004[14]; Arko-Pjevac et al. 2001[15]; Martì et al. 2004[16]; Bussotti et al. 2006[17]; Faresi et al. 2006[18]; Turon et al. 2009[19]; Pronzato and Manconi 2011[20]; Bakran-Petricioli et al. 2012[21]; Cadeddu 2012[22]).

Taxon Treatment

  • Manconi, R; Cadeddu, B; Ledda, F; Pronzato, R; 2013: An overview of the Mediterranean cave-dwelling horny sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) ZooKeys, 281: 1-68. doi

Images

Figure 19 Ircinia variabilis. a–c wide array of growth forms in different specimen d skeletal spongin network of primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (LM) e skeletal spongin network of primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (SEM) f magnification of a filament at the terminal knob; g, h regularly and finely sandy sponge surface. d) modified from Pronzato et al. (2004)[23].
Figure 19 Ircinia variabilis. a–c wide array of growth forms in different specimen d skeletal spongin network of primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (LM) e skeletal spongin network of primary and secondary fibres, and filaments (SEM) f magnification of a filament at the terminal knob; g, h regularly and finely sandy sponge surface. d) modified from Pronzato et al. (2004)[23]. 

Other References

  1. ↑ Vacelet J (1959) Répartition générale des éponges et systématique des éponges cornées de la région de Marseille et de quelque station Méditerranée. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, Marseille 26 (16): 1-101.
  2. ↑ Sarà M (1962) Distribuzione ed ecologia dei Poriferi in acque superficiali del Golfo di Policastro (Mar Tirreno). Annali del Pontificio Istituto Superiore di Scienze e Lettere S. Chiara 12: 191-215.
  3. ↑ Sarà M (1964a) Distribuzione ed ecologia dei Poriferi in acque superficiali della Riviera ligure di Levante. Archivio Zoologico Italiano 49: 181-248.
  4. ↑ Labate M (1965) Ecologia dei Poriferi della Grotta della Regina. Italian Journal of Zoology 32 (1): 541-553.
  5. ↑ Pulitzer-Finali G, Pronzato R (1976) Report on a collection of sponges from the Bay of Naples. II Keratosa. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli 40: 83-104.
  6. ↑ Pulitzer-Finali G, Pronzato R (1980) The Keratosa in a collection of Mediterranean sponges, mainly from the Italian coasts. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia naturale ‘Giacomo Doria’ di Genova 83: 123-158.
  7. ↑ Pansini M, Pronzato R, Fresi E, Cinelli F, Mazzella L, Ponticelli M (1977) Evoluzione delle biocenosi bentoniche di substrato duro lungo un gradiente di luce in una grotta marina superficiale: Poriferi. In: Fresi E, Cinelli F (Eds) Atti IX Congresso Nazionale S. I.B.M., Lacco Ameno d’Ischia. La Seppia, Firenze: 315-330.
  8. ↑ Pulitzer-Finali G (1977) Report on a collection of sponges from the Bay of Naples. III. Hadromerida, Axinellida, Poecilosclerida, Halichondrida, Haplosclerida. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti di Biologia dell’Università di Genova 44: 7-89.
  9. ↑ Pansini M, Pronzato R (1982) Distribuzione ed ecologia dei poriferi nella grotta di Mitigliano (penisola Sorrentina). Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti di Biologia Università di Genova 50: 287-293.
  10. ↑ Bibiloni A, Olivella I, Ros J (1984a) Les esponges de les Illes Medes. In: Ros J, Olivella I, Gili JM (Eds)2 Els sistemes naturals de les Illes Medes. Barcelona: Arxius de la Secciò de Ciéncies: 383-405.
  11. ↑ Bibiloni M, Gili J, Ros J (1984b) Les coves submarines de les Illes Mèdes. In: Ros J, Aragonès J, Olivella I, Prats I, Gili JM, Sardà JM (Eds) Els Sistemes Naturals de les Illes Mèdes. Instituciò Catalana d’Història Natural i Societat Catalana de Biologia: 708-735.
  12. ↑ Balduzzi A, Bianchi C, Boero F, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Pansini M, Sarà M (1989) The suspension – feeder communities of a Mediterranean sea cave. In: Ros J (Ed.) Topics in marine biology. Scientia Marina 53(2–3): 387-395.
  13. ↑ Corriero G, Scalera L, Ruggiero D, Pansini M (2000) The Sponge Community of Semi Submerged Mediterranean cave. P.S.Z.N. : Marine Ecology 21 (1): 85-96. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0485.2000.00655.x
  14. ↑ Corriero G, Gherardi M, Giangrande A, Longo C, Mercurio M, Musco L, Nonnis M (2004) Inventory and distribution of hard bottom fauna from the marine protected area of Porto Cesareo (Ionian Sea): Porifera and Polychaeta. Italian Journal of Zoology 71: 237-245. doi: 10.1080/11250000409356578
  15. ↑ Arko-Pjevac M, Benac C, Kovacic M, Kirincic M (2001) A submarine cave at the Island of KRK (North Adriatic Sea). Natura Croatica 10 (3): 163-184.
  16. ↑ Martí R, Uriz M, Ballesteros E, Turon X (2004) Benthic assemblages in two Mediterranean caves: species diversity and coverage as a function of abiotic parameters and geographic distance. Journal of the Marine Biological Association United Kingdom 84: 557-572. doi: 10.1017/S0025315404009567h
  17. ↑ Bussotti S, Terlizzi A, Fraschetti S, Belmonte G, Boero F (2006) Spatial and temporal variability of sessile benthos in shallow Mediterranean marine cave. Marine Ecology 325: 109-119.
  18. ↑ Faresi L, Bettoso N, Aleffi I (2006) Benthic macrofauna of a submarine cave on the Istrian Peninsula (Croatia). Annales Series Historia Naturalis 16: 9-16.
  19. ↑ Turon X, Martì R, Uriz M (2009) Chemical bioactivity of sponges along an environmental gradient in a Mediterranean cave. Scientia Marina 73 (2): 387-397. doi: 10.3989/scimar.2009.73n2387
  20. ↑ Pronzato R, Manconi R (2011) Class Demospongiae. Orders Dendroceratida, Dictyoceratida, Verongida, Halisarcida. In: Pansini M, Manconi R, Pronzato R (Eds) Fauna d’Italia. Porifera I. Calcarea, Demospongiae (partim), Hexactinellida, Homoscleromorpha. vol. 46, p. 245–340, Calderini-Il Sole 24 Ore, Bologna.
  21. ↑ Bakran-Petricioli T, Radolovic M, Petricioli D (2012) How diverse is sponge fauna in the Adriatic Sea? Zootaxa 3172: 20–38.
  22. ↑ Cadeddu B (2012) Biodiversity assessment in Mediterranean caves: the case of Porifera as model taxon. PhD Thesis, Sassari: University of Sassari (Italy).
  23. ↑ Pronzato R, Malva R, Manconi R (2004) The taxonomic status of Ircinia fasciculata, Ircinia felix, and Ircinia variabilis (Dictyoceratida, Irciniidae). In: Pansini M, Pronzato R, Bavestrello G, Manconi R (Eds) , Sponge Science in the New Millennium. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti di Biologia dell’Università di Genova 68: 553–563.
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