Hyperaulax ramagei
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Ordo: Stylommatophora
Familia: Odontostomidae
Genus: Hyperaulax
Name
Hyperaulax ramagei (Smith, 1890) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- [[ | ]] “Turbine, in cui la prima voluta è (…)” Buonanni 1681[1]: 185, fig. Turbine #44.
- Bulimus (Tomigerus) Ramagei E.A. Smith 1890[2]: 500, pl. 30, fig. 8.
- Bulimus (Tomigerus?) Ramagei: Dall 1896[3]: 415.
- Bonnanius bouvieri Jousseaume 1900[4]: 39, pl. 1, fig. 19.
- Bonnanius bonnanius Jousseaume 1900[4]: 41.
- Hyperaulax (Bonnanius) ramagei : Pilsbry 1901[5]: 103, pl. 11, figs 60–62; Thiele 1931[6]: 611; Morretes 1949[7]: 153; Lopes and Alvarenga 1955[8]: 181; Zilch 1960[9]: 505, fig. 1772; Breure 1974[10]: 52; Breure 1975[11]: 1158; Oliveira et al. 1981[12]: 350; Parkinson et al. 1987[13]: 29; Abbott 1989[14]: 106, text fig.
- Tomigerus (Bonnanius) ramagei : Parodiz 1962[15]: 453.
- Bulimus (Tomigerus) ramagei : Oliveira and Oliveira 1984[16]: 19.
- Bonnanius ramagei : Schileyko 1999[17]: 339, fig. 419; Breure and Ablett 2012[18]: 34, figs 20A, B, 20i.
- Hyperaulax ramagei : Salgado and Coelho 2003[19]: 165; Salvador 2019[20]: 87.
- Bonnarius [sic] ramagei: Simone 2006[21]: 178, fig. 638.
Type locality
Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Fernando de Noronha Island, Ponta do Tabaco. Original (Smith 1890[2]: 500): “imbedded in sandy mud on a raised reef at Tobacco Point (G.A. Ramage leg.)”.
Distribution
Known only from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago.
Type material
Lectotype NHMUK 1888.6.27.163 (designation by Breure and Ablett 2012[18]). Paralectotypes: NHMUK 1888.6.27.164–170, 7 shells.
Material examined
Types. BRAZIL: Fernando de Noronha: ANSP 100531, 4 shells, H.v. Ihering leg., 1910; MNZ 205835, 4 shells, ex Suter coll. 5637; MNHN-IM-2000-28020 syntype of Bonnanius bouvieri, Jousseaume coll.; MNZ 205822, 5 shells, ex Suter coll. 5639; MZSP 7738, 14 shells; MZSP 97933, 3 shells, ex J. Vaz coll., A. Nüssenbaum leg., viii/1973; NHMUK 1902.10.16.4, 1 shell; MZSP 131996, 3 shells, Ponta das Caracas, 3°52'28"S, 32°25'24"W, F. Schunck leg., 27/ix/2013; NHMUK 20170271, 13 shells, from sand on north end of island, 16/vi/1887; USNM 518215, >30 shells, W. Williamson leg.; USNM 709805, >30 shells, dunes in Porto Santo Antônio, L. Storrs et al. leg., vii–viii/1973; USNM 709806, >30 shells, Porto Santo Antônio, L. Storrs et al. leg.; ZSM 7861, 1 shell, 1940; ZSM no nr., 3 shells.
Diagnosis
The shell is larger overall and has a broader profile. The riblets on the second part of the protoconch are more defined. The peristome is strongly thickened and displays marked apertural teeth.
Description
Shell medium-sized, bulimoid, rounded; W ~ 4½. Shell color chestnut brown; spire apex light brown to cream-colored; up to four equidistant white spiral bands might be present on lateral portion of whorls (but entirely brown morphs also occur); periumbilical region usually discolored, whitish; peristome and apertural teeth white. Protoconch (w ~1¾) rounded; first ½ whorl presenting undefined anastomosing sculpture; remainder sculptured by fine sinuous axial usually well-defined riblets (but sometimes anastomosed in some areas) that become less pronounced towards teleoconch; transition to teleoconch unclear (but sometimes with thickening of the last riblet). Teleoconch smooth (except for growth lines, which become more marked towards aperture). Suture well-marked, but not deep. Aperture roughly ovoid, but angulate. Peristome reflected and strongly thickened; some older specimens show continuous thickening of the peristome; parietal callus might be present in older specimens. Apertural teeth present: two knob-like parietal teeth positioned slightly towards the interior of shell (not always present); long palatal tooth in the middle portion of palatal region (its surface goes from smooth to serrated, with up to three distinct points); columellar tooth elongated, with smooth surface. Both columellar and palatal tooth produce a marked depression on outer wall of shell. Umbilicus slit-like.
Dimensions
Lectotype: H = 17.3 mm, D = 12.3 mm, h = 8.8 mm, d = 6.6, W = 4, w = 2. Paralectotype #1: H = 22.3, D = 15.6 mm, h = 10.9 mm, d = 7.7 mm, W = 4¾. Paralectotype #2: H = 23.5 mm, D = 16.0 mm, h = 11.2 mm, d = 8.7 mm, W = 5. Paralectotype #3: H = 19.5 mm, D = 14.6 mm, h = 10 mm, d = 7.2 mm, W = 4½, w = 1¾. Paralectotype #4: H = 19.6 mm, D = 13.7 mm, h = 8.8 mm, d = 6.7 mm, W = 4½. Paralectotype #5: H = 20.3 mm, D = 13.2 mm, h = 9.8 mm, d = 7.4 mm, W = 4¾, w = 1¾. Syntype of Bonnanius bouvieri: H = 22.5 mm, D = 15.4 mm (Breure, 1975). Average (n = 34, except for w, where n = 10): H = 17.9 ± 1.56 mm (min = 16.1 mm, max = 22.0 mm), D = 12.9 ± 0.96 mm, h = 9.7 ± 0.71 mm, d = 7.6 ± 0.63 mm, W = 4½ (min = 4¼, max = 5), w = 1¾ (occasionally 2).
Remarks
The names H. bouvieri and H. bonnanius were synonymized with H. ramagei by Pilsbry (1901)[5]; this decision is followed here. The syntype of H. bouvieri (Fig. 4A–C) is indistinguishable from H. ramagei, but the discussion regarding H. bonnanius is slightly more colorful and it is worthwhile to recapitulate it here. Its original description (Jousseaume 1900[4]) was based upon the work of the Jesuit scholar Filippo Buonanni (1638–1723), who compiled the first conchology manual (Buonanni 1681[1]) and is thus considered the Father of Conchology (Leonhard 2007[22]). As Pilsbry (1901)[5] argued, Buonanni’s (1681)[1] description of his Turbine #44 and its illustration (allowing for some distortion in the drawing) are vastly consistent with H. ramagei. Despite later authors such as Linnaeus having relied on Buonanni’s work, this particular species was overlooked until Jousseaume (1900)[4] published it as Bonnanius Bonnanius, misspelling the Jesuit’s name and likely without knowing the work of Smith (1890)[2].
The shell features of H. ramagei display some morphological variation: (1) shell size, from some rather small specimens to very large ones (Hmin = 16 mm and Hmax = 22 mm); (2) shell color can go from entirely brown to marked with four white spiral bands; (3) aperture size, relative to remainder of the shell; (4) shell shape, with some specimens having a much shorter spire (Fig. 3A–C, lectotype); (5) two parietal teeth might be absent (Fig. 3I); (6) the surface of the palatal tooth goes from nearly smooth (Fig. 3I, J) to serrated (Fig. 3F, G), with up to three distinct points (Fig. 3A), reminiscent of the carnassial tooth of Carnivora (apparently this is not related to the age of the individual or to the freshness of the specimen when collected). The syntype of H. bouvieri show a four-pronged palatal tooth, which is also unusually large, and a three-pronged parietal tooth (Fig. 4A–C); this could be seen as morphological variation, but, as this specimen bears a mark of breakage near the aperture and further growth (Fig. 4C), it could be simply post-trauma anomalous growth. For a comparison with its single congener, H. ridleyi, see the Discussion section of that species.
Some of the specimens available (including some paralectotypes) appear to be of a sub-fossil state, as already noted by Smith (1890)[2]. These appear to be larger than the fresh specimens, but this could be due to collection bias towards larger specimens; at present, there is not enough sub-fossil material for a statistically meaningful assessment.
Taxon Treatment
- Salvador, R; Cavallari, D; 2019: Taxonomic revision of the genus Hyperaulax Pilsbry, 1897 (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Odontostomidae) Zoosystematics and Evolution, 95(2): 453-463. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Buonanni F (1681) Ricreatione dell’occhio e della mente. Nell’offeruatione delle Chiocciole, proposta a’ suriosi delle opere della natura.Felice Cefaretti, Rome, 384 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.119125
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Smith E (1890) Mollusca.Journal of the Linnean Society of London20: 483–503.
- ↑ Dall W (1896) Insular land shell faunas, especially as illustrated by the data obtained by Dr. G. Baur in the Galapagos Islands.Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia48: 395–460.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Jousseaume F (1900) Mollusques terrestres. Clausilia, Rhodea et Bulimus Sud-Americanae.Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris2(1): 5–44.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Pilsbry H (1901–1902) Manual of conchology, second series. Pulmonata. Vol. 14. Oriental bulimoid Helicidae; Odontostomidae; Cerionidae.Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 302 pp.
- ↑ Thiele J (1931) Handbuch der systematischen Weichtierkunde. Erster Band, Teil 2.Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena, 442 pp.
- ↑ Morretes F (1949) Ensaio de catálogo dos moluscos do Brasil.Arquivos do Museu Paranaense7: 1–216.
- ↑ Lopes H, Alvarenga M (1955) Contribuição ao conhecimento dos moluscos da Ilha Fernando de Noronha – Brasil.Boletim do Instituto Oceanográfico6(1–2): 157–196. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0373-55241955000100005
- ↑ Zilch Α (1959–1960) Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Paläozoologie. 6(2): (1): 1–200 (1959); (2): 201–400 (1959); (3): 401–600 (1960); (4): 601–835 (1960). Borntraeger, Berlin.
- ↑ Breure A (1974) Catalogue of Bulimulidae (Gastropoda, Euthyneura), II. Odontostominae.Basteria38(5–6): 109–127.
- ↑ Breure A (1975) Types of Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.Bulletin du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle233 [1976]: 1137–1187.
- ↑ Oliveira M, Rezende G, Castro G (1981) Catálogo dos moluscos da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Sinonímia de família, gênero e espécie.MEC, UFJF, Juiz de Fora, 520 pp.
- ↑ Parkinson B, Hemmen J, Groh K (1987) Tropical land shells of the world.Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden, 279 pp.
- ↑ Abbott R (1989) Compendium of land shells.American Malacologists, Melbourne, 240 pp.
- ↑ Parodiz J (1962) New and little-known species of South and Central American land snails (Bulimulidae).Proceedings of the United States National Museum113(3462): 429–456. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00963801.113-3462.429
- ↑ Oliveira M, Oliveira M (1984) Comunicações malacológicas n° 16. Listagem de tipos de GastropodaPulmonata brasileiros depositados em quatro museus europeus.Boletim do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e de Geociências38: 1–46.
- ↑ Schileyko A (1999) Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 3. Partulidae, Aillyidae, Bulimulidae, Orthalicidae, Megaspiridae, Urocoptidae.Ruthenica, Supplement2: 263–436.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 Breure A, Ablett J (2012) Annotated type catalogue of the Bothriembryontidae and Odontostomidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London.ZooKeys182: 1–70. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.182.2720
- ↑ Salgado N, Coelho A (2003) Moluscos terestres do Brasil (gastrópodes operculados ou não, exclusive Veronicellidae, Miladicae e Limacidae). Revista de Biología Tropical 51(Suppl. 3): 149–189.
- ↑ Salvador R (2019) Brazilian, Uruguayan and Argentinian land snails in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.Tuhinga30: 82–98.
- ↑ Simone L (2006) Land and freshwater mollusks of Brazil.EGB/FAPESP, São Paulo, 390 pp.
- ↑ Leonhard K (2007) Shell collecting. On 17th-century Conchology, curiosity cabinets and still life paintings. In: Enenkel K Smith M (Eds) Early modern zoology: the construction of animals in science, literature and the visual arts.Brill, Leiden, 177–214. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004131880.i-657.52
