Hirtipennia hirtipennis

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Taxonavigation

Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Sciaridae
Genus: Hirtipennia

Name

Hirtipennia hirtipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838) – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link

  • Sciara hirtipennis Zetterstedt, 1838[1]: 826
  • Trichosia hirtipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)[2]: 232
  • Trichosia (Leptosciarella) hirtipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)[3]: 21
  • Leptosciarella (Hirtipennia) hirtipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)[4]: 45-47, fig. 2
  • Trichosia absurda (Winnertz, 1867)[5]: 174-175
  • Trichosia jugicola (Strobl, 1898)[6]: 281
  • Trichosia parcepilosa var. opacicollis (Strobl, 1902)[7]: 511
  • Trichosia hirtipennis var. minor (Frey, 1948)[8]: 73

Type material

Lecotype ♂, no. 577 in MZLU, 23th of July

Type locality

Sweden, "ad Björkvik Nordlandiae"

Material studied

Austria: 1 ♂, Reißeck, alpine heather, sweep netting, Heller, 25.07.2010, PKHH 7682; Denmark: 1 ♂, Klingbjerg, Alsen, old beech forest at coast, sweep netting, Heller, 22.05.2010, PKHH 7596; Finland: 1 ♂, Li, Utsjoki, Tundra, Malaise trap, Fatouros, 3.-10.07.2000, PKHH 3279; Germany: 6 ♂, Baden-Württemberg, Belchen, Malaise trap, Doczkal, 28.5.-03.07.2003, PKHH 4816, PDDM 91, PASS 86, ZSMC 2247, 2248; 1 ♂, Sandweier, Niederwald, wood pasture with oaks on sand, Malaise trap, Doczkal, 13.5.-08.06.2006, PKHH 5227; 5 ♂, Bavaria, Bischofsheim (Rhön), beech forest, sweep netting, Heller, 03.06.1994, PKHH 623, 624; 1 ♂, Oberstdorf, Nebelhorn, alpine heather, sweep netting, Heller, 21.08.2001, PKHH 3578; 1 ♂, Rhineland-Palatine, Gönnersdorf, Mäuerchenberg dry grassland, Malaise trap, Cölln, 25.5.-01.06.1991, PKHH 1865; 1 ♂, 1.-08.06.1991, PKHH 1878; 1 ♂, meadow with fruit trees, Malaise trap, Cölln, 7.-14.05.1994, PKHH 1912; 1 ♂, Schleswig-Holstein, Flensburg, Marienhölzung, forest, Malaise trap, Barkemeyer, 7.-14.06.1996, PKHH 2034; 1 ♀, Kiel, Melsdorfer Straße, forest, Malaise trap, Kassebeer, 9.-16.07.1995, PKHH 1113; 1 ♂, Trent near Plön, Trent bog, Malaise trap, Kassebeer, 8.-15.05.1993, PKHH 629; 2 ♂, Thuringia, Friedrichroda, beech forest, sweep netting, Heller, 21.06.1996, PKHH 1520; Sweden: 1 ♂, Lycksele lappmark, Laxnäs, Janzon, 8.-09.07.1992, NHRS 794; 5 ♂, 9.-10.07.1992, NHRS 795, 796, 807, 825, 827; 4 ♂, 11.-12.07.1992, NHRS 793, 809, 811, 828; 1 ♂, 13.-14.07.1992, NHRS 853; 1 ♂, Västerbotten, Skellefteå, Brännbergets naturreservat, mixed boreal forest, Malaise trap, Swedish Malaise Trap, 21.7.-12.08.2004, PKHH 7289; Turkey: 1 ♂, Saricaova Köyü, Aydin, sweep netting, Koc & Karaman & Ozgü, 07.05.2003, PKHH 4333.

Description (male)

Head. Eye bridge 4–5 rows of facets. LW-index of 4th antennal flagellar segment 3.1–3.6; neck 0.3–0.5 of segment width; Transition of basal part to neck bottle-neck like. Colour of neck unicolour. Antennal hairs as long as segment width; dense; salient. Palps darkened; long; palpomeres 3. First palpomere elongate; with 4–8 bristles; with only some sparse sensillae. Second palpomere elongate. Third palpomere as long as first segment. Thorax. Colour brown. Notum unicolorous. Thoracic setae long and strong; dark. Mesonotum with some weaker central bristles. Posterior pronotum setose. Postpronotal setae 5–8; strong. Laterotergite bare. Legs. Colour yellow, or yellow-brown. Hind coxae of same colour as femora. Hairs on fore coxae bright. Front tibia apically with a patch of setae. Front tibial organ dark, or bright. Front tibial organ not bordered. Tibial setae on hind legs normal, shorter than tibial width. Tibial spurs of equal length. Claws untoothed. Wings. Wings slightly darkened; of normal shape. Wing membrane completely covered with macrotrichia. Wing venation weak, with faint m-base. M-fork of normal shape. R1 inserting clearly after base of m-fork; posterior veins with macrotrichia; stM mainly with macrotrichia; cuA1 and cuA2 mainly with macrotrichia; bM setose; r-m mostly setose; bM:r-M 1.2–1.5; st-Cu:bM 0.35–0.5; r1:r 1.6–2; C:w 0.55–0.7. Halteres dark, or bright; of normal length. Abdomen. Abdominal setae weak; dorsally dark; ventrally dark, or of different colour. Hypopygium concolour with abdomen; 0.5–0.7 × longer than wide. Base of gonocoxites with normal, weak hairs; gonocoxites broadly separated; inner margin of gonocoxites narrowly U-shaped, or normally U-shaped; inner part of hypopygium bare; elongated setae on valves of hypopygium absent. Gonostylus globular; 1.6–1.9 × longer than wide; Inner margin straight; apex equally rounded. Apical tooth present; 1.8–2.4 × longer than broad; strong. Awl-like setae normal; below apex absent. Megasetae on inner part of gonostylus absent. Whiplash-hair absent. Tegmen 0.7–0.9 × longer than broad; trapezoid; normal; Central process absent. Length of aedeagus/hypopygium 24–40 %; Aeadeagal apical structure present. Measurements. Body size 3.1–3.8 mm. Hind tibia 1.8–2.1 mm. Wing length 3.2–3.8 mm.

Diagnosis

Hirtipennia hirtipennis is the type species of the genus. The species is quite easy to distinguish by its large size and the wings, which are completely covered with macrotrichia. The other species of Hirtipennia, have only parts of their wings covered with macrotrichia.

DNA Barcoding

The COI sequence is assigned to BIN BOLD:ACM3117 (average distance 0.52%, max. 2.02%, n=20, K2P: 8.85%).

Etymology

hirtus lat. = bristly, hirsute; penna lat. = feather (wing). The species name refers to the hairy wing membrane.

Ecology

Hirtipennia hirtipennis has a wide distribution, but is nowhere very common. It is found everywhere in Europe in a variety of habitats from dry grasslands over forests to alpine heather.

Distribution

Austria[6][4][9][10] Croatia[7], Czech Republic[11][11], Finland[8][3][12][13], Denmark, France[4], Germany[14][15][4][16][17][18][19][20][21], Great Britain[22][23][24], Greece[25], Hungary[26], Italy[27][28][4], Norway[29], Romania[30], Sweden[1][31], Slovakia[9][32] Switzerland[5], Turkey.

Images

Figure 1. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, habitus, scale 1 mm
Figure 1. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, habitus, scale 1 mm 
Figure 2. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 2. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, hypopygium, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 3. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm
Figure 3. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, gonostylus (ventral view), scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 4. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 4. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, aedeagal complex, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 5. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, 4th antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm
Figure 5. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, 4th antennal flagellar segment, scale 0.1 mm 
Figure 6. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, wing, scale 1 mm
Figure 6. Hirtipennia hirtipennis male, wing, scale 1 mm 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zetterstedt, J.W. 1838: Sectio Tertia. Diptera. Dipterologis Scandinaviae. Insecta Lapponica (i-vi). Leopold Voss, Lipsiae. pp. 477–868.
  2. ↑ Mik, J. 1889: Dipterologische Miscellen. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung, 8, 232–238.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tuomikoski, R. 1960: Zur Kenntnis der Sciariden (Dipt.) Finnlands. Annales Zoologici Societatis Zoologicae Botanicae Fennicae “Vanamo”, 21, 1–164.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Mohrig, W.; Menzel, F. 1997: Revision der paläarktischen Arten von Trichosia Winnertz sensu Tuomikoski, 1960 (Diptera, Sciaridae). – Teil II. Gattungen Leptosciarella Tuomikoski, 1960 und Trichodapus gen. nov. Studia dipterologica, 4(1), 41–98.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Winnertz, J. 1867: Beitrag zu einer Monographie der Sciarinen. W. Braunmüller, Wien. BHL
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Strobl, G. 1898: Die Dipteren von Steiermark. IV. Theil. Nachträge zum III. Theil. Mittheilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, 34(1897), 277–297. BHL
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Strobl, G. 1902: Nowi prilosi fauni diptera Balkanskog poluostrwa. Glasnika Semalskog Museja u Bosni i Herzegowini, 14(3-4), 461–517.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Frey, R. 1948: Entwurf einer neuen Klassifikation der Mückenfamilie Sciaridae (Lycoriidae). II. Die nordeuropäischen Arten. Notulae Entomologicae, 27(2-4), 33-112.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Franz, H. 1989: Die Nordost-Alpen im Spiegel ihrer Landtierwelt: Diptera Orthorapha (6(1)). Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck.
  10. ↑ Heller, K. 2012: IV 6.3 Familie Sciaridae (Trauermücken). In: R. Gerecke, H. Haseke, J. Klauber, & A. Maringer (Hrsg.), Quellen, Schriften des Nationalparks Gesäuse 7. Weng im Gesäuse. 189–199, 373–381
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Menzel, F.; Mohrig, W.; Barták, J. 2000: Sciaridae. In: J. Vanhara & M. Barták (Eds.), Diptera in an industrially affected region (North-Western Bohemia, Bilina and Duchcov Environs), I, Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Masarykianae Brunensis (104). pp. 73-81.
  12. ↑ Zetterstedt, J.W. 1851: Diptera scandinaviae disposita et descripta (10). ex officina Lundbergiana, Lundae. pp. 3711-4090. BHL
  13. ↑ Salmela, J.; Vilkamaa, P. 2005: Sciaridae (Diptera) from central Finland: faunistics and taxonomy. Entomologica Fennica, 16, 287–300.
  14. ↑ Rudzinski, H.-G. 1994: Fundort Schöngeising - die Trauermücken mit einer Liste aller bisher in Bayern aktuell nachgewiesenen Arten (vorläufig als“ Zweiflügler aus Bayern IV”) (Diptera Nematocera, Sciaridae). Entomofauna, 15(25), 293–311. PDF
  15. ↑ Lengersdorf, F. 1928: Meine Sciaridenausbeute aus dem Allgäu. Mitteilungen der Münchener Entomologischen Gesellschaft e. V., 18(1-2), 18–19.
  16. ↑ Hennicke, S.; Martschei, T.; Müller-Motzfeld, G. 1997: Erste Ergebnisse der Erfassung ausgewählter Arthropodengruppen der Stadt Greifswald (Araneae, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Saltatoria). Insecta, 5, 51-100.
  17. ↑ Rudzinski, H.-G. 2003: Die Trauermücken (Insecta: Diptera: Sciaridae) des Naturschutzgebietes Bommecketal in Plettenberg (Sauerland). Der Sauerländische Naturbeobachter, 28, 190-197.
  18. ↑ Heller, K. 1999: Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae) von Gönnersdorf (Kr. Daun). Beiträge zur Insektenfauna der Eifeldorfer 20. Dendrocopos, 26, 249-262.
  19. ↑ Menzel, F.; Mohrig, W.; Groth, I. 1990: Beiträge zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Diptera - Sciaridae. Beiträge zur Entomologie, 40, 301-400.
  20. ↑ Metzner, K.; Menzel, F. 1996: Untersuchungen zur Sciaridenfauna des innerstädtischen Auwaldgebietes Burgaue bei Leipzig (Insecta, Diptera, Sciaridae). Studia dipterologica, 3(1), 125–154.
  21. ↑ Heller, K. 1998: Beiträge zur Sciaridenfauna Schleswig-Holsteins (Diptera). Teil 1. Das Trentmoor bei Plön. Dipteron, 1(3), 45-56.
  22. ↑ Freeman, P. 1983: Sciarid flies. Diptera, Sciaridae. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. Vol 9 (6). Royal Entomological Society of London, London.
  23. ↑ Edwards, F.W. 1926: North Lancashire and South Westmorland Diptera. The North Western Naturalist, 1(3), 141–143.
  24. ↑ Menzel, F.; Smith, J.E.; Chandler, P. 2006: The sciarid fauna of the British Isles (Diptera: Sciaridae), including descriptions of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 146, 1-147. PDF
  25. ↑ Rulik, B.; Röschmann, F.; Mohrig, W. 1999: New Species of Sciarid Flies (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Greece and Turkey. Journal of the Entomological Research Society, 1(3), 21–50.
  26. ↑ Rulik, B.; Mohrig, W.; Jaschhof, M. 2001: Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae) und freilebende Gallmücken (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Lestremiinae) aus Ungarn. Mit Bemerkungen zur Corynoptera tridentata-Gruppe. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 62, 231-245.
  27. ↑ Röschmann, F.; Mohrig, W. 1993: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Trauermücken der Alpenländer. Teil II: erste Sciaridenfunde aus den Italienischen Meeralpen (Alpes Maritimus). (Diptera, Sciaridae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, 80, 389-402.
  28. ↑ Röschmann, F.; Mohrig, W. 1994: Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Trauermücken der Alpenländer. Teil III. Die Sciariden des Vallemaggia (Schweiz, Tessin) (Diptera, Sciaridae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins Innsbruck, 81, 197–207. PDF
  29. ↑ GBIF Hirtipennia hirtipennis
  30. ↑ Hondru, N. 1965: Specii noi de Sciaride (Diptera - Sciaridae) din R. P. R. Studii si cercetari de biologie (Seria Zoologie), 17(3), 211–215.
  31. ↑ Heller, K.; Vilkamaa, P.; Hippa, H. 2009: An annotated check list of Swedish black fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae). Sahlbergia, 15(1), 23-51.
  32. ↑ Rudzinski, H.-G. 2009: Die Trauermücken des Poľana Biosphären-Reservats (Diptera: Sciaridae). Casopis Slezskeho zemskeho muzea, serie A, 58, 39-46.
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