Gymnoclasiopa subnubila
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Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Ephydridae
Genus: Gymnoclasiopa
Name
Gymnoclasiopa subnubila (Cresson) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Ditrichophora subnubila Cresson 1940[1]: 6; 1942[2]: 120 [review]. Wirth 1965[3]: 739 [Nearctic catalog]. Cole 1969[4]: 398 [fauna, western North America].
- Gymnoclasiopa subnubila. Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995[5]: 178 [generic combination; world catalog].
Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.75–2.95 mm, head and thorax generally moderately to densely microtomentose, gray, abdomen thinly invested with microtomentum, subshiny to shiny black. Head: Frons densely microtomentose, mostly tannish gray to gray; fronto-orbits gray. Scape black, pedicel mostly grayish black to blackish gray; basal flagellomere blackish gray dorsoapically, yellowish to reddish basoventrally; arista bearing 5 dorsal rays. Face somewhat flat, although antennal grooves, especially ventral margins, somewhat conspicuously impressed; facial microtomentum distinctive, generally silvery yellow, shiny; genal moderately high, height greater than height of basal flagellomere, gena-to-eye ratio 0.15–0.17, whitish gray, contrasted with silvery yellow face. Maxillary palpus yellow to yellowish red. Thorax: Mesonotum tannish gray to brownish gray, moderately microtomentose, some areas somewhat subshiny; pleural areas gray, more densely microtomentose than mesonotum. Wing hyaline; costal vein ratio 0.44–0.56; M vein ratio 0.54–0.57; halter stem yellowish to brown, knob yellowish white to yellow. Coxae gray; femora and tibia concolorous blackish gray to gray, apices yellowish; tarsi mostly yellow, apical tarsomeres darker, more grayish black. Abdomen: Basal tergites and medially gray to tannish gray, laterally and apical tergites shiny black, very sparsely microtomentose. Male terminalia (Figs 49–52): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 49) as a broadly formed, inverted U, somewhat rounded quadrate, with the base more narrowly formed, dorsal portion more thinly developed than lateral arms, lateral arms shallowly arched to nearly straight, curved medially subapically, enlarged ventrally, broadly rounded, setulae more clustered at ventral margin; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 49) elongate,semilunate, lateral margins arched, medial margins nearly straight, nearly uniformly setulose but slightly more clustered at ventral margin; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 52) slongate, narrowly slipper-like, nearly straight, base shallowly emarginate, tapered very slightly toward apex, long margins nearly parallel sided, apex moderately broadly rounded, in ventral view (Fig. 50) expanded sub-basally with narrow, laterally flaring processes, thereafter very slightly expanded to apex, essentially parallel sided, apex broadly rounded; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 51) more or less irregularly triangular, extension toward hypandrium slightly more elongate than extension towards aedeagal base, in ventral view (Fig. 50) T-shaped, apical crossbar moderately robust, length of each flared arm about half width of stem; ejaculatory apodeme in lateral view straight, base expanded, extended process digitiform, in ventral view almost bar-like with bump near midlength; postgonite in lateral view (Fig. 51) irregularly bar-like, pointed basally, widest just before midlength, thereafter slightly tapered, apex robustly digitiform, bearing 3 setulae along posterior margin and 1 setula subapically along anterior margin, in ventral view (Fig. 50) as an elongate triangle, wide basally, length of tapered sides about twice basal width, apex narrowly rounded, lateral margins shallowly emarginate, straight medially; pregonite in lateral view (Fig. 51) clavate, pointed on portion toward hypandrium, rounded on opposite end, in ventral view (Fig. 50) ovate with rounded pointed; hypandrium in ventral view (Fig. 50) with anterior margin broadly rounded, thereafter posteriorly with lateral margin concave, posterior margin moderately deeply and widely U-shaped, in lateral view (Fig. 51) narrowly elongate, shallowly sinuous.
Type material
The holotype male of Ditrichophora subnubila Cresson is labeled “Ilwaco WASH July 1917 ALMelander/TYPE Ditrichophora SUBNUBILA E. T. Cresson, Jr. [red; species number and name handwritten].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten pin in a rectangular card), is in excellent condition (some cephalic setae missing or misoriented), and is deposited in the ANSP (6550).
Type locality
United States. Washington. Pacific: Ilwaco (46°18.5'N, 124°02.6'W).
Other specimens examined
Nearctic. CANADA. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Hope, Silver Lake (49°22'N, 121°29'W), 2 Jul 1968, W. W. Wirth (1♂, 1♀; USNM). Pine Pass (37 km NE; highway 97; 55°30'N, 122°40'W), 25 Jun 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (5♂, 3♀; CAS).
NORTHWEST TERRITORIES. Good Hope, Mackenzie River (66°15'N, 128°38'W), 23 Aug 1929, O. Bryant (1♀; USNM).
YUKON TERRITORY. Aishihik River, Alaska Highway DC 996.8 (61°40.3'N, 137°28.3'W), 7 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (25♂, 12♀; CAS). Clear Lake, Klondike Loop (63°47'N, 137°18'W), 5 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂; CAS).
UNITED STATES. ALASKA. Anchorage: Mirror Lake (61°25.7'N, 149°24.9'W), 29 Jun-5 Aug 2002, 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂, 1♀; USNM). Fairbanks North Star: Colorado Creek, Chena Hot Springs (65°03.2'N, 146°02.9'W), 11 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (2♀; CAS); Creamer’s Field (64°51.7'N, 147°44.3'W; 160 m), 3 Aug 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Fairbanks, Lake Ballaine (64°52.2'N, 147°49.5'W; 160 m), 2 Aug 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (9♂; USNM); Fairbanks (32 km E: 64°50'N, 147°24'W), 28 Jul 1971, B. A. Foote (3♂, 3♀; CMNH, USNM); Steese Highway (milepost 10: 64°56'N, 147°39'W), 10 Jul 1952, C. P. Alexander (1♂; USNM). Kenai Peninsula: Arc Lake (3.2 km W Soldotna; 60°27'N, 151°06.3'W), 5 Jul 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Kenai Lake (60°20.5'N, 149°22.2'W; Primrose Campground), 31 Jul 2003, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM); Kenai River, Jim’s Landing (60°28.9'N, 150°06.9'W), 3 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂, 2♀; USNM); Moose Creek (60°30'N, 149°25'W), 27 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaul, Jr. (1♂; CAS); Skilak Lake (60°26.3'N, 150°19.4'W), 3 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; USNM); Swanson River Road (60°42.8'N, 150°48.9'W), 13 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Lake and Peninsula: Savonoski, Naknek Lake (58°32'N, 155°19'W), 12-26 Jul 1919, 1932, A. Basinger (3♂, 3♀; USNM). Matanuska-Susitna: Eklutna (Knik Arm; 61°28.2'N, 149°21.4'W), 7 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (23♂, 2♀; USNM); Glennallen (96.5 km W Glennallen; 61°55.6'N, 147°13.6'W), 7 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂, 4♀; USNM); Honolulu Creek, George Parks Highway A-178 (63°03.4'N, 149°35.5'W), 17 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (3♂, 1♀; CAS); Knik Lake, SW Wasilla (61°27.7'N, 149°43.9'W), 18 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀; CAS). Knik River (61°27.8'N, 148°51.6'W), 5 Aug 2002, D. and W. N. Mathis (18♂, 6♀; USNM); Little Willow Creek (61°48.6'N, 150°05.8'W; 50 m), 25 Jul 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Lucile Lake (61°34.2'N, 149°28.6'W; 100 m), 15 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Matanuska Flats (N Palmer; 61°16'N, 150°16'W), 17 Jul 1971, B. A. Foote (1♂; USNM); Palmer (Matanuska River; 61°36.5'N, 149°04.1'W), 16 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (11♂, 3♀; USNM); Sheep Creek (61°58.3'N, 150°05'W; 55 m), 10 Aug 2011, D. and W.N. Mathis (5♂, 1♀; USNM); Talkeetna (62°18.9'N, 150°06.3'W), 4-10 Aug 2003, 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (13♂, 1♀; USNM); Willow Creek (61°46.1'N, 150°04.2'W; 50 m), 10-26 Jul 2006, 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂, 1♀; USNM). Nome (Census Area): Pilgrim Hot Springs (65°05.6'N, 164°55.6'W), 3 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Snake River (11 km NW Nome; 64°33.9'N, 165°30.6'W), 2 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Southeast Fairbanks Census Area: Delta Junction (8 km S; 63°51.5'N, 145°44.6'W), 11 Aug 2003, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Dry Creek Campground, Glenn Highway A-192 (63°39.2'N, 144°21.8'W), 3 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀; CAS); Gardiner Creek Camp, Alaska Highway DC 1253 (62°51.5'N, 141°28'W), 5 Aug 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (13♂, 6♀; CAS); Gerstle River, Alaska Highway DC 1393 (64°03.4'N, 145°08.1'W), 9 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂; CAS); Walker Fork Campground, Richardson Highway (64°04.6'N, 141°37.4'W), 31 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (2♂; CAS). Valdez-Cordova (Census Area): Chitina (61°30.9'N, 144°26.2'W), 18 Jun 1953, W. C. Frohne (1♂, 2♀; WSU); Gulkana River (19.3 km N Glennallen; 62°16.1'N, 145°23.1'W), 6 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (15♂, 6♀; USNM); Klutina River (mile 101; 61°57.2'N, 145°19.3'W; 315 m), 7 Aug 2012, D. and W. N. Mathis (5♂, 4♀; USNM); Lower Tonsina Valley (61°39.3'N, 144°39.5'W), 19 Aug 1953, W. C. Frohne (1♀; WSU); Tolsona Creek State Campground, Glenn Highway, A 173 (62°03.9'N, 145°59.8'W), 31 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (2♂, 1♀; CAS); Valdez (4.8 km N; 61°05.8'N, 146°14.6'W), 8 Jul 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM). Yukon-Koyukuk (Census Area): Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge, Jim River (66°45.4'N, 151°21.1'W; Malaise trap), 4-6 Aug 2006 (3♂, 3♀; UAF); Kanuti National Wildlife Refuge, Jim River (66°39'N, 151°30.4'W; Malaise trap), 11 Aug 2006, L. Saperstein (1♂, 3♀; UAF); Nenana River, George Park Highway A-222 (64°33.9'N, 149°06.3'W), 17 Jul 1978, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (4♂, 1♀; CAS); Yukon River at Dalton Highway (65°52.8'N, 149°43.2'W; 110 m), 4 Aug 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂; USNM).
OREGON. Josephine: Illinois River, W Fork (3 km S Cave Junction; 42°09.6'N, 123°39.5'W), 20 Jun 1974, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂; CAS).
Distribution
(Fig. 52). Nearctic: Canada (British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Quebec, Yukon Territory), United States (Alaska, Oregon, Washington).
Remarks
This species is very similar and is probably closely related to the Gymnoclasiopa cinerella (Stenhammar) in the Old World but is distinguished from that species by the shape of structures of the male terminalia (see figures). From Nearctic congeners, this species is distinguished by the yellowish to slightly reddish maxillary palpi and the black scape and pedicel.
Taxon Treatment
- Mathis, W; Zatwarnicki, T; 2012: A revision of the New World species of Gymnoclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae) ZooKeys, 248: 1-69. doi
Other References
- ↑ Cresson E (1940) Descriptions of new genera and species of the dipterous family Ephydridae. Paper XII. Notulae Naturae. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 38: 1-10.
- ↑ Cresson E (1942) Synopses of North American Ephydridae (Diptera) I. The subfamily Psilopinae, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 68: 101-128.
- ↑ Wirth W (1965) Ephydridae. Pp. 734–759. In: Stone A, Sabrosky CW, Wirth WW, Foote RH, Coulson JR (Eds) A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Handbook 276, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., 1696 pp.
- ↑ Cole F (1969) The flies of western North America. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London, 693+xi pp.
- ↑ Mathis W, Zatwarnicki T (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). Memoirs on Entomology, International 4: 1-423.
Images
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![Figures 49–51. Gymnoclasiopa subnubila (Cresson) (Canada. British Columbia. Hope, Silver Lake). 49 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 50 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 51 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.](/wiki/File:ZooKeys-248-001-g020.jpg)
