Gastrodia kachinensis
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Ordo: Asparagales
Familia: Orchidaceae
Genus: Gastrodia
Name
Gastrodia kachinensis X.H.Jin & L.A.Ye – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Diagnosis
Gastrodia kachinensis is similar to G. gracilis, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter by having perianth tube with punctate outer surface, verrucose outer surface of sepal lobe, orbicular petals, ovate-elliptic lip with truncate apex and auriculate-clawed base, glabrous lip with a pair of twin protuberance-like lamellae only at apex and column with a pair of blade-like lateral wings and acute stelidia at apex.
Type
MYANMAR. Kachin State: Putao Township, Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, subtropical, evergreen, broad-leaved forest, 1400 m in elevation, 19 May 2017, Xiaohua Jin et al, PT -6897 (Putao expedition team 6897) (Holotype, PE!).
Description
Terrestrial, fully mycoheterotrophic, leafless herb. Rhizome tuberous, vertical, subterete, 10–14 cm long, ca. 1 cm thick, greyish brown, covered with membranous scales. Stem erect and slender, ca. 30–40 cm long, 0.6 cm thick, distantly noded and sheathed. Raceme laxly 8–10-flowered, peduncle 10–30 cm long, ca. 0.5 cm in diameter, floral bracts minute, erect, lanceolate-ovate, dark brown, acute apex, 6 × 1.5 mm. Pedicel and ovary ca. 1 cm long, pedicel slightly curved, ovary ca. 2.5 mm in diameter. Flowers urceolate, resupinate, bending downwards, dark yellowish brown, ca. 1.3 cm long, 0.8 cm in diameter; sepals connate, forming a tube, tubular part ca. 1 cm long, outer surface punctate, trilobed at apex, sepal lobes ovate, 0.3 × 0.3 cm, outer surfaces verrucose; petals attached to sepal tube, orbicular, 0.2 × 0.2 cm; lip adnate to column foot, orange-yellow towards apex and pale greenish white along each lateral margin, ovate-elliptic, 0.7 × 0.4 cm, margin entire, apex truncate, base auriculate-clawed, two light yellow sub-globose calli at claw, adaxial surface of lip glabrous, with a pair of twin protuberance-like lamellae only at apex, lamellae ca. 1 mm tall; column straight, as long as lip, ca. 0.6 cm long excluding column foot, with a pair of blade-like lateral wings towards apex, stelidia acute at apex; column foot distinct; stigma distinct, near base of column, rounded, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter.
Etymology
The new species is named after Kachin State, the northernmost state of Myanmar in which it was discovered in a vast area of primitive montane forest.
Distribution and habitat
Gastrodia kachinensis is a terrestrial mycoheterotrophic species that grows in broad-leaved, evergreen forest at 1400 m in elevation. Gastrodia kachinensis is only known from the type locality.
Conservation status
Endangered (EN). Gastrodia kachinensis was collected in the lowland forest of Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary, Putao, Northern Myanmar. Until now, only one population, consisting of ca. 10 individuals, has been discovered in the reserve (2704 km2). As the lowland forest is under direct threat from slash-and-burn agriculture, the species is here assigned a status of Endangered (EN) according to the guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017[1]).
Key to Gastrodia kachinensis and G. gracilis
Taxon Treatment
- Aung, Y; Jin, X; 2018: Gastrodia kachinensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Myanmar PhytoKeys, (94): 23-29. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee (2017) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf [accessed: May 30, 2017]
