Facitrichophora manza
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Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Ephydridae
Genus: Facitrichophora
Name
Facitrichophora manza Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2012 sp. n. – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.90–2.55 mm.
Head (Figs 11–12): Frons brown to black, mesofrons brown, parafrons blackish. Antenna mostly yellow but with basal flagellomere blackish on lateral surface and somewhat dorsally; arista bearing 5–6 dorsal rays. Face broadly and somewhat protruding, lacking bare strip adjacent to carina, bearing 2 rows of setulae, medial row with longer setulae, 5–6, lateral row of setulae shorter, immediately adjacent to parafacial; parafacial becoming distinctly wider posteroventrally, making gena high (about 0.25 eye height), bearing setulae; facial and parafacial microtomentum silvery white to golden yellowish white, sometimes not concolorous; gena relatively short, less than 1/4 eye height; eye-to-cheek ratio 0.21–0.26.
Thorax (Fig. 13): Mesonotum subshiny, generally bronzish, becoming grayish anterolaterally, with sparse, whitish to grayish microtomentum; a single pair of posterior dorsocentral setae; prescutellar acrostichal setae small but evident, inserted close together; scutellum trapezoidal in dorsal view with posterior margin truncate, lateral margins essentially straight, bearing 2 primary scutellar along lateral margins but otherwise lacking larger setae between primary setae. Wing hyaline or uniformly faintly infuscate; costal vein ratio 0.56–0.64; M vein 0.58–0.60. Coxae and femora grayish to blackish gray; tibiae and tarsi yellowish.
Abdomen: Tergites 2-3 subequal in length; tergites 3 of male with a broadly produced posteroventral process on each side (on venter); tergite 4 of male with a short point at anteroventral and posteroventral corner; tergite 5 of male and a short point toward anteroventral ; corner; tergites 4 and especially 5 of male elongate; tergite 5 of male truncate posteriorly, bearing short and decumbent setae at posterior margin; sternite 4 of male rectangular, sternite 5 V-shaped, neither 4 nor 5 with dense row of setulae along posterior margin. Male terminalia (Figs 14-17): Generally bluntly wedge shaped in posterior view; epandrium narrowly connected dorsally, in posterior view (Fig. 14) lateral margins gradually tapered, more so ventrally, ventral margin bilobed with short, small ventrolateral lobe, setulae more evident laterally, in lateral view (Fig. 15) generally straight, especially posterior margin, bilobes conspicuous, anteroventral lobe oriented anteriorly and acutely pointed, posterior lobe irregularly rounded; cerci comparatively small, broadly fused with epandrium; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 17) narrow basally, thereafter ventrally becoming swollen, complex, in ventral view (Fig. 16) asymmetrical, longer than wide; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 17) with conspicuous, extended, wedge-shaped keel, extension toward aedeagal base elongate, narrow, opposite end short, stubby, in ventral view (Fig. 16) hour glass shaped, relatively short, both ends slightly expanded; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 17) relatively short, shallowly curved, ends rounded, in ventral view (Fig. 16) shallowly curved, length less than lengthy of phallapodeme; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 17) relatively large, broadly and shallowly pocket-like, posterior extension narrower and longer than anterior margin, in ventral view (Fig. 16) slightly asymmetrical, anterior margin broadly rounded, posterior margin as 2 paired, narrow prongs, medial pair forming a deep emargination.
Type material
The holotype male is labeled “TRINIDAD. St. Andr[ew].: Low[er] Manzanilla(12km S; 10°24'N, 61°02'W)[,] bridgeNariva Riv[er], 20–27Jun1993, WNMathis/USNM ENT 00285971 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂ Facitrichophora manza Mathis & Zatwarnicki, USNM [red].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten pin in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Twenty paratypes (9♂, 11♀; USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype.
Type locality
Trinidad and Tobago. Trinidad. St. Andrew: Lower Manzanilla (12 km S; 10°24.5'N, 61°01.5'W), bridge over Nariva River.
Other specimens examined
COSTA RICA. Guanacaste: Cañas, Rio Tempisque (10°25.6'N, 85°05.7'W), 7–9 Jul 2003, D. Briceño (4♂, 5♀; INBIO); Isla Pájaros (9°52.1'N, 84°54.6'W), 16 Nov 2004, B. Gamboa (2♂; INBIO); Estero Caletas (9°46.5'N, 85°15.6'W), 22 Oct 2003, W. Porras (1♀; INBIO); Nandayure, Playa Bejuco (10°56'N, 85°51.7'W), 21 Oct 2003, D. Briceño (6♂, 4♀; INBIO); Nosara, Privado Nosara (9°59'N, 85°39'W), 15 Jun 2004, D. Briceño (1♀; INBIO); Palo Verde, Nicoya, Isla Saíno (10°19'N, 85°21'W), 16 Nov 2004, B. Gamboa (1♀; INBIO). Limón: Talamanca, Estación Gandoca (9°37.4'N, 82°41.7'W), 18 May 2004, W. Porras (1♀; INBIO). Puntarenas: San Pedrillo (8°37.2'N, 83°44.1'W), 12–15 Aug 2001, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂, 5♀; USNM).
CUBA. Cienfuegos: Soledad, Jardin Botánico (22°7.5'N, 80°19.2'W), 16-18 Jul 1947, W. L. Nutting (1♀; AMNH).
MEXICO. Veracruz-Llave: Isla del Amor (19°05.6'N, 96°06'W), 6 Sep 1975, A. G. Soika (2♂, 1♀; USNM).
Distribution
(Fig. 18). Neotropical: Costa Rica (Guanacaste, Limón, Puntarenas), Mexico (Veracruz-Llave), Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies (Cuba).
Etymology
The species epithet, manza, is an abbreviated reference to the general area, Lower Manzanilla, where this species was first discovered on Trinidad.
Remarks
Discovery of this species along the coast of Trinidad was our first indication of this genus. Some specimens were initially classified as an undescribed species of Polytrichophora and others within the genus Discocerina. Additional species were discovered and with careful study of them, including characters of the male terminalia, we became aware of a monophyletic group that is somewhat between these two genera.
Although similar to Facitrichophora panama, this species is distinguished by having a grayish brown to bronzish brown mesonotum, by having two lateral, scutellar setae, and in males, by having an elongated tergite four (conspicuously longer than tergite three and subequal to tergite five). In addition, the ventrolateral margin of tergite three is produced into a curved, narrow, parallel-sided process, and the anteroventral angle of tergite five is slightly projected and acutely pointed.
Original Description
- Mathis, W; Zatwarnicki, T; 2012: A revision of the new world species of Polytrichophora Cresson and Facitrichophora, new genus (Diptera, Ephydridae) ZooKeys, 231: 1-116. doi
Images
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![Figures 14–17. Illustration of Facitrichophora manza sp. n. (male) (Mexico. Veracruz-Llave: Isla del Amor) 14 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 15 same, lateral view 16 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 17 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.](/wiki/File:ZooKeys-231-001-g006.jpg)
