Euxestophaga
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Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Cynipoidea
Name
Euxestophaga Gallardo gen. n. – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
Diagnosis
This new genus can be separated from other Ganaspini by the following combination of characters: occiput diagonally striate; female antenna clavate, club consisting of six flagellomeres; male antenna with F1 modified and longer than F2; dorsal surface of scutellum areolate-punctate, posterior border of disc bluntly rounded; lateral bars of scutellum striate; dorsal surface of scutellar plate with midpit placed close posterior margin of plate, with two or three punctures on each side, with a setae on either side; forewings hyaline, apical margin with hair fringe, marginal cell closed; base of syntergum with hairy ring present; and micropunctures present on posterior1/3 of the syntergum.
Type species
Euxestophaga argentinensis Gallardo, sp. n.
Description
Body stout, shiny. Head massive, subcircular in anterior view, broader than mesosoma, nearly glabrous. Toruli not projecting. Ocellar tubercle not prominent. Ocellar hair patches absent. Compound eyes glabrous. Inner orbital furrows present. Posterior margin of gena distinct, but not carinate. Occiput diagonally striate. Malar spaces smooth, without conical protuberances. Malar sulci present. Female antenna with 13 segments, club consisting of six flagellomeres; male antennae 15 segments, filiform. Shape of dorsal margin of pronotal plate in anterior view broadly truncate, emarginate. Mesoscutum longer than wide, quite arcuate, without median mesoscutal carinae, with rows of punctures in position of notauli, parascutal impressions incomplete. Shape of posterior part of scutellum in dorsal view bluntly rounded. Lateral bars of scutellum striate. Scutellar foveae wider than long, deep and large. Dorsal surface of scutellum areolate-puntate. Scutellar plate suboval, posterior margin rounded, dorsal surface with midpit placed close posterior margin of plate, with punctures on each side, with a setae on either side. Anteroventral cavity of metapleuron subcircular, setose. Forewings of normal size, hyaline, apical margin with hair fringe, basal margin lacking hair fringe, with membrane pubescence mostly reduced hair bases, marginal cell closed, longer than broad. Metasoma sessile; base of syntergum with hairy ring present, remainder of metasoma glabrous. Micropunctures present on posterior 1/3 of the syntergum more or less visible.
Distribution
Neotropical region: Argentina. According to the biogeography scheme of Morrone (2001[1], 2014[2]), this distribution belongs to the biogeographic provinces Chacoan and Pampean (Chacoan subregion).
Biology
Specimens of this new genus and species were reared from Euxesta eluta on Zea mays L. (Bt sweet corn). Bertolaccini et al. (2010)[3] cited Dettmeria Borgmeier (Eucoilinae, Zaeucoilini) parasitizing larvae of Euxesta species on Bt sweet corn in Argentina, but, on reviewing the material mentioned in this paper, we concluded that the specimens were misidentified as Dettmeria, which belongs to the new genus and species here described.
Etymology
In reference to genus of the host, Euxesta and “phagein”, to eat. Gender: feminine.
Remarks
Within Ganaspini, Euxestophaga is similar in morphology to Epicoela Borgmeier and Striatovertex Schick, Forshage and Nordlander, all of them present occiput diagonally striate, dorsal margin of pronotal plate emarginated, forewing with erect setae on subcostal and membrane with pubescence reduced. Epicoela includes two species known from Neotropical region, whereas Striatovertex is a genus widespread in the New World, with 13 species in total; one species in Australia, and other introduced in Hawaii from North America (Schick et al. 2011[4]). With reference to their biology, host species of Epicoela are unknown, while representatives of Striatovertex attack dipterous Sarcophagidae, Muscidae and Calliphoridae.
The three genera can be separated by the following characters:
Original Description
- Gallardo, F; Reche, V; Bertolaccini, I; Brenda Zarate, ; Curis, C; 2017: A new genus and species of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae) parasitoid of Euxesta eluta Loew (Diptera, Otitidae) attacked Bt sweet corn in Argentina Journal of Hymenoptera Research, (54): 57-70. doi
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Other References
- ↑ Morrone J (2001) Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe. M&T-Manuales & Tesis. SEA [Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa] 3: 1–148.
- ↑ Morrone J (2014) Biogeographical regionalization of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa 3782: 1–110. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3782.1.1
- ↑ Bertolaccini I, Bouzo C, Larsen N, Favaro J (2010) Especies del género Euxesta (Diptera: Ulidiidae=Otitidae) plagas de maíces dulces Bt en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina 69(1–2): 123–126.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Schick K, Forshage M, Nordlander G (2011) The “false Eucoila” finally named; Striatovertex a new genus of Eucoilinae (Hymenoptera, Cynipoidea, Figitidae). Zootaxa 2811: 59–65.
