Dirhinus

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Taxonavigation

Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Chalcididae

Name

Dirhinus Dalman, 1818 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

• Dirhinus Dalman, 1818: 75–76. Type species: Dirhinus excavatus Dalman; by monotypy.
• Eniaca Kirby, 1883: 57. Type species: Chalcis cornigera Jurine, original designation. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Masi (1919).
• Hontalia Cameron, 1884: 112–113. Type species: Hontalia caerulea Cameron; by monotypy. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Burks (1936).
• Dirrhinoidea Girault, 1912: 165–166. Type species: Dirrhinoidea maculata Girault; by original designation. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Masi (1947).
• Pareniaca Crawford, 1913: 312. Type species: Pareniaca schwarzi Crawford; by original designation. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Burks (1936).
• Eniacella Girault, 1913c: 35. Type species: Eniacella rufricornis Girault, by monotypy. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Masi (1947).
• Eniacomorpha Girault, 1915a: 354. Type species: Eniacomorpha vultura Girault; by monotypy. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Bouček and Narendran (1981).
• Dirhinoides Masi, 1947: 49. Type species: Dirhinus pachycerus Masi, original designation. Synonymised with Dirhinus by Bouček and Narendran (1981).

Diagnosis

This genus belongs to the subfamily Dirhininae which contains another genus Aplorhinus Masi (from Borneo) which differs from Dirhinus in having the scutellum with a median projection posteriorly, exceeding base of T1, the hind femur with an unusually large basal tooth and T1 covering almost the entire metasoma.

Description

Head with face produced into two strong, edged horns; fore wing with MV unusually long, but PMV and STV rudimentary. Metasoma with striate petiole. Hind femur beneath with smoothly arched comb of minute teeth.

Hosts

Diptera (Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, Glossinidae and Tephritidae).

Distribution

Asia, Australia, Europe and New World.

Key to Vietnamese species of Dirhinus Dalman (based on females)

Key to Vietnamese species of Dirhinus Dalman (based on females) — T. Narendran , C. van Achterberg

1		Apical half of antenna of female strongly widened apically (Fig. 80), clava unusually swollen (basal claval segment more than twice as broad as long); clava with an area of micro-pilosity on one side    2
–		Apical half of antenna of female slightly widened apically (Figs 72, 76), clava not unusually swollen or broad; width of basal segment of clava less than twice its length; without an area of micro-pilosity    3
2		Each frontal horn with a transverse anterior margin, without a notch apically; mesoscutum and scutellum densely punctate without any broad smooth areas; apex of scutellum with a tooth-like protuberance (Fig. 93)     Dirhinus neoclaviger sp. n.
–		Each horn with a notch apically, not with transverse margin; mesoscutum and scutellum with broad smooth areas on scapulae and scutellum, punctures sparse in middle of mesoscutum; apex of scutellum without a tooth-like protuberance (Fig. 79)     Dirhinus claviger Bouček & Narendran
3		Frontal horn robust (Fig. 73), less protruding in front of eyes; apical antennal segments brown     Dirhinus anthracia Walker
–		Frontal horn slenderer (Fig. 76), distinctly protruding in front of eyes; apical antennal segments dark brown or black    4
4		Median areola of propodeum almost parallel-sided (Fig. 78); each frontal horn in dorsal view at anterior ocular line slightly narrower than scrobal gap anteriorly (Fig. 77)     Dirhinus auratus Ashmead
–		Median areola of propodeum not parallel-sided anteriorly; each frontal horn in dorsal view at anterior ocular line not narrower than scrobal gap anteriorly; [not yet found in Vietnam]     Dirhinus secundarius Masi

Taxon Treatment

• Narendran, T; van Achterberg, C; 2016: Revision of the family Chalcididae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Vietnam, with the description of 13 new species ZooKeys, (576): 1-202. doi

Images

Figures 71–72. Dirhinus anthracia Walker, ♀, Núi Chúa N. P. 71 habitus lateral 72 head anterior.  Figures 73–74. Dirhinus anthracia Walker, ♀, Núi Chúa N. P. 73 head dorsal 74 mesosoma dorsal.  Figures 75–76. Dirhinus auratus Ashmead, ♀, Núi Chúa N. P. 75 habitus lateral 76 head anterior.  Figures 77–78. Dirhinus auratus Ashmead, ♀, Núi Chúa N. P. 77 head dorsal 78 mesosoma and base of metasoma dorsal.  Figures 79–80. Dirhinus claviger Bouček & Narendran, ♀, Núi Chúa N. P. 79 habitus lateral 80 head, latero-anterior.  Figures 81–82. Dirhinus claviger Bouček & Narendran, ♀, Núi Chúa N. P. 81 head dorsal 82 metasoma dorsal.  Figure 83. Dirhinus neoclaviger sp. n., ♀, holotype, habitus lateral.  Figures 84–85. Dirhinus neoclaviger sp. n., ♀, holotype. 84 head dorsal 85 metasoma dorsal.  Figures 91–93. Epitranus ater Bouček, ♀, Vietnam, Chu Yang Sin N. P. 91 fore wing 92 mesosoma dorsal 93 metasoma dorsal.