Crassignatha quadriventris
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Ordo: Araneae
Familia: Symphytognathidae
Genus: Crassignatha
Name
Crassignatha quadriventris (Lin & Li, 2009) comb. nov. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Patu quadriventris Lin & Li, 2009: 55, figs 7A, B, 8A, B, 9A–E, 10A, B (♂♀).
Type material
Holotype ♂ and paratypes 2♂ 2♀ (IZCAS), China: Hainan Province, Wuzhishan City, Mt. Wuzhishan Nature Reserve (18.90000°N, 109.65000°E), 9.VIII.2007, S. Li and C. Wang leg.; paratype 1♀ (IZCAS), China: Hainan Province, Qiongzhong County, Limushan Nature Reserve (19.18333°N, 109.73333°E; 655 m), 12.VIII.2007, S. Li and C. Wang leg. Examined.
Other material examined
1♂ 4♀ (IZCAS-Ar 41030–41034), China: Hainan Province, Dongfang City, Donghe Town, Nanlang Village, at the foot of Exianling Mountain (19.00633°N, 109.08383°E; 214 m), 16.XII.2014, Q. Zhao and L. Shao leg.; 1♀ (NHMSU-HA025) used for sequencing, GenBank: MT991990, same data as for preceding.
Diagnosis
This species differs from other congeneric species except C. baihua sp. nov. by the short, stiff embolus (Fig. 21A, B). It is most similar to C. baihua sp. nov. in the form of the palp and the vulva configuration but can be easily distinguished by the sloped embolic apex, rather than flat as in the latter, and by having six twists of the copulatory ducts, rather than four in the latter (Figs 21A, B, F, G, 2A, B, F, G).
Description
Male (IZCAS-Ar 41030). Total length 0.80. Carapace 0.36 long, 0.36 wide, 0.40 high. Clypeus 0.16 high. Sternum 0.28 long, 0.24 wide. Abdomen 0.52 long, 0.48 wide, 0.52 high. Length of legs: I 1.34 (0.42, 0.14, 0.34, 0.20, 0.24); II 1.10 (0.30, 0.14, 0.26, 0.16, 0.24); III 0.90 (0.24, 0.12, 0.18, 0.14, 0.22); IV 1.02 (0.30, 0.12, 0.22, 0.18, 0.20).
Somatic characters (Fig. 20A–C). Coloration: prosoma brown. Legs pale brown. Abdomen dorsally dark, with pale stripes and speckles, ventrally pale brown. Prosoma: carapace sub-rounded, granular, sculptured, with two cephalic setae. Cephalic area elevated. Clypeus concave. ALE protruded. PER strongly recurved. Chelicerae covered with few setae anteriorly. Labium tongue shaped, wider than long. Sternum heart shaped, surface rough, slightly plump, truncated posteriorly. Legs: tibia II with two clasping spurs. Abdomen: anteriorly round, nearly square posteriorly, with sparse, long setae, lateral scutum distinct. Spinnerets slightly sclerotized, surrounded by a circular plate.
Palp (Fig. 21A–C): tibia with four distal, dorsal, short setae. Cymbium bears a few distal setae. Apical cymbial tooth hook shaped. Tegulum broad, smooth, globular. Plate-like median apophysis with a sclerotized, longitudinal central ridge line and a prolaterally odontoid process. Embolic membrane arises near anterior part of median apophysis. Embolus short, stiff, basally constricted, mesally wide, distally coracoid.
Female (IZCAS-Ar 41031). Total length 1.04. Carapace 0.44 long, 0.40 wide, 0.40 high. Clypeus 0.14 high. Sternum 0.28 long, 0.28 wide. Abdomen 0.72 long, 0.68 wide, 0.80 high. Length of legs: I 1.72 (0.60, 0.18, 0.40, 0.26, 0.28); II 1.42 (0.44, 0.16, 0.34, 0.20, 0.28); III 0.98 (0.26, 0.10, 0.22, 0.16, 0.24); IV 1.18 (0.34, 0.12, 0.28, 0.18, 0.26).
Somatic characters (Fig. 20D–F). Coloration: prosoma and legs as in male. Abdomen dorsally darker than in male, ventrally lighter. Prosoma: modification and arrangement of eyes as in male, cephalic area lower than in male. Clypeus slightly concave. Mouthparts and sternum as in male. Abdomen: anteriorly round and posteriorly square, surface bears sparse, long setae, lateral scutum and circular plate absent. Spinnerets slightly sclerotized.
Epigyne (Fig. 21D–F): epigynal area weakly sclerotized, bears a few setae. Scape developed, protruded, longer than wide. Copulatory openings located at terminus. Internal structures faintly visible via translucent tegument. Paired spermathecae globose, widely separated by at least 1.5× their diameter. Fertilization ducts originating from the lower inside margin of spermathecae, bent downwards and laterally. Copulatory ducts long, connected to dorsal surface of spermathecae, from below spermathecae to the center of vulva, making six bends, then reaching copulatory openings.
Taxonomic justification
The shape of the male palps, the configuration of the epigyne, the modified carapace, and the male abdominal scutum and clasping spurs on tibia II leave no doubt that this species is a member of Crassignatha and not Patu. Therefore, we propose a new combination, C. quadriventris (Lin & Li, 2009) comb. nov., transferring it from Patu.
Distribution
China (Hainan) (Fig. 38).
Taxon Treatment
- Li, Y; Lin, Y; Li, S; 2020: A review of Crassignatha (Araneae, Symphytognathidae) ZooKeys, 988: 63-128. doi
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