Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) propeagilis
| Notice: | This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions.
If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale):
Citation formats to copy and paste
BibTeX: @article{Liu2011ZooKeys128, RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Liu2011ZooKeys128">{{Citation See also the citation download page at the journal. |
Ordo: Coleoptera
Familia: Carabidae
Genus: Chlaenius
Name
Chlaenius propeagilis Liu & Kavanaugh sp. n. – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
Types
Holotype: male (IZCAS),"Southwest Yunnan, Gongshan, Dulongjiang, 0.5km N of Dizhengdang, 28.08442, 98.32652”/ "1880 m, 2004.10.29, David Kavanaugh Coll.”/ "Holotype Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) propeagilis Liu & Kavanaugh sp. n.” [red label]. Paratypes: Total 452 specimens (IZCAS, CASC): 1 male, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan County, Cikai town, along street, N27°44'43", E98°39'53"”/ "1500 m, 2006.5.5, Liang H.B, Ba Weidong”; 2 males, "China, Yunnan, Gongshan County, Cikai Township, Nu Jiang at Dashaba, N27.73845, E098.67092”/ "1430 m, 8–9 October 2002, Stop #DHK 2002–40, D.H. Kavanaugh, P.E. Marek & H.B. Liang collectors”; 17 males and 11 females, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan County, Cikai town, Pulahe, N27°46'08", E98°39'12"”/ "1510 m, 2002.9.21–24, Liang Hongbin, Ba Weidong”; 1 male and 1 female, "China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Cikai Township, 3.3 airkm NW of Gongshan above hydropower diversion dam, 1530 m”/ "N27.77175, E098.64924, 24 September 2002, Stop # DHK 2002–028, D.H. Kavanaugh collector”; 2 males, "China, Yunnan Prov. Gongshan, Cikai Town, Pulahe joint of Nujiang, 27.74843N, 98.66498E”/ "1530m, 2004.10.23, D. Kavanaugh, Dong D.Z.”; 6 males and 6 females, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan County, Cilou (Power Station), N27°46'14", E98°39'16"”/ "1510m, 2002.5.6, Liang H.B, Ba Weidong, Yang Guodong, Li X.Q”; 5 males and 3 females, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan County, Cikai town, Gazu Station, N27°44'35", E98°36'17"”/ "1600–1750 m, 2002.5.5, Liang H.B, Ba Weidong”; 2 males, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan County, Cikai town to Qiqi Station, N27.43086, E98.34150”/ "1700–2000m, 2002.4.29, Liang Hongbin, Ba W.D.”; 7 males and 26 females, "China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Cikai Township, 3.0 airkm N of Gongshan on Pula He at hydropower diversion dam, 1500 m”/ "N27.77055°, E098.65446°, 24 September 2002, Stop # DHK 2002–027, D.H. Kavanaugh, P.E. Marek & D.Z. Dong collectors”; 3 males and 4 females (CASC), "CHINA, Yunnan Province, Gaoligong Shan, Nujiang Prefecture, Gongshan County, Qiqi He just above hydroelectric plant, 1500m”/ "N27.75748°, E98.66073°, 22 July 2000, Stop #00–269, D.H. Kavanaugh, Liang H.-B., & Dong D.-Z. collectors”; 2 males and 4 females, "China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Bingzhongluo Township, 34km N of Gongshan at junction of Shuangla He and Nu Jiang, 1550m”/ "E27.96918°, E098.66198°, 25 September 2002, stop # DHK 2002–039, D.H. Kavanaugh, P.E. Marek & D.Z. Dong collectors”; 4 males and 6 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Gongshan, Bingzhongluo, Shuangla He, beach, 27.96817N, 98.66187E”/ "1520 m, 2004.10.22, D. Kavanaugh collector”; 12 males and 10 females, "China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Bingzhongluo, Shuanglahe, riverside, N27°58'59", E98°39'15"”/ "1588 m, 2002.9.22–26, Liang H.B. Li Xiangqian”; 2 males and 5 females, "China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Bingzhongluo, Shuanglahe, riverside, N27°58'59", E98°39'15"”/ "1588 m, 2002.7.20, Ba Weidong”; 5 males and 2 female, "China, Yunnan Prov. Gongshan, Dulongjiang, 0.5 km N of Dizhengdang, 28.08442N, 98.32652E”/ "1880 m, 2004.10.29; D. Kavanaugh, Dong D.Z.”; 7 males and 4 females, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan County, Dulongjiang, Kongdang, headlamp, 27.87764N, 98.33618E”/ "1510m, 2006.8.27, David Kavanaugh”; 12 males and 17 females, "China, Yunnan Provin. Gongshan, Dulongjiang, Xianjiudang village, 27.94092N, 98.33340E”/ "1580m, 2004.11.4, D. Kavanaugh, Dong D.Z.”;1 male, "China, Yunnan, Fugong County, Shangpa Town, west bank of Nu Jiang, 1185 m, N26.90668, E098.86339”/ "13 October 2002, Stop #DHK 2002–047, D.H. Kavanaugh, P.E. Marek & H.B. Liang, D.Z. Dong collectors”; 5 males and 3 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Fugong, Shangpa Town, Nujiang, River, 26.90650N, 98.86397E”/ "1175 m, 2004.4.20, Liang H.B. coll.”; 9 males and 4 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Fugong, Shangpa Town, Beach of Nujiang, 26.90650N, 98.86397E”/ 1175 m, 2005.8.20, Liang H.B. Zhang J.F. Dong D.Z.”; 7 males and 5 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Fugong, Shangpa Town, Mugujia, riverside, 26.86203N, 98.87142E”/ 1177 m, 2005.8.22, Dong Dazhi collector”; 1 male and 2 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Fugong, Shangpa, Mugujia, round waterfall, 26.86203N, 98.87142E”/ 1177 m, 2005.8.22, Liang H.B. Zhang J.F.”; 1 female, "China, Yunnan, Fugong, Lumadeng Township, 2km airkm S of Aludi on Nu Jiang, 1245 m, N27.09037, E098.87359”/ "20 September 2002, Stop # DHK 2002–022, D.H. Kavanaugh & H.B. Liang collectors”; 1 female, "China, Yunnan Prov., Fugong, Pihe at junction of Nujiang River, 26.53177N, 98.89753E”/ "1060 m, 2004.4.20, D. Kavanaugh, C. Griswold”; 2 males and 6 females, "China, Yunnan, Lushui, Liuku, west bank of Nu Jiang, 960 m, N25.854, E098.852/ "15 October 2002, stop # DHK 2002–050, D.Z. Dong collector”; 1 male and 2 females, "China, Yunnan Provin. Lushui, Beach of Nujiang River, under stone, N25°51'20", E98°50'58"”/ 800 m, 2002.9.19, Liang Hongbin”; 2 males and 2 females (CASC), "CHINA, Yunnan Province, Gaoligongshan Mountains, Nujiang Prefecture, Lushui County, Salween River, 17 km N of Liuku, 970m”/ "25°58.7'N, 98°50.4'E, 21 October 1998, Stop #98–120, D.H. Kavanaugh & C.-L. Long collectors”; 2 females (CASC), "CHINA, Yunnan Province, Nujiang Prefecture, Lushui County, Liuku Township, Liuku, 800m”/ "25.86010°N, 98.85155°E, 25–26 June 2000, Stop #00–7, D.H. Kavanaugh & Liang H.-B. collectors”; 4 males and 5 females (CASC), "CHINA, Yunnan Province, Nujiang Prefecture, Lushui County, San jiang Township, Nu Jiang, 790m”/ "25.72964°N, 98.87180°E, 26 June 2000, Stop #00–9, D.H. Kavanaugh & Liang H.-B. collectors”; 7 male and 7 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Baoshan, Longyang, Bawan, Dongfengqiao, 24.98742N, 98.87047E”/ "670 m, 2005.6.1, D. Kavanaugh, Dong D.Z.”; 15 male and 16 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Baoshan, Longyang, Bawan, Dongfengqiao, 24.98535N, 98.87382E”/ "670 m, 2005.5.29–6.1, Liang H.B. Dong D.Z.”; 1 male, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Mangbang, Longwenqiao, 25.02329N, 98.67710E”/ "1290 m, 2006.6.5, Liang H.B. Hu P.”; 6 males and 7 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Mangbang, Longwenqiao, beach, 25.02396N, 98.67675E”/ "1285 m, 2006.6.5, David Kavanaugh”; 3 males and 1 female, "China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong, Shangying, N25°02'29.7", E98°40'22.9"” / "1335 m, 2003.10.19, Liang H.B, Shi X.C.”; 2 males and 8 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong Co., Wuhe Town, Longjiangqiao, 24.89499N, 98.67510E”/ "1205 m, 2005.V.24, Kavanaugh D. Dong D.Z.”; 1 female, "China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong, Wuhe Township, Longjiang Bridge on Longchuanjiang”/ "N24.89889, E098.67667, 1215 m, 28 October 2003, under rocks, Dong D.Z. collector”; 17 males and 9 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Wuhe, Longjiangqiao, beach, 24.89176N, 98.67551E”/ "1230 m, 2006.6.3, Kavanaugh D. Brett R.”; 4 males and 4 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong Co., Wuhe Town, Longjiangqiao, 24.89284N, 98.67439E”/ "1210 m, 2005.V.24, Liang H.B. Yang J.L”; 1 male, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Wuhe, Longjiangqiao, beach, 24.89293N, 98.67489E”/ "1220 m, 2006.6.3, Liang H.B. Hu P.”; 3 males, "China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong Co. Qushi Township, Shuang He Cun, N25.32555, E098.60861”/ "1464 m, 21 October 2003, under rocks, Dong D.Z. collector”; 2 males, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Qushi, Xiangyangqiao, beach, 25.21221N, 98.57836E”/ "1500 m, 2006.V.24, David Kavanaugh”; 2 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Qushi, Xiangyangqiao, beach, 25.23939N, 98.62723E”/ "1440 m, 2006.V.24, David Kavanaugh”; 11 males and 14 females (CASC), "CHINA, Yunnan Province, Gaoligongshan Mountains, Baoshan Prefecture, Tengchong County, Longchuan River at Longkou village”/ ”25°16.9'N, 98°35.5'E, 1500 m, 25 October 1998, Stop #98–126, D.H. Kavanaugh, C.E. Griswold, & C.-L. Long collectors”; 6 males and 1 female, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Qushi, Longkou, beach, 25.28175N, 98.59246E”/ "1500 m, 2006.6.6, David Kavanaugh”; 5 males and 1 female (CASC), "CHINA, Yunnan Province, Gaoligongshan Mountains, Baoshan Prefecture, Tengchong County, Longchuan River at Longkou village”/ "25°16.9'N, 98°35.5'E, 1500 m, 2 November 1998, Stop #98–128, D.H. Kavanaugh, C.E. Griswold, C.-L. Long, R. Li, & H.-X. He collectors”; 3 males and 5 females, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Qushi, Qinqiao, 25.27236N, 98.60093E”/ "1460 m, 2006.6.2–6, David Kavanaugh, Brett R.”; 4 males and 4 females, "China, Yunnan Province, Tengchong, Zhoujiapo Village, N25.33222, E098.67611”/ "1740 m, 24 October 2003, under rocks Dong D.Z. collector”; 3 males, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Jietou, Yonganqiao, beach, 25.32502N, 98.70459E”/ "1470 m, 2006.V.24, Liang H.B.”; 2 males and 1 female, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Jietou, Yonganqiao, beach, 25.32504N, 98.60959E”/ "1470 m, 2006.5.24, Kavanaugh D. Brett R.”; 1 male, "China, Yunnan Prov. Tengchong, Hehua, Dengma, on beach, 24.92346N, 98.38612E”/ "1105 m, 2006.6.2, Kavanaugh D. Brett R.”; 3 males and 1 female, "China, Yunnan Province, Jingping Co., Mengla Town, Mengla-daqiao, River side 22˚39'45.7",103˚04'44.7"”/ "312m, 2003.12.15, day, Liang H B, Boris Kataev Colls.”; 12 males and 10 females (IZCAS), "Yunnan, Jingdong, 1100m”/ "1982.IV.29–V.2, Yu P.Y.& Liao S.B.”; 1 female, "Yunnan, Honghe Prefecture, Lvchun, Huanglianshan, 2009.V. 16, Bai X. X. coll.” 2 males and 1 female, "Yunnan, Menglun, Xishuanbanna Botanical Garden”, "2005.5.22, light trap, Zheng Guo leg.”; 3 males and 5 females, "China, Sichuan, Yajiang, Hekou Town, Shabeihou, Yalongjiang, N30.00020, E101.01526”/ "2583m, 2009.5.27–28, Liang H.B.”; 1 female (IZCAS), "China, Tibet, Bomi Yi"ong, Tangmai bridge, Beach of Yi"ong Zangbo, 30.09633N, 95.06577E”/ "2035m, 2006.8.30 N, Liang H.B., Song Z.S.”. Each paratype with an additional yellow label: "Paratype Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) propeagilis Liu & Kavanaugh sp. n.”
Diagnosis
Antennomere 1 elongate ovoid (Fig. 54); color of antennomeres 1–3 lighter than antennomeres 4–11; intervals 1–5 almost glabrous medially, with one or two rows of pubescence at each lateral side, more evenly pubescent near apex (Fig. 82); apical lamella of aedeagus moderately triangular (Fig. 121), thick and reflexed in lateral view (Fig. 122).
Description
Total length = 15.50–17.00 mm (mean = 15.71), width = 5.60–6.13 mm (mean = 5.81); HW = 2.75–2.95 mm (mean = 2.82), EYL = 1.00–1.15 mm (mean = 1.09), ratio Ant3/Ant1 = 1.73–1.93 (mean = 1.81), PL/PW = 0.78–0.85 (mean = 0.83), EL/EW = 1.62–1.79 (mean = 1.73), EL/ PL = 1.29–1.45 (mean = 1.36).
Head and pronotum black with green or coppery metallic luster; elytra black; ventral surface black, with some slight metallic reflection; coxae almost black; mandibles dark brown; antennomeres 4–11, palpomere, trochanters, tibiae at both ends, and tarsomeres reddish or brown; antennomeres 1–3, femora and middle portions of tibiae yellow or yellowish-brown.
Head rugose near eyes and occiput, vertex sparsely rugose; eyes prominent; antennomere 1 elongate–ovoid (Fig. 54); labrum concave at apex, with distinct microsculpture; mentum tooth emarginate apically.
Pronotum cordate, moderately convex; lateral margins bordered; disk almost smooth, sparsely rugose and setose near base and lateral margins; basal foveae moderately deep.
Elytra widest at mid-length; humeral angle obtuse (Fig. 68); striae deep, punctate; intervals moderately convex, intervals 1–5 almost glabrous medially, with a row of pubescence laterally, intervals more evenly pubescent near apex (Fig. 82); intervals 6–9 pubescent throughout and with intervals 7–9 more densely pubescent than 6.
Abdominal sterna bordered, densely pubescent laterally; sterna IV–VI sparsely pubescent medially; sternum VII rugose–pubescent, with apex narrowly rounded or subobtuse in males (Fig. 98), more broadly rounded in female (Fig. 99).
Apical lamella of aedeagus moderately triangular (Fig. 121), thick and bent ventrally (Fig. 122). Gonostylus (Figs 14–15).
Etymology
The Latinized namepropeagilis refers to the similarity of members of this species to those of Chlaenius agilis.
Geographical distribution
Fig. 158. Known only from southeastern Tibet and Yunnan Province, China.
Remarks
Mensural data cited in the description were based on measurements obtained from 5 males and 5 females selected for maximum variation.
Specimens of Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) collected from western Yunnan were initially determined as Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir. However, after comparison of the male genitalia with those of type specimens of Chlaenius agilis, we are convinced that they represent a distinct new species. Males differ from those of Chlaenius agilis in having the median lobe of aedeagus gradually bent near the base in lateral view (Fig. 122), whereas Chlaenius agilis males have the median lobe abruptly bent with a depression near the base (Fig. 124).
This species is clearly very closely related to Chlaenius agilis. At present, the known ranges of these two species are broadly disjunct (Fig. 158). We know of no locality records for any Chlaenius (Lithochlaenius) species from the intervening area (i.e., between northcentral India and southeastern Tibet and western Yunnan Province. Whether this distributional gap represents a real disjunction or is only an artifact of inadequate collecting in the area to date can only be determined from additional sampling efforts in the region. It would be particularly informative to determine whether or not any populations representing the propeagilis/agilis lineage occur in the region and, if so, whether or not males display intermediate genitalic traits.
Original Description
- Liu, Y; Kavanaugh, D; Shi, H; Liang, H; 2011: A key to species of subgenus Lithochlaenius (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini, Chlaenius), with descriptions of three new species ZooKeys, 128: 15-52. doi
Images
|
