Chilicola vina
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Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Colletidae
Genus: Chilicola
Name
Chilicola vina Toro & Moldenke, 1979 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Chilicola vina Toro & Moldenke, 1979: 124–125 (male holotype, female allotype, AMNH [examined]). Packer 2008[1]: 77. Montalva and Ruz 2010: 29 (checklist). Moure et al. 2012[2] (catalogue). Ascher and Pickering 2015[3] (checklist).
Diagnosis
Males are diagnosable by the combination of malar space 1.2–1.4× as long as the clypeal lateral, apical surface of the S1 process weakly longitudinally concave, and the LOT passing through the anterior tentorial pits. Females are diagnosable by the combination of protibia yellow on basal half of dorsal surface only, malar space 1.2–1.3× as long as clypeal lateral, and LOT passing through the anterior tentorial pits. Longer-faced individuals of both sexes may be confused with Chilicola diaguita and are best distinguished by the position of the LOT, which in Chilicola diaguita passes above or just tangent to the upper margin of the anterior tentorial pits. Additionally, males of Chilicola vina have the S8 anteromedial sclerotized margin swollen, forming a convex incursion into the membranous interior (sclerotized edge subparallel to margin throughout in Chilicola diaguita).
Description
Male. Length 6.0–6.5mm, forewing length 3.5–3.7mm, head width 1.3mm, thorax width 1.3–1.4mm, median ocellar diameter (OD) 0.13mm.
Colouration: Black-brown, following parts yellow: labrum except apical margin; inverted T shape on clypeus, apex dark laterad; lower paraocular area at most up to level of transverse portion of epistomal suture medially, extending further laterally but not reaching lower tangent of antennal socket; apicoventral spot on scape; apicoventral surface of pedicel; protrochanter apical rim posteriorly; apex of profemur broadly on anterior surface, narrowly on posterior surface; dorsal surface of protibia, including dorsal half of anterior surface; narrow apical ring on mesofemur; narrow basal ring and apicodorsal rim of mesotibia; wide basal ring on metatibia, narrow apical ring wider ventrally; basal half to two-thirds of metabasitarsus ventrally; anterior spot on tegula. Ventral surface of antennal flagellum yellow-brown, narrowing basally on F1, F11 brown. Apical half of prodistitarsus variably yellow to yellow-brown. Ventral metatibial carina black. Metasoma black, T1-T7 marginal zones translucent yellow.
Pubescence: White hairs generally short (0.5OD) and sparse, not especially plumose; on lower paraocular area and around antennal base long and moderately dense (1.5-2OD); genal beard long and moderately dense (0.5-3OD) longest at midlength; mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum mostly bare, few short hairs (0.5OD), longer and denser toward lateral margin as follows: mesoscutum (0.5-1OD), scutellum (1-2OD) also on posterior margin, longest posteromedially, metanotum (≤2.5OD); propodeal hairs moderately long and dense dorsolaterally (0.5-2OD); T1-T3 apicolateral patches of tomentum (0.5-1OD); S2 hairs long and dense (1.5OD basolaterad, 0.5OD distilaterad, shorter mesad).
Surface sculpture: Microsculpture imbricate, integument generally dull; punctures generally small and deep. Clypeus and lower paraocular areas moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) except clypeus sparsely punctate medially (i=2-3d); supraclypeal area moderately densely and irregularly punctate (i=1-4d) densely punctate toward lateral margin (i<d); frontal area very densely punctate (i≤0.5d), densely punctate around ocelli (i≤d); ocellocular space moderately densely punctate adjacent to compound eye (i=1-2d) becoming impunctate adjacent to lateral ocellus; vertexal area rugose and densely punctate (i≤d); scape shallowly and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) densely punctate apicoventrally (i≤d); genal area microstriate and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); hypostomal area weakly imbricate and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); pronotum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d), lateral surface coarsely imbricate; mesoscutum and scutellum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d) punctures crowded around median (i≤d), mesoscutum more sparsely punctate laterally (i=1-2d); mesepisternum irregularly punctate, sparse below scrobe (i=1-3d), sparser anterior of episternal groove (i≥3d), irregularly spaced on hypoepimeral area (i≤2d); metanotum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) punctures crowded around median and anteriorly (i≤0.5d); metepisternum densely punctate (i≤d) distinctly longitudinally striate anterodorsally; metapostnotum rugose, fewer transverse lineations posteriorly; propodeum coarsely imbricate, rugulose posteriorly, moderately densely punctate throughout (i=1-2d); T1-T5 coarsely imbricate; T1 sparsely punctate basally (i≥2d) moderately densely punctate apically (i≤2d); T2-T5 moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) basal depressed area more coarsely microsculptured but punctures distinct; T6 coarsely imbricate posteriorly; T6-T7 moderately sparsely punctate (i=1-3d); marginal zones of terga weakly imbricate and shiny, minutely punctate.
Structure: Labrum 2.1× wider than long (21:10); malar space ~1.4× as long as clypeal lateral (11:8); LOT at level of anterior tentorial pits; clypeus ~1.25× as long as maximum width in frontal view (36:29) extending for approximately half its length beyond LOT; clypeus median longitudinal groove present but weak apically; subantennal sutures ~1.2× as long as the shortest distance between them (17:14); IAD ~1.6× AOD (11:7); scape 2.5× as long as maximum width (25:10); pedicel as long as wide (9:9); F1 shorter than wide (8.5:9.5); F2 ~1.6× as long as F1 and shorter than F3 (F2:F3 - 13.5:16); UOD 1.5× LOD, IOD ~1.1× UOD (UOD:IOD:LOD - 51:56:34); frontal line carinate in lower two-fifths, flat just below median ocellus for a length of ~1OD, otherwise roughly defined; MOC subequal to width of head (93:90); OOC ~0.67× IOC (12:18); genal area ~0.6× as wide as compound eye in lateral view (17:31); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum - 62:23:14.5:19; probasitarsus 4× as long as maximum depth (24:6); length of prodistitarsus subequal to that of preceding three tarsomeres combined (from II to V - 7:6:4:16); metafemur ~2× as long as maximum depth (71:36); summit of metatibial ventral convexity broadly rounded and near tibial apex; metatibia ~1.9× as long as maximum depth (56:30); in apical view apical lamina of metatibia broad and thick, length subequal to OD (10:10); ventral metatibial carina toothed near apex, posterior carina sublinear and weakly defined basally; metabasitarsus ~4.67× as long as maximum depth (42:9); S1 process apical surface longitudinally concave at least posteriorly, in lateral view anterior and posterior margins divergent apically, apex appearing anteriorly bent. S7 apodemal arm sclerotized margin terminating laterally at arm midlength; ventral lobe ~0.33× as broad as basal attached length; dorsal lobe strap-like, subparallel-sided and somewhat anteriorly curved, with basal tuft of long setae and a short apical row, midlength bare. S8 lateral process ~1.2× wider than long, anteromedial sclerotized margin having distinct convex incursion, appearing swollen. Gonobase apicoventral truncate process biconvex and distinctly notched by a width less than one convexity.
Female. Length 4.9–6.1mm, forewing length 3.2–3.5mm, head width 1.1–1.2mm, thorax width 1.1–1.3mm, median ocellar diameter (OD) 0.12mm.
Colouration: Black to black-brown except as follows: mandible with yellow basal spot, translucent yellow in apical half except apex translucent brown. Following parts variably brown to black: pedicel, F1 and F2, on apicoventral margins; apicodorsal rim of metafemur; wide basal ring on metatibia. Following parts variably yellow to yellow-brown: ventral surface of F3-F10, suffused with brown basally; dorsal surface of protibia in basal half; apical half of prodistitarsus; basidorsal spot on mesotibia. Anterior spot on tegula absent or faintly translucent yellow. Metasoma black, T1-T5 marginal zones translucent yellow.
Pubescence: As in male except as follows: on lower paraocular area and around antennal base moderately long and moderately dense (1OD); genal beard sparse (0.5–2OD); discs of mesoscutum, scutellum, and metanotum with spase short hairs (≤0.5OD), denser and as long or longer toward lateral margin as follows: mesoscutum (≤0.5OD), scutellum (1–1.5OD) also on posterior margin, longest posteromediallym metanotum (≤2OD); propodeal hairs moderately long and dense dorsolaterally (0.5–1.5OD); scopae on metafemur and metatibia (1–2OD); T1-T2 apicolateral patches of tomentum (0.5–1OD), T3 apicolateral hair band sparse, not tomentose; S1 hairs long and moderately dense (≤2.5OD); S2 scopal hairs (1–3OD).
Surface sculpture: As in male except as follows: clypeus moderately densely punctate throughout (i=1-2d); supraclypeal, vertexal, and genal areas moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) except supraclypeal area more densely punctate toward lateral margin (i≤d); frontal area densely punctate (i≤d); scape shallowly and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); hypostomal area weakly imbricate to glossy apically, sparsely punctate (i≥2d); mesoscutum and scutellum densely punctate (i=0.5-1d); mesepisternum irregularly punctate, sparse below scrobe (i=2-4d), sparser anterior of episternal groove (i≥4d), impunctate just dorsad of scrobe, otherwise irregular and moderately dense on hypoepimeral area (i≤2d); metanotum moderately densely punctate (i=0.5-2d); metapostnotum rugose, fewer transverse lineations posteriorly; propodeum moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d); T1-T5 punctures small and sparse (i=1-3d); T6 moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d).
Structure: Labrum 2.3× wider than long (23:10); malar space ~1.3× as long as clypeal lateral (9.5:7.5); LOT at level of anterior tentorial pits; clypeus ~1.1× as long as maximum width in frontal view (33:29) extending for approximately half its length beyond LOT; median longitudinal groove weak on clypeus; subantennal sutures subequal in length to the shortest distance between them (13.5:13); IAD ~1.33× AOD (12:9); scape ~3.6× as long as maximum width (25:7); pedicel as long as wide (6.5:6.5); F1 as long as wide (8:8); F2 shorter than F1 and shorter than F3 (F2:F3 - 4.5:6); UOD ~1.4× LOD, IOD ~1.1× as long as UOD (UOD:IOD:LOD - 49:53:36); frontal line carinate in lower third, flat above; MOC ~1.1× as long as width of head (86:79); OOC ~0.65× IOC (12:19); genal area ~0.65× as wide as eye in lateral view (17:26); ratio of lengths of mesoscutum: scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum – 58:21:10:14; probasitarsus 4× as long as maximum depth (24:6); length of prodistitarsus ~0.9× that of preceding three tarsomeres combined (from II to V - 6:5:5:14); metafemur ~3.1× as long as maximum depth (50:16); metatibia ~4.2× as long as maximum depth (59:14); metabasitarsus ~4.4× as long as maximum depth (40:9).
Material studied
(58 males & 71 females): Holotype (male): Region V, Cuesta la Dormida, S 33.067°, W 71.019°, 1197m, Moldenke (AMNH); Allotype (female): same data as holotype (AMNH); RM Santiago: one paratype female, Pr. Valparaíso & Santiago, Cuesta La Dormida, S 33.068°, W 70.998°, 1078m, 1970-72, A.R. Moldenke, INT BIOL PROGRAM (AMNH); one female, same locality, 20.x.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on Loasa, INT BIOL PROGRAM 31210 (AMNH); one female, same locality, 20.x.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on Loasa, INT BIOL PROGRAM 31209 (AMNH); one female, same locality, 20.x.1971, A.R. Moldenke, on Stachys grandidentata, INT BIOL PROGRAM 31245 (AMNH); two females, same locality, 9.x.1971, A.R. Moldenke, INT BIOL PROGRAM 31104, INT BIOL PROGRAM 31108 (AMNH); two males and two females, Chacabuco: Cuesta la Dormida, S 33.068°, W 70.998°, 1078m, 15.xi.1992, Rozen, Sharkov, Snyder (AMNH); two females, Caleu, S 32.998°, W 70.977°, 1054m, 3.x.2000, L. Packer (PCYU); one male, nr. Caleu, S 33.0089°, W 70.9966°, 1230m, 26.x.2010, L. Packer, B09857-C02 Bees of Chile310 (PCYU); one male and seven females, Espinalillo, S 33.0050°, W 70.9406°, 877m, 5.v.2013, L. Packer (PCYU); one male and one female, same data (CTMI); two males, El Paico, S 33.689°, W 71.055°, 252m, i.1975, Luis E. Peña (AMNH); three males and two females, Pte. Alto, S 33.617°, W 70.567°, 705m, 5.xii.1999, F. Vivallo, on Aloysium citriodora (UFRJ); one male and one female, same locality and collector, 10.i.2000, on Aloysium citriodora (UFRJ); eleven males, same locality and collector, 4.ii.2001 (UFRJ); eight males, same locality and collector, 4.ii.2001, on Aloysium citriodora (UFRJ); three males, same locality and collector, 4.iii.2001, on Aloysium citriodora (UFRJ); two males, same locality and collector, 25.xii.2001, F. Vivallo (UFRJ); five males, same locality and collector, 25.xii.2001, F. Vivalo, on Aloysium citriodora (UFRJ); one male, Quebrada de San Ramón, S 33.433°, W 70.516°, 853m, xii.1974, L.E. Peña (AMNH); one female, Río Maipo, El Manzano, S 33.587°, W 70.395°, 898m, 18.i.1975, M. Pasten (AMNH); one male, E of El Volcán, S 33.4971°, W 70.0263°, 1953m, 7.i.2009, L. Packer, CCDB-03755 A09 // PCYU CHI09-9-3-016 (PCYU); one male, E of El Volcán, S 33.8282°, W 70.0437°, 1963m, 31.xii-7.i.2013, L. Packer & R. Smith, pan trap, CCDB-22789 D09 (PCYU); Region IV: one female, Los Vilos path of Lobos, S 31.938°, W 71.515°, 15m, 11.v.2010, Packer & Fraser, B09866-D01 Bees of Chile226 (PCYU); fourteen females, Limarí Prov., Las Mollacas, E of Monte Patria, S 30.753°, W 70.657°, 1142m, 13.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher, on Oxalis (AMNH); one male and three females, Los Molles, S 30.7496°, W 70.6486°, 1147m, 12.x.2013, S. Monckton, CCDB-19989 B01 // PCYU 0021675, CCDB-19989 B02 // PCYU 0021676, PCYU 0020825, PCYU 0020826 (PCYU); one female, Limarí Prov., Embalse Recoleta, 21 km NE Ovalle, S 30.495°, W 71.086°, 406m, 11-12.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); one female, Las Breas, S 30.369°, W 70.613°, 1622m, 23.ix.1980, H. Toro (AMNH); one male, Chañares, S 30.295°, W 70.629°, 1389m, 12.ix.1984, H. Toro (PUCV); one male and two females, Limarí Prov., Chañar, S 30.2804°, W 70.6402°, 1520m, 11-30.ix.2004, A. Ugarte (PCYU); four females, Limarí Prov., Chañar, S 30.2804°, W 70.6402°, 1564m, 4.ix.2004, L. Packer (PCYU); four males, Elqui: 16 km south Pisco, S 30.248°, W 70.495°, 1811m, 26.x.1992, A. Sharkov (AMNH); one female, Elqui Prov., 14 km S of Pisco Elqui, S 30.23°, W 70.495°, 1733m, 6.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); two females, Elqui Prov., 26 km S of Vicuña, S 30.19°, W 70.661°, 1691m, 5.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); one male, El Pangue, S 30.168°, W 70.663°, 1711m, x.1972, H. Toro (PUCV); four females, Elqui Prov., Pangue, S 30.1539°, W 70.6639°, 1686m, 11-30.ix.2004, A. Ugarte (PCYU); five females, Elqui Prov., Pisco Elqui, S 30.122°, W 70.493°, 1247m, 6.x.1994, Rozen, Quinter, Ascher (AMNH); one male, El Tofo, S 29.442°, W 71.252°, 631m, x.1972, L. Ruz, on Flourensia (PUCV); Region V: one female, Pr. Aconcagua, Papudo/Zapallar, i.1973, A.R. Moldenke, 45330 INT BIOL Program (AMNH); one female, Paihuén, S 31.384°, W 70.848°, 501m, 4.xii.1983, M. Rojas (PUCV); one female, Choapa, Pichidangui, S 32.138°, W 71.507°, 15m, 10.ii.2003, F.D. Parker, pan trap, CHL-14610-84 // USDA Native Bee Survey BBSL695284 (BBSL); one female, Loncura, S 32.786°, W 71.508°, 38m, 5.x.2000, L. Packer (PCYU); one male, Aconcagua: Los Andes, S 32.809°, W 70.645°, 767m, xii.1989, Luis E. Peña (AMNH); one female, Quinta Vergara, S 33.0321°, W 71.5526°, 71m, 18.xi.2000, F. Vivallo (UFRJ); one male, El Salto, S 33.041°, W 71.522°, 31m, 6.xi.1966, L. Ruz (PUCV); one female, Belloto, S 33.048°, W 71.408°, 127m, 22.x.1967, collector unknown (PUCV); one male, Cuesta la Dormida, S 33.067°, W 71.019°, 1197m, 26.x.2010, L. Packer, PCYU 0004674 (PCYU); one male, Valparaíso Prov., Río Marga Marga, Los Perales, S 33.15°, W 71.317°, 330m, 13.x.1966, M. Irwin & E.I. Schlinger (BBSL); one male, Colliguay, S 33.171°, W 71.164°, 491m, 17.ix.1976, O. Martinez (PUCV); two females, Colliguay, Las Compuertas, S 33.169°, W 71.134°, 515m, 4.x.2000, L. Packer, CCDB-03755 C03, CCDB-19989 C08 (PCYU); two females, Alto de Cantillana, Alhue, S 33.979°, W 70.987°, 1398m, 25.xi.2000, L. Packer (PCYU).
Distribution
Coquimban Desert, Central Coastal Cordillera, Central Valley, and Southern Andean Cordillera, from Viña del Mar (Region V) north to Pisco Elqui (Region IV), south to Alto de Cantillana (RM Santiago), and east to E of El Volcán (RM Santiago); 15–1963m a.s.l.
Ecology
Collected on Aloysia citriodora Palau (19 records), Flourensia DC. (1 record), Loasa Adans. (2 records), Oxalis (14 records), and Stachys grandidentata Lindl. (1 record). Recorded September to March and May.
Taxon Treatment
- Monckton, S; 2016: A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species ZooKeys, (591): 1-144. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ Packer L (2008) Phylogeny and classification of the Xeromelissinae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea, Colletidae) with special emphasis on the genus Chilicola. Systematic Entomology 33: 72–96. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2007.00398.x
- ↑ Moure J, Urban D, Melo G (2012) Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region – online version. http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue [Viewed 2015]
- ↑ Ascher J, Pickering J (2015) Discover Life Bee Species Guide and World Checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila). http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?guide=Apoidea_species [Viewed 2015]
