Carpinus tibetana
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Ordo: Fagales
Familia: Betulaceae
Genus: Carpinus
Name
Carpinus tibetana Z. Qiang Lu & J. Quan Liu sp. nov. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Diagnosis
Carpinus tibetana differs from C. monbeigiana by 19–24 lateral veins on each side of the midvein and dense pubescence on the abaxial leaf and from C. mollicoma by the nutlet with dense resinous glands and glabrous or sparsely villous at apex.
Type
CHINA. Tibet: Bomi County, Yigong, Tongmai, 95°04'31"E, 30°06'05"N, 2060 m, forest edge, 28 Aug 2016, Z.Q. Lu 2016QTP001 (holotype, LZU; isotypes, LZU, PE, KUN).
Description
Trees to 10 m tall, deciduous; bark grey, smooth. Branchlets dark grey, densely yellow or white pubescent when young, glabrescent the next year. Stipules deciduous. Petiole 5–8 mm, densely white or yellow puescent; leaves alternate, leaf blade ovate-elliptic or elliptic, usually 5–8 cm × 2–3 cm, abaxially sericeous-villous along veins, pubescent elsewhere, base rounded or rounded-cuneate, margin irregularly and doubly setiform mucronate serrate, apex attenuate-acuminate or caudate-acuminate; lateral veins (17) 19–23 on each side of midvein. Male inflorescence pendulous, spicate-cymose, cylindric, enclosed by buds during winter, with many overlapping bracts, 1.5–5.0 cm × 5.0–8.0 mm when mature; flowers without bracteoles, inserted at base of bracts. Female inflorescence terminal or axillary on dwarf shoots, racemose; flowers paired; bracts leaflike, complanate, overlapping. Mature infructescence 5–10 cm × 2.0–3.5 cm; peduncle ca. 1.2 cm, densely yellow hirsute; bracts of female flowers loosely overlapping, 1.5–1.9 cm × 6–8 mm, abaxially densely yellow hirsute along reticulate veins, outer margin coarsely dentate, without basal lobe, inner margin entire, with inflexed basal auricle, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate; veins 5–6. Nutlet ovoid-ellipsoid, 3.2–3.6 mm × 2.2–2.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely villous at apex, densely brown or orange resinous glandular, prominently 8- or 9-ribbed. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Jul–Sep.
Etymology
Due to its narrow distribution in Tibet, we give the specific epithet (Carpinus tibetana) referring to the name of the Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet) of China where it is distributed.
Phenology
Flowering from April to May and fruiting from May to September.
Habitat and distribution
Up to now, according to our field surveys and sampling records in Chinese Virtual Herbarium (CVH), Carpinus tibetana has only been collected in Bomi and Motuo Counties (Figure 4). The new species usually grows at the forest edge and miscellaneous wood forest at elevations from 1550–2300 m a.s.l. This species probably extends its distribution to other Himalayan and adjacent regions in India, Nepal and Bhutan. Therefore, the Carpinus specimens collected from these regions need to be examined and confirmed and further field investigations to these regions should be conducted.
Additional specimens examined
CHINA. Tibet: Linzhi City, Yigong River, forest edge, 2300 m, 8 Aug 1983, B.S. Li et al. 06467 & 6467 (PE); Bomi County, near to Yigong Town, secondary forest, 2100 m, 8 Sep 1976, Wu 5649 (PE); Bomi County, Tongmai, mixed forest, 2080 m, 24 Jun 1976, Anonymous 2505 (PE); Bomi County, Tongmai to Lulang along the G318 National Road, forest edge, 95°00'48'' E, 30°02'35"N, 2060 m, 26 Sep 2009, H. Sun et al. SunH-07ZX-2725 (KUN); Motuo County, Dexing, 26 Apr 1993, H. Sun et al. 6008 (PE); Motuo County, from Ani to Hanmi, forest edge, 1550 m, 19 Sep 1980, Anonymous 15079 (PE); Motuo County, forest edge, 1500 m, 29 Jun 1980, W.L. Chen 10780 (PE); Bomi County, Yigong, Tongmai, 95°04'31"E, 30°06'05"N, 2060 m, forest edge, 28 Aug 2016, Z.Q. Lu 2016QTP002–Z.Q. Lu 2016QTP011 (LZU).
Key for identification of these four related species in Yunnan and Tibet, ChinaOriginal Description
- Lu, Z; Li, Y; Yang, X; Liu, J; 2018: Carpinus tibetana (Betulaceae), a new species from southeast Tibet, China PhytoKeys, (98): 1-13. doi
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