Bracon mellitor
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Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Braconidae
Genus: Bracon
Name
Bracon mellitor Say, 1836 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Bracon mellitor Goidanich 1931[1]
- Bracon vernoniae Ashm.: Leonardi 1925[2]
Distribution
This species, distributed in North America from Canada to Mexico, is also present in Cuba, Brazil, Hawaii, while it is not present in Europe. In 1935 it was introduced from Hawaii into Egypt to control the Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders, 1844) (Lepidoptera Gelechiidae), but it seems not established (Bey 1951[3], Yu et al. 2012[4]).
Host range
Bracon mellitor lives on many hosts, mainly belonging to the Coleoptera Curculionidae and several families of Lepidoptera, especially Tortricidae, Pyralidae, Gelechiidae and Noctuidae (Yu 1997-2012[5]; Yu et al. 2012[4]). Among these species are included the already mentioned Paralobesia viteana and Lobesia botrana. The former was initially confused with Lobesia botrana (see e.g. Johnson and Hammar 1912[6]), and it is likely that the record of Bracon vernoniae on Lobesia botrana reported by Leonardi (1925)[2] originates from this mistake, since Marsh (1979)[7] and Tillman and Cate (1989)[8] did not include this moth among the hosts of this Bracon.
Taxon Treatment
- Scaramozzino, P; Loni, A; Lucchi, A; 2017: A review of insect parasitoids associated with Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) in Italy. 1. Diptera Tachinidae and Hymenoptera Braconidae (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) ZooKeys, (647): 67-100. doi
Other References
- ↑ Goidanich A (1931) Gli insetti predatori e parassiti della Pyrausta nubilalis Hübn. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del R. Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna 4: 77–218.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Leonardi G (1925) Elenco delle specie di Insetti dannosi e dei loro parassiti ricordati in Italia fino all’anno 1911. Parte II. Ord. Lepidoptera. Annali della Scuola superiore di Agricoltura di Portici 19–20: 81–301.
- ↑ Bey M (1951) Biological control projects in Egypt, with a list of introduced parasites and predators. Bulletin de la Société Fouad 1er d’Entomologie 35: 205–220.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Yu D, Achterberg C, Horstmann K (2012) Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Database on flash-drive, Ottawa. www.taxapad.com
- ↑ Yu D (1997–2012) Home of Ichneumonoidea. http://www.taxapad.com/
- ↑ Johnson F, Hammar A (1912) Papers on deciduous fruit insects and insecticides. The grape-berry moth (Polychrosis viteana Clem.). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology Bulletin 116(2): 15–71.
- ↑ Marsh P (1979) Braconidae. In: Krombein K Hurd P Smith D Burks B (Eds) Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico, 1. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC, 144–295.
- ↑ Tillman P, Cate J (1989) Six New Hosts of Bracon mellitor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with a Review of Recorded Hosts. Environmental Entomology 18(2): 328–333. https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/18.2.328
