Asphalidesmus
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Ordo: Polydesmida
Familia: Dalodesmidae
Name
Asphalidesmus Silvestri, 1910 – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
- Asphalidesmus Silvestri 1910[1]: 362. Attems 1914[2]: 242, 1926[3]: 153, 1931[4]: 77, 1940[5]: 205. Brölemann 1916[6]: 547. Verhoeff 1932[7]: 1587, 1936[8]: 12. Jeekel 1971[9]: 313, 1982[10]: 12, 1984: 85, 1986[11]: 46. Hoffman 1980[12]: 150. Mesibov 2002[13]: 532, 2009[14]: 67. Golovatch 2003[15]: 53. Golovatch et al. 2009[16]: 3. Mesibov 2009[14]: 67.
Type species:
Asphalidesmus leae Silvestri, 1910, by original designation.
Atopodesmus Chamberlin 1920[17]: 153. Attems 1926[3]: 134, 1940[5]: 356. Verhoeff 1932[7]: 1562. Jeekel 1971[9]: 313, 1984[18]: 85, 1986[11]: 46. Hoffman 1980[12]: 186. Mesibov 2002[13]: 532 (synonymised). Golovatch et al. 2009[16]: 3. Mesibov 2009[14]: 67.
Type and only species:
Atopodesmus parvus Chamberlin, 1920, by original designation.
Other included species:
Asphalidesmus allynensis sp. n., Asphalidesmus bellendenkerensis sp. n., Asphalidesmus carbinensis sp. n., Asphalidesmus dorrigensis sp. n., Asphalidesmus golovatchi Mesibov, 2009, Asphalidesmus magnus sp. n., Asphalidesmus minor sp. n., Asphalidesmus otwayensis sp. n.
Diagnosis
Small Dalodesmidea (4–6 mm long as adults) with head + 19 rings; adults yellow-brown and often encrusted with soil particles, juveniles pure white and not encrusted; collum, metatergites and preanal ring with 3–6 transverse rows of small, uniform tubercles, each bearing a single seta with a slightly flared tip; ring 2 paranotum expanded, extending forward to partly cover collum edge and backward to lie under anterior edge of ring 3 paranotum; all paranota lying low on sides, flexed downward and covering legs, with a few indistinct outer marginal lobes; pore formula normal, each ozopore opening on short, columnar structure arising just dorsal to the centre of the paranotum base; legs short, without sphaerotrichomes; gonopod aperture transversely ovoid, posterior rim slightly raised; gonocoxae entirely contained within aperture, small, distally tapered, lightly joined (not fused) medially; gonopod telopodites slender, parallel and close together, more or less straight, reaching bases of legpair 4 or 5 when retracted.
Remarks
The genus description I offered nine years ago (Mesibov 2002[13]) still largely applies to Asphalidesmus golovatchi and the seven new species described below. The only significant changes are in number of transverse rows of tubercles on midbody tergites (varying from 3–6 in the genus, rather than 5–6) and in gonopod telopodite structure, which varies considerably from species to species. An Asphalidesmus adult can be easily recognised by its colour, by the size and position of the ring 2 paranota, and by the characteristic dorsal tuberculation, and can be distinguished using these features alone from similar-looking Australian Pyrgodesmidae and species of Agathodesmus Silvestri, 1910. However, whereas each of the latter taxa has a distinctive telopodite form as well as unique non-gonopodal features, Asphalidesmus telopodites are remarkably dissimilar (see descriptions and illustrations below).
In particular, there does not seem to be a common location on the telopodite for the opening of the prostatic groove. In the descriptions below I have avoided using the word ‘solenomere’ for the process with this opening, because doing so might suggest that those processes are homologous across the genus, and I doubt that they are. The prostatic groove opens on anterior and posterior branches in different Asphalidesmus species (with no sign of torsion in the course of the groove), on the tips of processes and subapically, and on the medial and lateral sides of the telopodite.
In his review of volvatory Polydesmida, Golovatch (2003)[15] noted that the two Tasmanian Asphalidesmus species known at that time had only limited ability to coil (Fig. 1C), yet both had several anatomical features found in tightly-coiling ‘oniscoid’ polydesmidans in other families: short legs, downward-flexed paranota and a slight overlap of paranota on successive rings. Three of the new Asphalidesmus species are known to coil tightly (Fig. 1B), although in these species the paranota are short (on anterior-posterior axis) and do not overlap.
Taxon Treatment
- Mesibov, R; 2011: New species of Asphalidesmus Silvestri, 1910 from Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidea) ZooKeys, 93: 43-66. doi
Other References
- ↑ Silvestri F (1910) Descrizioni preliminari di nuovi generi di Diplopodi. I. Polydesmoidea. Zoologischer Anzeiger 35: 357–364. (Online in Biodiversity Heritage Library)
- ↑ Attems C (1914) Die indoaustralischen Myriapoden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte (A) 80 (4):1-398.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Attems C (1926) Myriopoda. In: Kükenthal W Krumbach T (Eds) Handbuch der Zoologie. Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches. 4(1). Progoneata, Chilopoda, Insecta I. Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin and Leipzig, 1–402.
- ↑ Attems C (1931) Die Familie Leptodesmidae und andere Polydesmiden. Zoologica (Stuttgart) 30(3/4): 1–150.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Attems C (1940) Das Tierreich. 70. Polydesmoidea. III. Fam. Polydesmidae, Vanhoeffeniidae, Cryptodesmidae, Oniscodesmidae, Sphaerotrichopidae, Peridontodesmidae, Rhachidesmidae, Macellolophidae, Pandirodesmidae. Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin, 577 pp.
- ↑ Brölemann H (1916) Essai de classification des Polydesmiens (Myriapodes). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 84: 523–608. (Online in Biodiversity Heritage Library)
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Verhoeff K (1932) Dr H. G. Bronn’s Klassen und Ordnungen des Tier-Reichs wissentschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. 5(II)2. Gliederfüssler: Arthropoda. Klasse Diplopoda. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft m.b.H., Leipzig, 2084 pp.
- ↑ Verhoeff K (1936) Die Sphaerotrichopidae der südlichen Halbkugel und ihre Beziehungen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 114(1/2): 1–14.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Jeekel C (1971) Nomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum: a list of the genus and family-group names in the Class Diplopoda from the 10th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1957. Monografieën van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging 5: i–xii, 1–412.
- ↑ Jeekel C (1982) Millipedes from Australia, 4: A new genus and species of the family Dalodesmidae from Australia (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Bulletin Zoölogisch Museum, Universiteit van Amsterdam 9 (2):9-15.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Jeekel C (1986) Millipedes from Australia, 10: Three interesting new species and a new genus (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida, Spirobolida, Polydesmida). Beaufortia 36 (3):35-50.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Hoffman R (1980) (‘1979’) Classification of the Diplopoda. Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Genève, 237 pp.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Mesibov R (2002) Redescriptions of Asphalidesmus leae Silvestri, 1910 and A. parvus (Chamberlin, 1920) comb. nov. from Tasmania, Australia (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Haplodesmidae). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 59(2): 531–540. http://museumvictoria.com.au/pages/4094/59_2_mesibov.pdf
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Mesibov R (2009) A new millipede genus and a new species of Asphalidesmus Silvestri, 1910 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidea) from southern Tasmania, Australia. ZooKeys 7: 55–74. (Online through ZooKeys website) doi:10.3897/zookeys.7.111
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Golovatch S (2003) A review of the volvatory Polydesmida, with special reference to the patterns of volvation (Diplopoda). African Invertebrates 44 (1):39-60.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Golovatch S, Geoffroy J, Mauriès J, VandenSpiegel D (2009) Review of the millipede family Haplodesmidae Cook, 1895, with descriptions of some new or poorly-known species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). ZooKeys 7: 1–53. (Online through ZooKeys website) doi:10.3897/zookeys.7.117
- ↑ Chamberlin R (1920) The Myriopoda of the Australian region. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 64(1): 1–269. (Online in Biodiversity Heritage Library)
- ↑ Jeekel C (1984) Millipedes from Australia, 7: The identity of the genus Lissodesmus Chamberlin, with the description of four new species from Tasmania (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Dalodesmidae). Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 118:85-101.
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