Aristolochia sinoburmanica
Contents
- 1 Taxonavigation
- 2 Name
- 3 Diagnosis
- 4 Type
- 5 Description
- 6 Phenology
- 7 Etymology
- 8 Distribution and habitat
- 9 Preliminary conservation status
- 10 Additional specimens examined
- 11 Key to the species of Aristolochia sinoburmanica and closely related species
- 12 Original Description
- 13 Images
- 14 Other References
| Notice: | This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions.
If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale):
Citation formats to copy and paste
BibTeX: @article{Yang2018PhytoKeys, RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Yang2018PhytoKeys">{{Citation See also the citation download page at the journal. |
Ordo: ORDO
Familia: FAMILIA
Genus: Aristolochia
Name
Aristolochia sinoburmanica Y.H.Tan & B.Yang sp. nov. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Diagnosis
Aristolochia sinoburmanica is morphologically similar to A. hainanensis Merrill, A. saccata Wallich, A. xuanlienensis (Huong et al. 2014[1]), A. faviogonzalezii T. V. Do, S. Wanke & C. Neinhuis and A. tonkinensis T.V. Do & S. Wanke from Vietnam (Do et al. 2015a[2]), but is distinguishable from these species by the following diagnostic characters: leaf blade ovate or ovate-lanceolate to narrowly ovate, subcoriaceous, base rounded to slightly cordate; cyme solitary on old woody stems and young branches, each cyme with 1–2 flowers; perianth claret (deep purple red), outside densely brown hirsute with parallel dark purple veins, 6.5–7.5 cm high; tube horseshoe-shaped, 8.3–8.5 cm, uniformly claret (deep purple red), with visible dark purple veins, limb trumpet-shaped, 4.2–4.8 cm high, 4–4.4 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes subequal; throat deep purple red, glabrous. The summary and main characters comparison is presented in Table 1.
| Character | A. sinoburmanica | A. faviogonzalezii | A. hainanensis | A. tonkinensis | A. saccata | A. xuanlienensis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leaf blade | ovate or ovate-lanceolate to narrowly ovate | broadly ovate to cordate | ovate to ovate-lanceolate | ovate to broadly-ovate | ovate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate | ovate or lanceolate-ovate to narrowly ovate |
| Leaf base | rounded to slightly cordate | slightly to deeply cordate | cuneate to rounded | rounded to truncate | cordate | rounded |
| Inflorescence | cyme solitary on old woody stems and young branches, each cyme with1–2 flowers | cluster of 6–8(-10) cymes at each node on old woody stem, each cyme with 3–4 flowers | cyme in axils of leafy shoots or on old woody stems, with 3–6 flowers | cyme solitary on old woody stems and young branches with 3–4 flowers | cluster of 2–3 cymes at each node on old woody stems, each cyme with 3–5 flowers | cyme usually in axils of leafy shoots or on old woody stems, 3–4(-5) flowers |
| Perianth | claret (deep purple red), outside densely brown hirsute with parallel dark purple veins, 6.5–7.5 cm high | yellowish-white with parallel dark purple veins or dots, 3.5–5 cm high | yellowish with obscure purplish veins | outside white, densely villous with parallel purple veins, 3.2–3.5 cm high | white with purple reticulate veins | white with light purple veins outside and dark purple spots, 4.5–4.8 cm high |
| Limb | discoid-rotund or trumpet-shaped , 4.2–4.8 cm high, 4–4.4 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes subequal, dark purple, densely covered with dark purple warts | trumpet-shaped, nearly rectangular, 2.4–2.6 cm high, 1.8–2 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes unequal, dark purple, warty on inner surface | obliquely trumpet-shaped, nearly circular, 2.2–2.5 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes unequal, purple, densely dark purple warts | trumpet-shaped, nearly rectangular, 1.2–1.3 cm high, 0.9–1.0 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes unequal, dark purple, densely covered with dark purple bristles | obliquely trumpet-shaped, nearly circular, 1.8–2 cm wide, 3-lobed, lobes unequal, upper 2 distinctly recurved, deltoid, lower one broadly deltoid, covered with purple warts | trumpet-shaped, ca. 2.5 cm wide, 3-lobed , lobes subequal , fused with margins of all lobes strongly revolute, densely covered with purple papillate |
| Throat | deep purple red, glabrous | upper half white with dark purple dots and lower half pinkish without visible dots | yellow, without visible dots | white, without visible dots | yellow, without visible dots | white, densely covered with purple dots |
| Distribution | China, Myanmar | Vietnam | China, Vietnam | Vietnam | China, Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Nepal | Southern Vietnam |
Type
MYANMAR. Kachin State: Putao, near Shinshanku, on the roadside slope of a mountain range bordering the zone of Hkakaborazi National Park, perennial lianas under tropical mountain broadleaf forest, 27°38'48.65"N, 97°54'01.61"E, 900 m a.s.l., 11 May 2017, Myanmar Exped. 1532 (holotype HITBC!).
Description
Perennial woody liana, 8–12 m high. Stem terete, circular in cross section, ca. 1 cm in diam., young branches green, sparsely pubescent, becoming glabrescent, bark deeply irregularly longitudinally fissured when mature, internodes 7–15 cm long. Petiole 3.5–6.0 cm long, twisted, pubescent. Leaf blade ovate or ovate-lanceolate to narrowly ovate, subcoriaceous, 15–31.5 × 5.8–12.5 cm, base rounded to slightly cordate, apex acuminate, margin entire, both surfaces densely villous when young, then the adaxial surface dark-green and glabrous, the abaxial surface densely villous; basal veins five, palmate, secondary veins four to six pairs, pinnate; tertiary veins coarsely reticulate, slightly sunken adaxially, prominent abaxially. Inflorescence cymose on old woody stems and young branches, solitary or two cymes, each cyme with one or two flowers, clearly separated from each other. Inflorescence axis 2–6 mm long, tomentose. Bracteole clasping the axis, ovate-triangular, 2–4.5 × 1.5–2 mm, subsessile, both surfaces densely brown villous. Pedicel 1.3–1.6 cm long, pendulous, densely brown villous. Ovary oblong, 1.5–1.7 × 0.3–0.4 cm, densely brown villous. Perianth horseshoe-shaped (in lateral view), 6.5–7.5 cm high, claret (deep purple red), outside densely brown hirsute with parallel dark purple veins, inside glabrous to white villous. Utricle distinct from the tube, bell-shaped, 2.3–2.5 cm high, 1.2–1.3 cm in diam. at base, 1.6–1.8 cm in diam. at apex, inside vinaceous (purplish red) with densely white trichomes. Tube horseshoe-shaped, 8.3–8.5 cm, uniformly claret (deep purple red), with visible dark purple veins, lower tube strongly inflated, saccate, 2.5–2.7 cm high, 1.8–2.0 cm in diam. and upper tube obliquely shortened funnel-shaped, parallel to the utricle, inner surface stramineous dyed with purple red patches, 3–3.5 cm high, narrower at base, 1–1.1 cm in diam. and broader at apex, 1.3–1.4 cm in diam. Limb discoid-rotund or trumpet-shaped, 4.2–4.8 cm high, 4–4.4 cm wide, with three subequal lobes, valvate preanthesis, lobes broadly ovate-triangular, each 3.3–3.8 cm wide, 1.8–2.2 cm high, margins of all lobes revolute during anthesis, warty on inner surface of lobes dark purple. Throat deep purple red, glabrous, without dots. Annulus present. Gynostemium with trilobed stigma on top, 7–7.5 × 5.5–6.5 mm in diam., anthers 6 in 3 pairs, oblong, 4.3–4.5 × 1.2–1.4 mm, yellow. Fruit and seeds were not seen.
Phenology
Flowering specimens have been collected in May but it is possible that flowering begins in April and fruiting may be from July to August.
Etymology
The species epithet refers to the type locality in Myanmar and adjacent regions of China. It also shows that the two countries are friendly neighbours, their friendship being retained over a long period and also expresses our appreciation for the whole-hearted cooperation amongst members of the China-Myanmar joint expedition.
Distribution and habitat
Aristolochia sinoburmanica is hitherto known from the type locality of Putao, Kachin state in north Myanmar and adjacent regions of Gongshan County, northwest Yunnan, southwest China, where, according to one sheet of the specimen deposited in KUN, it is a perennial liana which grows under the montane broadleaf forests, at an elevation of ca. 900–1400 m.
Preliminary conservation status
In Nov. 2014, the China-Myanmar joint expedition conducted the first field investigation of plant diversity along the same route in north Myanmar, within the area which included the type locality of this new species. The path through the mountains could only be accessed by foot, but in the most recent expedition in May 2017, with the development of road construction, most of the trees and habitats have been destroyed. A. sinoburmanica is known from a single population on the roadside. In fact, during the present study, only two healthy individuals were located growing about 20m apart from each other. Therefore, the new species is assigned a preliminary status of vulnerable (VU) according to the IUCN Red List Categories (IUCN 2012[3]). However, since very few details exist about its natural distribution, a detailed investigation of the same habitats may identify more populations and individuals of this new species. The lack of sufficient data currently does not allow a final risk evaluation and the species might be regarded as data deficient (DD). Further field surveys in northern Myanmar are needed to gain more information on its distribution.
Additional specimens examined
China. Yunnan: Gongshan, east of Dulong River, 27°41'51.81"N, 98°19'11.22"E, 1400 m a.s.l., 12 Nov. 1959, G.M. Feng. 24217 (KUN, No. 0163232).
Original Description
- Yang, B; Ding, H; Zhou, S; Zhu, X; Li, R; Maw, M; Tan, Y; 2018: Aristolochia sinoburmanica (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from north Myanmar PhytoKeys, (94): 13-22. doi
Images
|
Other References
- ↑ Huong N, Hai D, Quang B, Cuong N, Khang N, Vu D, Ma J (2014) Aristolochia xuanlienensis, a new species of Aristolochiaceae from Vietnam. Phytotaxa 188: 176–180. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.188.3.7
- ↑ Do T, Luu T, Wanke S, Neinhuis C (2015a) Three new species and three new records of Aristolochia subgenus Siphisia from Vietnam including a key to the Asian species. Systematic Botany 40: 671–691. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364415X689140
- ↑ IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 3.1 (2nd edn). Gland and Cambridge, 32 pp.
