Aptostichus cabrillo
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Ordo: Araneae
Familia: Euctenizidae
Genus: Aptostichus
Name
Aptostichus cabrillo Bond, 2012 sp. n. – Wikispecies link – Cabrillo Monument Trapdoor Spider’ ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
Types
Male holotype and paratype (AP1161) from California, San Diego County, Point Loma, Cabrillo National Monument, 32.66818, -117.242301, 42m, coll. R. Fisher (USGS-BRD San Diego Field Station) vii.2002. Female paratype (MY3800) from type locality, 32.7101, -117.25231, coll. J. Satler 13.vii.2009. Deposited in AUMNH.
Etymology
The specific epithet is a noun taken in opposition taken from the type locality, Cabrillo National Monument, named in honor of Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo one of the first European explorers of the North American west coast.
Diagnosis
Aptostichus cabrillo most closely resembles Aptostichus icenoglei specimens and are differentiated from that species in its diagnosis (above).
Description of male holotype
Specimen preparation and condition. Specimen collected live from pitfall trap, preserved in 80% ETOH. Coloration lightly faded. Pedipalp, leg I left side removed, stored in vial with specimen. General coloration. Carapace, chelicerae, legs strong brown 7.5YR 5/8. Abdomen strong brown 7.5YR 4/6, with light mottled striping, ventrum, spinnerets pale yellow (Fig. 157). Cephalothorax. Carapace 6.00 long, 4.75 wide, lightly hirsute with thin white spines, stout black bristles along fringe; pars cephalica elevated. Fringe, posterior margin with black bristles. Foveal groove deep, straight. Eyes on moderately high mound. AER slightly procurved, PER slightly recurved. PME, AME subequal diameter. Sternum moderately setose, STRl 3.32, STRw 2.60. Posterior sternal sigilla small, positioned more towards outer margin, not contiguous, anterior sigilla pairs small, oval, marginal. Chelicerae with distinct anterior tooth row comprising 7 teeth, posterior margin with small patch of small denticles. Palpal endites with patch of small cuspules on proximal, inner margin, labium with 4 poorly formed cuspules, LBw 0.94, LBl 0.60. Rastellum consists of 6 stout spines not on mound. Abdomen. Setose, heavy black setae intermingled with fine black setae. Legs. Leg I: 5.35, 3.90, 3.95, 3.00, 1.75; leg IV: 5.30, 3.25. Very light tarsal scopulae on legs I, II. Tarsus I with single, slightly staggered row of 12 trichobothria. Leg I spination pattern illustrated in Figures 160, 161; TSp 4, TSr 3, TSrd 4. Pedipalp. Articles stout, lacking distinct spines (Fig. 159). PTw 1.0, PTl 2.25, Bl 1.05. Embolus slender, sinuous, tapering sharply toward tip, lacking serrations (Fig. 158).
Variation (7). Cl 5.05-6.00, 5.40±0.14; Cw 3.75-4.75, 4.20±0.12; STRl 2.73-3.32, 3.07±0.08; STRw 2.10-2.60, 2.37±0.06; LBw 0.74-0.94, 0.81±0.03; LBl 0.43-0.60, 0.5±0.02; leg I: 4.65-5.35, 5.00±0.09; 3.50-3.90, 3.69±0.06; 3.21-3.95, 3.52±0.10; 2.40-3.00, 2.57±0.08; 1.60-1.95, 1.77±0.05; leg IV: 4.75-5.30, 5.03±0.08; 2.69-3.25, 2.84±0.07; PTl 1.93-2.25, 2.08±0.04; PTw 0.77-1.00, 0.91±0.03; Bl 0.96-1.10, 1.02±0.02; TSp 2-4, 3.29±0.36; TSr 2-6, 3.14±0.51; TSrd 4-10, 5.57±0.92.
Description of female paratype
Specimen preparation and condition. Female collected live from burrow, preserved in same manner as male holotype. Genital plate removed, cleared in trypsin, stored in microvial with specimen. Color. Carapace, legs, chelicerae, yellowish brown 10YR 5/4. Abdomen brown dorsally 10YR 4/3 with distinct chevron striping, ventrum, spinnerets pale yellow. Cephalothorax. Carapace 6.19 long, 5.25 wide, glabrous; generally smooth surface, lightly hirsute, pars cephalica moderately elevated (Figs 162, 164). Fringe lacks setae. Foveal groove deep, procurved. Eye group slightly elevated on low mound. AER slightly procurved, PER slightly recurved. PME, AME subequal diameter. Sternum widest at coxae II/III, moderately setose, STRl 4.16, STRw 3.07. Three pairs of sternal sigilla anterior pairs small , oval, positioned marginally, posterior pair slightly larger, oval, mesially positioned but not contiguous. Chelicerae anterior tooth row comprising 8 teeth with posterior margin denticle patch comprising two rows. Palpal endites with 37 cuspules concentrated at inner (promargin) posterior heel; labium with 4 cuspules, LBw 1.19, LBl 0.66. Rastellum consists of 6 very stout spines not positioned on mound. Abdomen. Moderately setose. PLS all 3 segments with spigots. Terminal segment 1/2 length of medial segment, 2 enlarged spigots visible at tip. PMS single segment, with spigots, short with rounded terminus. Legs. Anterior two pairs noticeably more slender than posterior pairs. Leg I 14.71 long. Tarsus I with single staggered row of 17 trichobothria. Legs I, II with moderately heavy scopulae on tarsi, metatarsi, distal aspect tibia. PTLs 10, TBs 6. Distinct preening comb on retrolateral distal surface at tarsus-metatarsus joint of metatarsus III, IV. Spermathecae. Heavily sclerotized intermediate sized median stalk with small slender basal extension (Fig. 163).
Variation (3). Cl 6.00-6.38, 6.19±0.11; Cw 4.95-5.45, 5.22±0.15; STRl 3.72-4.16, 3.89±0.14; STRw 2.85-3.30, 3.07±0.13; LBw 1.07-1.19, 1.13±0.03; LBl 0.66-0.77, 0.73±0.04; Leg I: 14.20-15.16, 14.69±0.28; ANTd 6-8, 7.00±0.58; PTLs 10-14, 12.00±1.15; TBs 4-6, 5.33±0.67.
Material examined
Mexico: Baja California: 9km NW Rancho Santa Ines, 29.766, -114.7661, 550m, [AP634, 1♂, AMNH], P Blom, W Clark [AP635, 422, 423, 3♂, AMNH]; Sierra San Pedro Martir Natl Park, Vallecitos, 32.3833, -116.88336, 500m, 21.vii.1977 [AP633, 1♂, CAS]; United States: California: San Diego: 0.8km N of Mexican border & 2.4km E of ocean, 32.5434, -117.11435, 3♂, W Icenogle 19.i.1969 [AP637, 1♀, AMNH]; Otay Mesa, S hwy 905, Spring Canyon, 32.5601, -117.00051, 107m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vii.2001 [AP973, ♂, CAS]; Chula Vista, Terra Nova, N Rice Canyon, 32.6401, -117.03811, 94m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vii.1998 [AP1091, 1♂, CAS]; Chula Vista, Terra Nova, N Rice Canyon, 32.6409, -117.03631, 88m, USGS-BRD San Diego Field Sta. 1.ix.1999 [AP1087, 1♂, CAS]; Chula Vista, Terra Nova, N Rice Canyon, 32.6415, -117.03581, 102m, USGS-BRD San Diego Field Sta. 1.vii.1998 [AP1086, 1♂, CAS]; Chula Vista, E Long Canyon, 32.6501, -116.99211, 90m, USGS-BRD San Diego Field Sta. 1.vii.2000 [AP1078, 1♂, CAS], 1.vii.1998 [AP1076, 1♂, CAS], 1.vii.1999 [AP1074, AP1079, 3♂, CAS]; Pt Loma, Cabrillo Natl Monument, 32.667, -117.241, 89m, J Javier 16.ii.2002 [AP1197, 1♀, CAS]; Pt Loma, US Coast Guard Reservation, S of Cabrillo Natl Monument, 32.667, -117.24211, 22m, R Fisher 1.vii.2002 [AP871, 1♂, CAS]; Pt Loma, Cabrillo Natl Monument, N of U.S. Coast Guard reservation, 32.6681, -117.24231, 33m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vii.2002 [AP1161, 3♂, CAS]; Pt Loma, Cabrillo Natl Monument, (Zuniga Point) E facing slope, 32.6689, -117.2381, 54m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vii.2002 [AP1162, 1♂, CAS], 1.ix.2002 [AP1163, 2♂, CAS]; Pt Loma, Cabrillo Natl Monument, W [beach] facing slopes, 32.6719, -117.24441, 22m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vii.2002 [AP1160, 1♂, CAS]; Pt Loma, Cabrillo Natl Monument, W [beach] facing slopes, 32.672, -117.2441, 22m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.x.2002, [AP1164, 1♂, CAS]; Pt Loma, Ft Rosecrans, US Navy Reservation, NE of cemetery, 32.6959, -117.24291, 83m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.viii.2002 [AP1001, 1♂, CAS]; Cabrillo Natl Monument, Pt Loma, 32.7101, -117.25231, 79m, J Satler 13.vii.2009 [MY3800, 3801, 2♀, AUMNH]; El Cajon, 32.7946, -116.96165, 132m, M Hoff 2.xi.1965, [AP572, 1♂, AMNH]; San Diego, Kearny Mesa area, 32.8284, -117.14475, 124m, S Johnson 1.vii.1981, [AP573, 1♂, AMNH]; Flinn Spring, Rios Canyon, 32.8423, -116.87251, 256m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.i.2001 [AP1081, 1♂, CAS]; Del Mar Mesa, 32.9403, -117.17171, 126m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vii.2001 [AP996, 1♂, CAS]; Del Mar Mesa, 32.9404, -117.17421, 105m, USGS-BRD San Diego Sta. 1.vi2002 [AP1064, 1♂, CAS]; Del Mar Mesa, 32.942, -117.17491, 104m, USGS-BRD San Diego Field Sta. 1.vii.2001 [AP1060, 2♂, CAS], 12.ix.2002 [AP1061, 1♂, CAS]; Del Mar Mesa, 32.9423, -117.1681, 102m, USGS-BRD San Diego Field Sta. 1.vi.2002 [AP1062, 1♂, CAS].
Distribution and natural history
The distribution of Aptostichus cabrillo is restricted geographically to a small area in around San Diego, San Diego Co. with one specimen known from just to the south in Mexico (Baja California); the primary habitat throughout this region is coastal chaparral forest and shrub. The DM for this species indicates that suitable habitat in San Diego is restricted to the San Diego area along the coast. Failure to predict the occurrence of some of the outlying localities to the east may suggest that some of those specimens may have been misidentified–however, many of these are males that are easy to distinguish from Aptostichus icenoglei. Most male specimens have been collected during the summer months (June–September) with a few taken from pitfalls in October, November and January.
Conservation status
Because this species is generally rare in collections and restricted in distribution to an area that is highly impacted by development, I consider its status to be vulnerable.
Species concept applied. Morphological.
Original Description
- Bond, J; 2012: Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae) ZooKeys, 252: 1-209. doi
Images
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![Figures 157–161. Aptostichus cabrillo sp. n. male holotype from San Diego Co. (AP1161). 157 habitus [806592]; scale bars = 1.0mm 158 retrolateral aspect, palpal bulb [806596] 159 retrolateral aspect, pedipalp [806713] 160, 161 leg I, retrolateral and prolateral aspect views [806600, 806598].](/wiki/File:ZooKeys-252-001-g040.jpg)
![Figures 162–164. Aptostichus cabrillo female from San Diego Co., type locality. 162, 163 habitus and cleared spermathecae of paratype (MY3800) [806605]; scale bar = 0.1mm 164 live photograph (MY3801).](/wiki/File:ZooKeys-252-001-g041.jpg)
