Anochetus grandidieri (Fisher, B. L. & Smith, M. A. 2008)
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Ordo: Hymenoptera
Familia: Formicidae
Genus: Anochetus
Name
Anochetus grandidieri Forel – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Anochetus grandidieri Fisher, B. L., 2008, PLoS ONE 3: 8-11.
Description
Figures: worker 3a-d, 5c; queen 3e-h; male 3i-j, 8b; map 6b
Materials Examined
Madagascar M. Humblot Madagascar Descarpentries
Description
Worker measurements: maximum and minimum based on all specimens, n = 20. HL 0.79-1.19, HW 0.71-1.06, CI 85-95, EL 0.08-0.13, ML 0.33-0.57, MI 41-54, SL 0.57-0.88, SI 78-86, WL 0.87-1.35, FL 0.57-0.90, PW 0.44-0.62. Taxa18S28S ITS1Comments Anochetus goodmaniHNS Intra - no variation. nter - 2 bp from A. boltoniHNS, and 3 bp from O. troglodytesHNS, O. coquereliHNS Intra - no variation across north nter -.15 bp divergent from A. madagascarensisHNS.Intra - extreme variation (length and substitution) across range. Some corresponding to deep CO1 splits - provisionally orthologous. However, deep paralogous divergences have been sequenced within single individuals through different amplifications and extractions.rRNA is, a priori, difficult to differentiate orthologous from paraologous. Not as immediately useful as an independent marker without cloning.Anochetus boltoniHNS Intra - no variation. nter - 2 bp from A. goodmaniHNS, 2 bp from O. troglodytesHNS and no difference from O. coquereliHNS.N/A Intraspecific variation of 1% (indels and substitutions) between the two sampled populations.Anochetus madagascarensisHNS N/A Intra - no variation. nter -.15 bp divergent from A. goodmaniHNS.Intra - variation that does NOT reflect CO1 variation.rRNA is, a priori, difficult to differentiate orthologous from paraologous. Not as immediately useful as an independent marker without cloning. -Positive Wolbachia test.Anochetus grandidieriHNS N/A N/A Low iIntraspecific variation that does reflect CO1 geographic variation.- Positive Wolbachia test.Anochetus pattersoniHNS N/A N/A N/A Odontomachus coquereliHNS Intra - no variation. nter - 2 bp from O. troglodytesHNS. 2bp from A. boltoniHNS,and 3 bp from A. goodmaniHNS.Intra - variation. Large variation at geographically distal ends of distribution. nter - differentiates between three Malagasy species.Intraspecific variation that only partially reflects geography and CO1 variation - while some clearly does not. Paralogous and orthologous Odontomachus troglodytesHNS Intra - no variation. nter - 2 bp from O. coquereliHNS. 3 bp from A. boltoniHNS,and3bp from A. goodmaniHNS.Intra - some variation that does not correspond to geography or CO1. nter - does not differentiate between O. simillimusHNS Intraspecific variation that only partially reflects geography and CO1 variation All specimens tested positive for Wolbachia.Odontomachus simillimusHNS N/A Intra - no variation. nter - does not differentiate O. troglodytesHNS N/A Queen measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 5. HL 0.88-1.15, HW 0.81-1.07, CI 92-96, EL 0.17-0.23, ML 0.39-0.56, MI 44-49, SL 0.62-0.87, SI 77-81, WL 1.08- 1.46. FL 0.68-0.96, PW 0.60-0.78. Male measurements: maximum and minimum based on n = 5 from Madagascar: HL 0.58-0.73, HW 0.78-0.94, CI 129- 135, EL 0.37-0.46, SL 0.10-0.15, SI 13-16, WL 1.17-1.52, FL 0.78-1.08
Diagnosis
Worker diagnosis: Inner blade of mandible without teeth and denticles; apical end of inner blade without a notched semicircular concavity (Fig. 2a). Eyes small (0.05-0.11 mm), projecting dorsolaterally. In full face view, antennal scape usually not reaching, and not surpassing posterior margin of occipital lobe. Dorsal surface of head with numerous short setae. Pilosity and sculpture as in Figures 3 a-d. Queens alate: Very similar to workers, only slightly larger than respective size class (Figs 3e-h). Ergatoid queens not recorded. Within a single locality, two size classes of workers, queens and males are present in this species, but the differences within a site do not hold up when variation across all sites is included. These differences suggest that two reproductive and developmental pathways can occur in this species. Further work is needed to explore the biotic or abiotic factors that trigger the development of small and large castes.
Discussion
The species is most similar to A. madagascarensisHNS but can be easily distinguished by its small eyes and scape that does not surpass the occipital lobe. A. madagascarensisHNS has large eyes (0.24-0.26 mm), and scapes that surpass occipital lobes.
Distribution
Distribution and biology. A. grandidieriHNS is endemic to Madagascar and is widespread throughout Madagascar in forest and shrubland habitats below 1,550 m elevation (Fig 4b). It has been collected in gallery, dry, littoral, lowland, and montane forest, in desert spiny bush thicket in the southwest, and Uapaca woodland in the ceIntral plateau. As in many soil dwelling ants, A. grandidieriHNS has reduced eyes (EL/HW 0.11-0.13) and short scapes. A. grandidieriHNS is the only AnochetusHNS in Madagascar with these soil nesting modifications. The subterranean habitat of this species may allow it to survive in a wide range of habitats in Madagascar from desert to woodland to montane forest. Out of 453 collecting events, A. grandidieriHNS was most often recorded in sifted litter (97 collection records), rotten logs (96), and Malaise traps (155). CO1. Shallow iIntraspecific (average within species sequence divergence of 2.72, SE = 0.048) and deep interspecific divergences(9.4% SE = 0.05) between A. grandidieriHNS and the other species. Small and large castes had identical DNA barcodes. (Figs 9, 16).
Diagnosis
Diagnostic barcoding loci. A grandidieriHNS: T-273, T-282, T- 306, A-312, (shared with one population of A. goodmaniHNS), A-312, T- 333, A-483, T-528 (all 3rd base pair positions).
Materials Examined
MADAGASCAR Sakalava Beach MADAGASCAR Antsiranana Madagascar Montagne D.Lees, R.Ranaivosolo & P.Razafindraibe Madagascar Joffreville Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Anivorano Nord Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Daraina B.L.Fisher Madagascar Daraina B.L.Fisher Madagascar Daraina B.L.Fisher Madagascar Daraina B.L.Fisher Madagascar Nosy Be Gary D. Alpert Madagascar Ambanja B.L.Fisher Madagascar Vohemar B.L.Fisher Madagascar Ambaliha Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Antanambao B.L.Fisher Madagascar Antanambao B.L.Fisher Madagascar Antanambao B.L.Fisher Madagascar Maromandia Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Andapa B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Andapa B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Parc National Marojejy Rin'Ha, Mike Madagascar Marojejy Gary D. Alpert Madagascar Antalaha B.L.Fisher Madagascar Befingotra B.L.Fisher Madagascar Befingotra B.L.Fisher Madagascar Andapa Gary D. Alpert Madagascar Antalaha Alpert et. al. Madagascar Ambato Gary D. Alpert Madagascar Cap Masoala Gary D. Alpert Madagascar Mahavavy River Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Tsaramandroso Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Maevatanana Rin'ha Harin'Hala Madagascar Vilanandro Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Vilanandro Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Vilanandro Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Besalampy Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Antsalova Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Soatana Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Bekopaka Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Bekopaka Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Ambinanitelo Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Ambinanitelo Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Ambinanitelo Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Maroantsetra P. S. Ward Madagascar Ambohitsitondroina B.L.Fisher Madagascar Parc National Masoala D. Andriamalala, D. Silva, et al. Madagascar Andranobe B.L.Fisher Madagascar Andranobe B.L.Fisher Madagascar Andampibe Gary D. Alpert Madagascar Antanambe B.L.Fisher et al. MADAGASCAR Antanambe MADAGASCAR Manompana Madagascar Foret Ambohidena B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Foret Kalalao B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Tampolo Malagasy ant team Madagascar Fenoarivo Atn B.L.Fisher Madagascar Mahavelona A. Pauly Madagascar Foulpointe A. Pauly Madagascar Mahavelona B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Foulpointe A.Pauly Madagascar Camp Vohitsivalana B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Camp Rendrirendry B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar F.C. Sandranantitra H.J.Ratsirarson Madagascar F.C. Didy H.J.Ratsirarson Madagascar F.C. Andriantantely H.J.Ratsirarson Madagascar P.N. Mantadia H.J.Ratsirarson Madagascar Analamay Malagasy ant team Madagascar Moramanga B.L.Fisher Madagascar Torotorofotsy Malagasy ant team MADAGASCAR West of ANGAP office Madagascar Andasibe A.Ballerio Madagascar Foret Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Miaranony Forest Emile Rajeriarison Madagascar Fianarantsoa Prov R. Harin'Hala Madagascar Sahamalaotra River Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Talatakely CE Griswold, DH Kavanaugh, ND Penny, MJ Raherilalao, JS Ranorianarisoa, J Schwei Madagascar Ifandiana P.S.Ward Madagascar Talatakely ME Irwin & EI Schlinger Madagascar Fianarantsoa Prov R. Harin'Hala Madagascar Namorona River ME Irwin & EI Schlinger Madagascar Ranomafana National Park, Tavolo tree Alpert et. al. Madagascar Ranomafana National Park R. Harin'Hala Madagascar Ranomafana M.Stebbine, W.E.Steiner, et. al. Madagascar Vatoharanana V.C.Clark Madagascar Vatoharanana River Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Vatoharanana-Ankovoka V. Clark Madagascar Vatovavy Forest Alpert MADAGASCAR Kianjavato Madagascar Andrambovato B.L.Fisher et al. Madagascar Ikongo R. Harin'Hala & M.E. Irwin Madagascar Ambalavao B.L.Fisher Madagascar Ambalavao B.L.Fisher Madagascar Ambalavao B.L.Fisher Madagascar Ambovo Springs Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar 8.0 km NE Ivohibe B.L.Fisher (Sylvain) Madagascar 9.0 km NE Ivohibe B.L.Fisher (Sylvain) Madagascar Ivohibe B.L.Fisher (Sylvain) Madagascar Ranohira Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Ranohira Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Farafangana B.L. Fisher et al. MADAGASCAR Madagascar Foret d'Ankazotsihitafototra Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Foret d'Ankazotsihitafototra Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Sakaraha B.L.Fisher Madagascar Sakaraha B.L.Fisher Madagascar Mahaboboka Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Mahaboboka Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Mahaboboka Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Tsifota Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Parc National de Zombitse Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Sakaraha Fisher, Griswold et al. Madagascar Sakaraha P.S.Ward Madagascar Tongobory Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Betioky B.L.Fisher Madagascar Betioky B.L.Fisher Madagascar Mahermano Mt K.C.Emberton Madagascar Enakara B.L.Fisher Madagascar Res. Andohahela B.L.Fisher Madagascar Res P. S. Ward Madagascar Col du Sedro Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Manampanihy River Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Ste. Luce B.L.Fisher (J.-Baptiste) MADAGASCAR Ilapany Mt Madagascar Tolanaro K.C.Emberton et al Madagascar Foret d'Ambohibory Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Tolagnaro B.L.Fisher Madagascar Foret de Bealoka Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Foret de Malaza Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Réserve Berenty P. S. Ward Madagascar Foret de Petriky B.L.Fisher Madagascar Lavanono Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Marovato Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team Madagascar Zombitse National Park R. Harin'Hala Madagascar Tulear Prov R. Harin'Hala Madagascar Tulear Province R. Harin'Hala Madagascar Andohahela National Park M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, R. Harin'Hala
Taxon Treatment
- Fisher, B. L.; Smith, M. A.; 2008: A revision of Malagasy species of Anochetus Mayr and Odontomachus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)., PLoS ONE 3: 8-11. doi
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