Ankylopteryx octopunctata candida
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Ordo: Neuroptera
Familia: Chrysopidae
Genus: Ankylopteryx
Name
Ankylopteryx octopunctata (Fabricius, 1798) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Ankylopteryx (A.) octopunctata candida : Fabricius 1798[1]: 202 (original: Hemerobius; type locality: “India orientali” [E. India]; holotype in ZMUK); Schneider 1851[2]: 161 (Chrysopa); Walker 1853[3]: 274 (Chrysopa); Brauer 1864[4]: 900 (Ankylopteryx); van der Weele 1909[5]: 58 (Ankylopteryx); Banks 1939[6]: 473 (key to Chinese species, Ankylopteryx); Brooks and Barnard 1990[7]: 265 (Ankylopteryx (Ankylopteryx)).
- Ankylopteryx (A.) fraterna Banks, 1939: 473 (key to Chinese species; original: Ankylopteryx; type locality: Guangdong and Hainan (China); syntypes in MCZ); Yang et al. 2005[8]: 51 (A key to Chinese species, Ankylopteryx (Ankylopteryx)). syn. nov.
- Ankylopteryx (A.) laticosta Banks, 1939: 472 (original: Ankylopteryx; type locality: Guangdong and Hainan (China); syntypes in MCZ), 473 (key to Chinese species); Brooks and Barnard 1990[7]: 265 (Ankylopteryx (Ankylopteryx)); Yang et al. 2005[8]: 51 (key to Chinese species), 53 (Ankylopteryx (Ankylopteryx)). syn. nov.
- Ankylopteryx (A.) lii Yang 1987[9]: 204 (original: Ankylopteryx; type locality: Shajiong (China, Xizang, Zäyu); holotype in CAU); Yang et al. 2005[8]: 51 (key to Chinese species), 54 (Ankylopteryx (Ankylopteryx)). syn. nov.
- Ankylopteryx (A.) tibetana Yang 1987[9]: 205 (original: Ankylopteryx; type locality: Dongjiong (China, Xizang, Zäyu); holotype in CAU); Yang et al. 2005[8]: 51 (key to Chinese species), 56 (Ankylopteryx (Ankylopteryx)). syn. nov.
Material examined
China: 1 ♂, Fujian, Shaowu, 1943.IX.1 (CAU); 1 ♂, Fujian, Dehua, Shuikou, 1974.XI.6, Li Fasheng (CAU); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Fujian, Dehua, Shuikou, 1974.XI.6, Yang Chikun (CAU); 1 ♂, Fujian, Dehua, Shuikou, 1974.XI.13, Yang Chikun (CAU); 1♀, Jiangxi, Shangrao, 1978.IV.30, Yang Chikun; 1 ♂, Guangxi, Longzhou, Nonggang, 240 m, 1982.V.18, Yang Chikun (CAU); 1 ♂, Guangxi, Longzhou, Nonggang, 240 m, 1982.V.19, Li Fasheng (CAU); 2 ♂, Guangxi, Longzhou, Nonggang, 240 m, 1982.V.18, Li Fasheng (CAU); 1ex, Guangxi, Ningming, Longrui, 180 m, 1984.V.16, Li Fasheng (CAU); 2 ♀, Guangxi, Ningming, Longrui, 180 m, 1984.V.17, Li Fasheng (CAU); 1 ♂, Guangxi, Jinxiu, 720 m, 1982.VI.11, Li Fasheng (CAU); 3 ♀, Sichuan, Leshan, 1978.IX.20, Li Fasheng (CAU); 1 ♂, Chongqing, Liangping, Luojia, Shapingba, Li Zhifei (CAU); 1 ♀, Guizhou, Libo, Maolan, Banzhai, 2013.X.13, Liu Xingyue (CAU); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Guizhou, Libo, Maolan, Limingguan, 2013.X.14, Liu Xingyue (CAU); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Guizhou, Libo, Maolan, Limingguan, 2013.X.14, Liang Feiyang (CAU); 2 ♀, Yunnan, Puer, Taiyanghe National Forestry Park, 1450 m, E101.3 N22.68, 2016.VIII.12, Jiang Yunlan (CAU); 1 ♀, Guangdong, Huizhou, Xiangtoushan, Wang Mengqing (CAU); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Guangdong, Zhaoqing, Dinghushan Nature Reserve, Lyu Yanan (CAU); 1 ♂, Hainan, Diaoluoshan, 2014.V.4, Lu Xiumei (CAU); 1 ♂, Xizang, Zäyu, Shajiong, 1570 m, 1978.VI.26, Li Fasheng (holotype of Ankylopteryx lii Yang, 1987) (CAU); 1 ♂, Xizang, Zäyu, Dongjiong, 1570 m, 1978.VI.26, Li Fasheng (holotype of Ankylopteryx tibetana Yang, 1987) (CAU); 1 ♂, Xizang, Zäyu, Shajiong, 1700 m, 1978.VI.25, Li Fasheng (paratype of Ankylopteryx tibetana Yang, 1987) (CAU); 1 ♂, 5 ♀, Taiwan, Pingtung, Lilungshan, 2013.VI.18, Liang Feiyang (CAU). Japan: 5 ♀, Okinawa, Iriomote-jima, Airagawa, Komi, 2012.VI.29, Liu Xingyue (CAU). Laos: 1 ♂, 2 ♀, Luang Namtha, Nam Ha NBCA, Along Route 3, 690–750 m, 2016.III.22, Liu Xingyue (CAU).
Diagnosis
Stripes below toruli from absent to visibly present; frontal markings contiguous with clypeal markings and genal marking. Scape usually with brownish stripe. First intramedian cell short and wide. General width of gonarcus normal; entoprocessus attached at basal fifth to fourth of gonarcus, about as long as gonarcus; pseudopenis short and curved, about twice as long as entoprocessus.
Distribution
China (Fujiang, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hainan, Xizang); Japan (Okinawa); Laos (Luang Namtha); India (eastern India).
Remarks
Seven subspecies hitherto are placed under the species A. octopunctata, which are separately distributed. According to the known distribution of A. octopunctata candida and the character mentioned above, we assigned the materials examined to this subspecies.
Synonyms
Ankylopteryx fraterna and A. laticosta were first recorded by Banks (1939)[6]. In the original literature, he mentioned that the key difference between A. fraterna and A. octopunctata candida was the presence or absence of brownish stripe on scape (absence in A. fraterna versus presence in A. octopunctata candida); differences between A. laticosta and A. octopunctata candida are the coloration of the costal vein (black for a short distance in A. laticosta versus not black in A. octopunctata candida), costal area (unusually broad in A. laticosta versus normal in A. octopunctata candida), and the number of lower Banksian cells (two in A. laticosta versus three in A. octopunctata candida). We have studied the specimens of A. octopunctata candida from various localities and found the difference mentioned above is continuous in this species. We, therefore, synonymize A. fraterna and A. laticosta with A. octopunctata candida. We have also studied the holotypes of A. lii and A. tibetana. The external characters (frontal stripes and markings, and markings on both wings) of three nominal species are similar. We dissected specimens of each of the three species, found no significant difference among them, and therefore confirmed the synonymization of A. lii and A. tibetana with A. octopunctata candida.
Taxon Treatment
- Ma, Y; Yang, X; Liu, X; 2020: Notes on the green lacewing subgenus Ankylopteryx Brauer, 1864 (s. str.) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) from China, with description of a new species ZooKeys, 906: 41-71. doi
Images
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Other References
- ↑ Fabricius J (1798) Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae.Proft et Storch, Hafniae, 572 pp. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52748767
- ↑ Schneider W (1851) Symbolae ad monographiam generis chrysopae, Leach.Hirt, Vratislaviae, 178 pp.
- ↑ Walker F (1853) List of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II. (Sialides-Nemopterides). British Museum, London, 193–476.
- ↑ Brauer F (1864) Entomologische Beiträge.Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien14: 891–902.
- ↑ van der Weele (1909) Mecoptera and Planipennia of Insulinde, with biological notes.Notes from the Leyden Museum31: 1–100.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Banks N (1939) New genera and species of neuropteroid insects.Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology85: 439–504.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Brooks S, Barnard P (1990) The green lacewings of the world: a generic review (Chrysopidae).Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Entomology)59: 117–286.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Yang X, Yang C, Li W (2005) Fauna Sinica: Insecta, Volume 39: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae.Science Press, Beijing, 398 pp. [+ 4 pls; In Chinese, with English summary]
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Yang C (1987) Neuroptera. In: Zhang S (Ed.) Agricultural Insects, Spiders, Plant Disease and Weeds of Xizang.Vol. 1. Xizang Renmin Press House, Xizang, China, 19–219.
