Ainsliaea daheishanensis
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Ordo: Asterales
Familia: Asteraceae
Genus: Ainsliaea
Name
Ainsliaea daheishanensis Y.L.Peng, C.X.Yang & Y.Luo sp. nov. – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
Diagnosis
This new species is similar to Ainsliaea foliosa Handel-Mazzetti and A. latifolia (D. Don) Schultz Bipontinus, but it differs from them in its solitary white hairy reticulate veins on the abaxial surface of the lower part of the leaves and on the narrow inner phyllaries.
Type
China: Under oak forest, Yunnan Province: Menglian County, Lafu village, Mountain Dahei, 22.102733°N, 99.40731°E, elevation 2092–2300 m, 14 January 2019, Y.L. Peng & C.X. Yang SE02248 (holotype CDBI!, isotype HITBC!) (Figure 1).
Description
Plants perennial, herbaceous, 60–80 cm tall. Stems erect, unbranched, villous. Leaves alternated in lower to median part of the stem. Petiole 4–6 cm long, large winged, gradually reducing, villous, leaf blades papery, palmate-pinnate veined, ovate to elliptic, 8–10 × 2–4 cm, apex acute, base abruptly constricted into winged petiole, margin obscurely callose-denticulate, slightly discoloured, upper surface green, sparsely strigose, subglabrous palmate-pinnate veined, lower surface pale with evident reticular veins densely covered by thick white hairs, the remaining part of the lower surface light green and subglabrous. Upper leaves ovate to elliptic, 1–3 × 0.5–1.5 cm, upper surface green-olivaceous, subglabrous palmate-pinnate veined, lower surface densely covered in thick white hairs. Capitula sessile and distantly spaced upwards to the inflorescence axis; disposed in spikes, involucre 6-seriate, cylindrical, ca. 15 × 5 mm; phyllaries papyraceous, glabrous, or sparsely pilose, outer phyllaries ovate, acute, ca. 2 × 1 mm; inner phyllaries linear-oblong to lanceolate, acute, mid-vein dark green, margin pale to pale green. ca. 15 × 0.3 mm. Florets ca. 3–4, flowers not present. Achenes ca. 2–3 mm, densely pilose, pappus reddish-brown, ca. 7 mm long.
Etymology
The new specific epithet “daheishanensis” refers to the name of the Dahei Mountain, located at the border between China and Myanmar, where the novel species was discovered.
Phenology
Flowering was not observed, fruiting in November-March.
Distribution and habitat
Ainsliaea daheishanensis is only known from the type collection cited above, at 2100–2300 metres altitude, under evergreen forests (Figure 4). The other examined specimens e.g. Y.Y.Qian 2818, have no detailed collection information; they are only found in Yunnan Province.
Additional material examined
China. Yunnan: Menglian County, Lafu village, under evergreen forest, elevation 2300 m, 8 November 2010, S.S. Zhou 7755 (HITBC).Yunnan Province: Menglian County, 8 March 1993, Y.Y.Qian 2818(HITBC).
Discussion
This new species is mostly similar to Ainsliaea foliosa in the broadly winged leaves that are loosely aggregated near the median part of the stem and having an ovate blade. Ainsliaea daheishanensis can be distinguished from A. foliosa by its protruding white reticulate veins on the abaxial surface of the lower part of cauline leaves, which is covered with thick white hairs and by the innermost phyllaries that are narrow and slightly shorter than the crown hairs (Table 1) (Fig. 1A, B, E, H). Ainsliaea daheishanensis resembles A. latifolia by its leaves and inflorescences. Both species have ovate to elliptic leaf blades, with long and winged petioles and the capitula are arranged in spikes. These similarities between the two species led some researchers to wrongly identify the specimens of Ainsliaea daheishanensis as A. latifolia. Morphologically, Ainsliaea daheishanensis differs from A. latifolia in the position of the leaves appearing above the base of the stem (vs. a basal rosette in A. latifolia), and in the evident reticulate veins of the abaxial surface of leaves with thick white hairs, mainly occurring in the reticulate veins. The abaxial surface of A. latifolia leaves is densely covered with white fluff, mixed with long stiff hairs of the same colour. A key to the three closely related Ainsliaea species in China is provided below.
| Characters | Ainsliaea daheishanensis | Ainsliaea foliosa | Ainsliaea latifolia |
| Leaf arrangement patterns | Alternated in lower and median part of stem. | Loosely aggregated or occasionally alternated in median part of stem. | Basally clustered, rosulate. |
| Leaf morphology | Lower surface with obvious reticular veins, which are covered with thick white hairs. | Lower surface with sparse trichomes and obscure reticular veins | Lower surface densely covered with white fluff, mixed with long, slightly stiff hair of the same colour. |
| Petioles | 4–6 cm, obviously shorter than leaf blade. | 2.5–5 cm, almost equal or shorter than leaf blade. | (2) 4–9(11) cm, almost equal in length to leaf blade. |
| Capitula | Sessile, 1–3 clustered, arranged in spikes, 3–4 flowered. | Subsessile or shortly pedunculate, arranged in racemes or spikes, 4– or 5–flowered. | Subsessile or shortly pedunculate, (1 or) 2–4 clustered, arranged in spikes or panicles, 3-flowered. |
| Involucre | 6 to 7-seriate, cylindrical, 8–10× ca. 4 mm; phyllaries papyraceous; outer phyllaries ovate, acute, 2–3 × ca. 1 mm, inner phyllaries linear-oblong, acute, mid-vein usually green, 15× 0.3 mm, slightly longer than the pappus. | Involucre 4-seriate, subleathery, outer phyllaries broadly ovate, 2.5–3 mm, inner phyllaries ovate to elliptic, apex purple, mid-vein usually dark green, 10 × 0.8 mm, evidently shorter than the pappus. | 5 to 7-seriate, cylindrical, 8–10 × ca. 4 mm; phyllaries papyraceous; outer phyllaries ovate, acute, 2–3× ca. 1 mm, apically strigose; inner phyllaries linear-oblong, acute, mid-vein usually dark, 7–12 × ca. 1 mm, shorter than the pappus. |
Original Description
- Peng, Y; Yang, C; Luo, Y; 2020: Ainsliaea daheishanensis (Asteraceae): a new species from China PhytoKeys, 138: 233-249. doi
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