Aeneator martae

Notice:

This page is derived from the original publication listed below, whose author(s) should always be credited. Further contributors may edit and improve the content of this page and, consequently, need to be credited as well (see page history). Any assessment of factual correctness requires a careful review of the original article as well as of subsequent contributions. If you are uncertain whether your planned contribution is correct or not, we suggest that you use the associated discussion page instead of editing the page directly. This page should be cited as follows (rationale): Araya J (2013) A new species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Buccinidae) from northern Chile, with comments on the genus and a key to the Chilean species. ZooKeys 257 : 89–101, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2013-01-14, version 30006, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Aeneator_martae&oldid=30006 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers. Citation formats to copy and paste BibTeX: @article{Araya2013ZooKeys257, author = {Araya, Juan Francisco}, journal = {ZooKeys}, publisher = {Pensoft Publishers}, title = {A new species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Buccinidae) from northern Chile, with comments on the genus and a key to the Chilean species}, year = {2013}, volume = {257}, issue = {}, pages = {89--101}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.257.4446}, url = {http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/4446/abstract}, note = {Versioned wiki page: 2013-01-14, version 30006, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Aeneator_martae&oldid=30006 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.} } RIS/ Endnote: TY - JOUR T1 - A new species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Buccinidae) from northern Chile, with comments on the genus and a key to the Chilean species A1 - Araya J Y1 - 2013 JF - ZooKeys JA - VL - 257 IS - UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.257.4446 SP - 89 EP - 101 PB - Pensoft Publishers M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2013-01-14, version 30006, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Aeneator_martae&oldid=30006 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers. M3 - doi:10.3897/zookeys.257.4446 Wikipedia/ Citizendium: <ref name="Araya2013ZooKeys257">{{Citation | author = Araya J | title = A new species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Buccinidae) from northern Chile, with comments on the genus and a key to the Chilean species | journal = ZooKeys | year = 2013 | volume = 257 | issue = | pages = 89--101 | pmid = | publisher = Pensoft Publishers | doi = 10.3897/zookeys.257.4446 | url = http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/4446/abstract | pmc = | accessdate = 2024-12-17 }} Versioned wiki page: 2013-01-14, version 30006, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Aeneator_martae&oldid=30006 , contributors (alphabetical order): Pensoft Publishers.</ref> See also the citation download page at the journal.

Taxonavigation

Ordo: Sorbeoconcha
Familia: Buccinidae
Genus: Aeneator

Name

Aeneator martae Araya, 2013 sp. n. – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile

Type material

Holotype (MZUC 37890), 47.9 mm. Chile, off Caldera (27°04'S, 70°50'W), 550–600 m depth, live collected on shrimp trawl nets, January 2001, S. Castillo leg. Paratype 1 (MZUC 37891), length 44.0 mm. Paratype 2 (MZUC 37892), 41.7 mm, Paratype 3 (MG 200105), length 40.2 mm. All the paratypes with same locality as the holotype.

Distribution

Known only from the type locality; Chile, Region de Atacama, Caldera (27°04'S, 70°50'W), 550–600 m depth.

Diagnosis

A small species of Aeneator, height up to 47.9 mm, shell stout, inside of aperture pale orange, exterior sculptured by well-defined axial ribs, spiral cords, and a conspicuous stepped shoulder.

Description

Shell small for genus (height up to 47.9 mm, Table 1), thick, solid, fusiform, chalky white to pale brownish, inside of aperture pale orange. Shape broad, angulate, length of aperture and canal more than half length of shell, width/height ratio 0.53 to 0.56, whorls convex apart from slightly concave sutural ramp, suture shallow but impressed. Spire angle 63° to 68°. Protoconch and upper teleoconch whorls missing, remaining whorls about 4.5, last 3 with sculpture intact with 7–9 primary spiral cords, interspaces each occupied by one narrow, well defined secondary cord. Last whorl with 16–18 spiral cords, more prominent at periphery of shell than elsewhere, forming a distinct keel. Spire whorls with 24–28 pronounced axial ribs, interspaces deep, each almost equal to a rib in width. Last whorl with 14–15 such ribs. Ribs more pronounced towards the anterior end of shell. Aperture ovate. Parietal and columellar area well-defined, glazed; outer lip thin, slightly crenulated, without lirae or teeth. Siphonal canal short, open, directed slightly to left. Operculum large, thin, dark brown, elongate, nucleus terminal, tip sharp.

Table 1. Aeneator martae sp. n. measurements of specimens. (%) means percentage compared to the total length of the shell.

	Maximum length (mm)	Maximum width (mm)	Length of aperture	Width/Length
Holotype	47.9	25.6	26.8 (56 %)	0.53
Paratype 1	44.0	23.6	27.9 (57 %)	0.54
Paratype 2	41.7	23.4	23.0 (57 %)	0.56
Paratype 3	40.2	22.1	22.6 (56 %)	0.55
Average	43.4	23.6	25.1 (56 %)	0.54

Etymology

Named in honour of Mrs Marta Araya,Caldera, Chile, who presented the specimens to the author.

Remarks

In Chile the genus Aeneator encompasses five extant species: Aeneator castillai, found from Coquimbo (29°55'S) to Punta Peñablanca (33°22'S) in 200–450 m (McLean and Andrade 1982), Aeneator fontainei, the most common species, with records from Bahía Independencia (14°S) in the south of Peru (McLean and Andrade 1982) to Estero Elefantes, 46°05'S (Osorio et al. 2006) and with a bathymetric range of 10 m near Mejillones (Guzmán et al. 1998, Laudien et al. 2007) to 421 m for a specimen collected off Coquimbo (Figs 27–30), Aeneator (Ellicea) loisae, distributed from Caldera (27°04'S), for material examined in this work (Figs 27–30), to Canal Moraleda (45°22'S), in the fjords area (Osorio et al. 2006) with a bathymetric range of 200 m (McLean & Andrade 1982) to 465 m, Aeneator portentosus reported only form the original locality off Iquique (21°19'S) in 605 m and off Coquimbo at 800 m and Aeneator prognaviter, distributed off Antofagasta (22°51'S) in 318 m (Fraussen and Sellanes 2008) and in 748 m off Iquique for material examined in this work (Fig. 37). Data on the localities of Chilean species of Aeneator is provided in Table 3.

Table 2. Synthesis of characters of the Chilean species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 based on Rehder (1971), McLean and Andrade (1982), Fraussen and Sellanes (2008) and material examined in this work.

	Aeneator castillai	Aeneator fontainei	Aeneator loisae	Aeneator portentosus	Aeneator prognaviter	Aeneator martae sp. n.
Length	85.7	85.8	104	45.5	32.2	47.9
Width / Length	0.50–0.51	0.48–0.54	0.43–0.48	0.49–0.59	0.55 – 0.60	0.54–0.56
Aperture length/ total length	0.55–0.63	0.55–0.56	0.54 – 0.56	0.43–0.52	0.49 – 0.53	0.55–0.56
Spire angle	50°	51°–57°	44°–46°	44°–51°	60°	63°–68°
Axial ribs on last whorl	16, absent in subsutural area	12–15	Faint, absent	Faint, absent	22, bent	14–15, straight
Spiral cords in last whorl	12 – 15 brown primary, 1–3 secondary in each interspace	12–15 brown primary, 3–5 secondary in each interspace	9–10 primary, many secondary	20	20–24	16–18 primary, 7–9 secondary
Siphonal canal	short, twisted	medium to long, straight	long	short, broad, slightly bent	short, broad	short, slightly curved to left
Aperture	ovate	ovate	elongate ovate	round	oval	oval
Shell color	brown	white - yellowish	white	snow white	snow white	white, pale brownish
Distribution	29°55'S to 39.1°S	14°13'S to 46°S	27°04'S to 53.7°S	21.19°S and 29.95°S	21°19'S and 22°51'S	27°04'S

Table 3. Table of localities of Chilean species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 based on Rehder (1971), McLean and Andrade (1982), Fraussen and Sellanes (2008), and material examined in this work.

Species	Latitude	Longitude	Depth (m)
Aeneator castillai	29°55'S to 33°22'S	71°53'W to 71°20'W	200–450
Aeneator fontainei	14°14'S to 46°05'S	76°11'W to 73°41'W	10–421
Aeneator loisae	27°04'S to 45°22'S	73°21'W to 70°50'W	200–465
Aeneator martae	27°04'S	70°50'W	550–600
Aeneator portentosus	21°19'S to 29°55'S	71°20'W to 70°09'W	800
Aeneator prognaviter	21°19'S to 22°51'S	70°24'W to 70°09'W	600–748

In size, the shell of Aeneator martae sp. n. is similar to Aeneator prognaviter (Figs 20, 37, 38) and Aeneator portentosus (Figs 35, 36). However, the former of these two can be clearly differentiated from the new species by its wider and shorter siphonal canal, less numerous and more curved axial ribs and a thinner, snow white shell (Fraussen and Sellanes 2008). From Aeneator portentosus the new species differs by having a much wider, thicker shell with a shorter spire, a more elongate aperture, dominant axial sculpture and less rounded whorls. Moreover Aeneator portentosus exhibit a very distinctively sculptured periostracum (Fig. 19), with low axial ridges, very different from all the other Chilean Aeneator species. A periostracum is absent in the examined specimens of Aeneator martae sp. n. Aeneator castillai (Figs 33, 34), and Aeneator fontainei (Figs 21–26) differ markedly from the new species by their much larger shells, reaching up to 85.8 mm, more fusiform shells, with a much less stepped or indistinct shoulder, lower and fewer axial ribs, brown primary spiral cords (Figs 15, 16) and lip lirated within. The spiral sculpture is quite different; Aeneator fontainei has 13 to 16 dark brown major cords, with interspaces filled with five secondary cords separated by fine grooves or by secondary and tertiary cords. Aeneator castillai has brown primary cords with 3 to 5 fine secondary cords filling the interspaces and exhibits a longer, twisted, siphonal canal. In contrast Aeneator martae sp. n. lacks any brown coloration, shows a sculpture of alternated single major and minor spiral cords defined mostly in the posterior part of the whorls, and has a conspicuous stepped shoulder, forming a keel at the periphery.

Aeneator loisae (Figs 27–32) differs from the new species in having a larger, up to 104 mm, white to snow white shell (different from the white to light brown shell of Aeneator martae sp. n.), more inflated last whorl, with a much longer siphonal canal, a higher number of primary and secondary spiral cords, more prominent spiral sculpture, and fewer, more tenuous, axial ribs.
The new species is tentatively assigned, given the generic uncertainties within the Chilean species, to the genus Aeneator Finlay 1926, typified by the species Aeneator marshalli marshalli (Murdoch, 1924) recorded from Castlecliff (as fossils) and, as a recent species (= Aeneator marshalli separabilis Dell, 1956), from Wanganui and Ohope beach, Whakatane, New Zealand. Similar to the type species, Aeneator martae sp. n. has a fusiform shell with moderately tall spire, shallow sinus in outer lip and a spiral sculpture of cords crossed by axial costae (Beu and Maxwell 1990). The new species differs from Aeneator marshalli in its smaller shell, shorter anterior canal, the absence of nodules along the columellar lip, less inflated whorls and by the presence of a distinct keel at the periphery. From the genus Austrofusus Kobelt, 1879, with the type species Austrofusus glans (Röding, 1798), the new species differs in the smaller size, its thicker shell, more prominent sculpture, the more prominent ridges over the periphery, and the pale orange colour of the aperture, which is white in Aeneator glans (Beu & Marshall 2010). Comparative characters in the Chilean species of Aeneator are compared in table 2.
In a recent revision of the fossil fauna of Mejillones, north of Chile (Nielsen 2012), the species Aeneator loisae was synonymized with the fossil species Fusus steinmanni Möricke, 1896 into Austrofusus. However, this was based partly on the incorrect conclusion by Beu and Marshall (2010) that Aeneator fontainei is the type species of Austrofusus; this was later corrected by Beu and Marshall (2011). On morphological grounds, the author concurs with McLean and Andrade (1982) and considers that Aeneator (Ellicea) loisae does belong to the genus Aeneator and the sub-genus Ellicea Finlay in Marwick, 1928. However the generic placement of the species Aeneator fontainei, Aeneator castillai, and possibly the new species described here, should be further investigated or even be ascribed to a new genus.
Further study of radular characters, comparative anatomy and DNA will improve the taxonomic placement of the Chilean species. Fossil studies would also give a general insight into the development of the genus and their relationships with the South Pacific related fauna, especially those from New Zealand and adjacent waters.

Comparative material examined:

Aeneator castillai, Chile, Region of Coquimbo, Coquimbo, 2 specimens RC Coll. Aeneator fontainei, Chile, Region of Atacama, Caldera, 3 specimens MG 200011–200013, 5 specimens RC Coll. Aeneator loisae, Chile, Region of Atacama, Chile, 4 specimens MG 200003–200006, 1 specimen RC Coll, Aeneator prognaviter, 2 specimens MG 200124–200125, Aeneator portentosus, 1 specimen (examined from images), KF-0338.

Original Description

• Araya, J; 2013: A new species of Aeneator Finlay, 1926 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Buccinidae) from northern Chile, with comments on the genus and a key to the Chilean species ZooKeys, 257: 89-101. doi

Images

Figures 1–5. Aeneator martae sp. n. shell, Holotype 47.9 mm, Chile, Off Caldera, 27°04'S, 70°50'W. 550–600 m. MZUC 37890.  Figures 6–14. Aeneator martae sp. n. shells. 6–8 Paratype 1 (MZUC 37891), 44.0 mm height 9–11 Paratype 2 (MZUC 37892), 41.7 mm height 12–14 Paratype 3 (MG 200105), 40.2 mm height.  Figures 15–20. Details of shell sculpture of ChileanAeneator species. 15 Aeneator castillai (RC Coll.), 85.7 mm 16 Aeneator fontainei (RC Coll.), 48.0 mm 17 Aeneator loisae (MG 200003), 78 mm 18 Aeneator martae sp. n. paraype 3 (MG 200105), 40.2 mm 19 Aeneator portentosus, Paratype KF-0338, 45.5 mm 20 Aeneator prognaviter (MG 200124), 33,0 mm.  Figures 21–26. Aeneator fontainei varieties and details of shell sculpture. 21–22 Off Coquimbo, Chile, trawled 421 m (RC Coll), 58 mm 23–24 Washed ashore, Calderilla beach, Caldera, Chile (MG 200011), 28.5 mm 25–26 Dredged 20 m depth off Loreto beach, Caldera, Chile (MG 200012), 52.8 mm.  Figures 27–32. Aeneator loisae varieties and details of shell sculpture 27–28 Off Caldera, Chile, 450–500 m depth (MG 200003), 78 mm 29–30 Off Caldera, Chile, 420 m depth (MG 200007) 71.9 mm 31–32 Off Coquimbo, Chile, 400 m depth (RC Coll.), 104 mm  Figures 33–38. Aeneator species and details of shell sculpture. 33–34 Aeneator castillai, off Coquimbo, Chile, 380 m depth (RC Coll.), 85.7 mm 35–36 Aeneator portentosus, Paratype KF-0338, 45.5 mm 37–38 Aeneator prognaviter, off Iquique, Chile, 748 m depth (MG 200124), 33,0 mm.