Acalanthis
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Ordo: Coleoptera
Familia: Trogossitidae
Name
Acalanthis Erichson, 1844 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Acalanthis Erichson, W. F. 1844: 446.
Type species
Acalanthis quadrisignata Erichson, 1844 [by monotypy]
Léveillé, A. 1910: 4. Arias, E. et al. 2009: 39. Crowson, R. A. 1964a: 299 (larva, described as Phanodesta). Crowson, R. A. 1970: 13. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 40. Kolibáč, J. 2006: 106 (larva; see Crowson 1964a[1])
Remarks
An antennal apex I figured (Kolibáč 2005[2]: 89, Pl. 1-Fig. 5) was associated with Acalanthis quadrisignata in error, as correctly noted by Arias et al. (2009)[3]. The drawing probably belongs to Calanthosoma flavomaculata.
Description
Body size: 6.0–9.0 mm. Body shape elongate. Gular sutures narrow, subparallel at apex. Frontoclypeal suture absent. Frons: longitudinal groove or depression absent. Cranium ventrally: tufts of long setae at sides present. Submentum: ctenidium absent. Antennal groove present. Eyes: size moderate Eyes number: two. Epicranial acumination moderate. Lacinial hooks: two. Galea: shape sub-clavate. Galea: ciliate setae absent. Mediostipes-Lacinia partially fused. Palpifer: outer edge even. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, horizontally situated. Mola reduced but present. Penicillus (at base) present (fine, often membranous). Pubescence above mola or cutting edge present. Ventral furrow present. Basal notch moderate. Labrum-Cranium not fused. Epipharyngial sclerite present. Lateral tormal process: projection curved downwards, processes not connected (Airora). Ligula: ciliate setae absent. Ligula rigid, weakly retroflex, deeply emarginate. Hypopharyngeal sclerite H-shaped. Antenna 10-segmented, Antennal club asymmetrical, sensorial fields present. Front coxal cavities externally closed, internally open. Pronotum cordate. Prepectus absent. Middle coxal cavities closed. Elytra: long hairs present. Epipleuron moderate. Elytral interlocking mechanism present, carinae reduced. Elytral punctation regular, scales absent. Wing: radial cell triangular, wedge cell present, cross vein MP3-4 present, cross vein AA1+2-3+4 absent. Front tibiae: spines along side moderate. Hooked spur present. Claws: denticle absent. Parasternites number along ventrites III–VII: one. Spiculum gastrale absent. Tegmen composed of three parts. Coxitae undivided.
Larva: Frontal arms V-shaped. Epicranial stem reduced. Endocarina present. Antennal joints 1 and 2 elongate. Thoracic sclerites pattern (dorsally) 1-2-2. Tergite IX depressed. Urogomphi present, hooked; median process absent.
Biology
Predatory. Crowson (1964a)[1] remarked “numerous insect fragments in gut” of an assumed Phanodesta larva but, as he noted later (1970[4]: 1), the larva probably belongs to some species of Acalanthis. Its brief description in his key (1964a[1]: 299) in fact agrees perfectly with the larval characters of Egoliini. The adult gut contents of Acalanthis quadrisignata included insect fragments (Crowson 1964a[1]). Elizabeth Arias and colleagues (Arias et al. 2009[3]) caught numerous Acalanthis specimens by canopy fogging and beating vegetation in forests, yielding a range of species including some Nothophagus, Araucaria, Schinus, and Rhaphitamnus.
Distribution
Temperate forests of central Chile and Argentina (Arias et al. 2009[3]).
Species:
Acalanthis mirabilis Reitter, 1876; Chile (AL, varA)
Léveillé, A. 1910: 4. Arias, E. et al. 2009: 40
Acalanthis quadrisignata Erichson, 1844; Chile (AL, varA)
Léveillé, A. 1910: 4. Arias, E. et al. 2009: 39. Kolibáč, J. 1999b: 12. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 40 (redescription)
Acalanthis semimetallica Fairmaire, 1861 (Clerus); Chile (AL, varA)
Léveillé, A. 1910: 4. Arias, E. et al. 2009: 41
Taxon Treatment
- Kolibáč, J; 2013: Trogossitidae: A review of the beetle family, with a catalogue and keys ZooKeys, 366: 1-194. doi
Other References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Crowson R (1964a) A review of the classification of Cleroidea (Coleoptera), with descriptions of two genera of Peltidae and of several new larval types. Transaction of the Royal entomological Society of London 116: 275-327.
- ↑ Kolibáč J (2005) A review of the Trogositidae. Part 1: Morphology of the genera (Coleoptera, Cleroidea). Entomologica Basiliensia et Collectionis Frey 27: 39-159.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Arias E (2009) A review of the Chilean Egoliini (Coleoptera: Trogossitidae) with description of a new species of Necrobiopsis Crowson. Zootaxa 2170: 37-45.
- ↑ Crowson R (1970) Further observations on Cleroidea (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Royal entomological Society of London (B) 39: 1-20.
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