Acacia collinsii (David S. Seigler & John E. Ebinger 1995)
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Ordo: Fabales
Familia: Fabaceae
Genus: Acacia
Name
Acacia collinsii David S. Seigler, 1995 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Acacia collinsii David S. Seigler, 1995, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82: 123-124.
Type Material
Mexico between Chicoasen and San Fernandino G. N. Collins, C. B. Doyle
Materials Examined
Costa Rica Alajuela J. D. Smith Costa Rica Alajuela J. D. Smith Costa Rica Alajuela J. D. Smith Costa Rica Alajuela J. D. Smith Costa Rica Alajuela J. D. Smith Costa Rica Alajuela J. D. Smith Mexico Yucatan G. F. Gaumer Mexico Yucatan G. F. Gaumer Mexico Yucatan G. F. Gaumer Mexico Yucatan G. F. Gaumer Mexico Yucatan G. F. Gaumer Mexico Yucatan G. F. Gaumer Panama Prof. Alex. Koch Mexico Acapulco E. W. Nelson Mexico Acapulco E. W. Nelson Mexico Acapulco E. W. Nelson Panama Penonome R. S. Williams Panama Penonome R. S. Williams Panama Penonome R. S. Williams Panama Penonome R. S. Williams
Description
Tree to 10 m tall; young twigs reddish brown to dark brown, glabrous. Stipular spines shiny, light reddish brown to dark brown, rarely ivory to yellowish, smooth, glabrous, terete in cross section, mostly symmetrical, V- to U-shaped with an angle of 50-180°, 20-50 mm long, 4-13 mm wide at the base, sometimes reflexed near the tip. Leaves 40-195 mm long; pinnae 3-15 pairs per leaf, 30-90 mm long, 7-17 mm between pinna pairs; rachis grooved, glabrous to lightly puberulent, rachis glands usually absent; petiole grooved, glabrous to lightly puberulent, 4-18 mm long. Petiolar glands 3-5 (rarely 2), dome-shaped to broadly volcano-shaped, usually near the base of the petiole, puberulent, striate, apex 0.3-0.8 mm across, base 1-2.5 mm across. Leaflets 11-29 pairs per pinna, glabrous, linear, 6-13 mm long, 1.3-3.1 mm wide, 2-3 veins from the base, lateral veins obvious, apex obtuse, margins usually not ciliate. Inflorescence of densely flowered cylindrical obtuse spikes, 15-35 mm long, 4-6 mm thick, commonly in short, leafy racemes with 1-3 (rarely 5) spikes per node; peduncles glabrous to lightly puberulent, 6-20 mm long, 0.8-1.8 mm thick, nearly the same thickness throughout; involucre located near the base to lower third of the peduncle, glabrous to lightly puberulent, 4-lobed, the lobes unequal. Floral bracts peltate, apex circular and usually puberulent, stalk 0.6-1.1 mm long. Flowers sessile; calyx 5-lobed, glabrous, 1-1.4 mm long; corolla 5-lobed, glabrous, yellowish, 1.1-1.5 mm long, slightly longer than the calyx. Legumes nearly straight, elliptical in cross section, 30-60 mm long, 7-13 mm wide, glabrous, not striate, dark brown to black, dehiscent along both sutures, not stalked, the apex acute with a short beak 1-6 mm long. Flowering January- August.
Distribution
Distribution. In shrubby vegetation of pastures and on rocky ridges, in habitats ranging from moderately wet to very dry, at lower elevations (below 1000 m) along the west coast of Mexico from Guerrero east to the Yucatan Peninsula, south through the dry lowland of Central America to the lowlands of northern Colombia.
Materials Examined
Belize Maskall Gentle Belize Maskall Gentle Colombia Municipio de Arenal Forero G., Jaramillo M. Costa Rica El Coyolar Standley Costa Rica vicinity of Canas, Finca La Pacifica Daubenmire Costa Rica ca. 10 mi. NE of Palmar Sur on the Inter-American hwy. Janzen Costa Rica Villa Colon Janzen Costa Rica Villa Colon Janzen El Salvador 7.1 mi. W of El Amatillo Janzen Guatemala Jones Bridge, 5.8 mi. NE of Rio Hondo on hwy. 9 Janzen Honduras 4.5 mi. NE of Trujillo on old road to Castilla Saunders Honduras 4.5 mi. NE of Trujillo on old road to Castilla Saunders Honduras on slope down to Rio Selguapa, Comayagua valley Burch Honduras on slope down to Rio Selguapa, Comayagua valley Burch Honduras vicinity of Juticalpa Standley Honduras 28.4 mi. SE of El Amatilla on Inter-American hwy. Janzen Honduras 28.4 mi. SE of El Amatilla on Inter-American hwy. Janzen Honduras 28.4 mi. SE of El Amatilla on Inter-American hwy. Janzen Mexico 0.8 mi. E of Campeche on hwy. 180 Janzen Mexico 0.8 mi. E of Campeche on hwy. 180 Janzen Mexico along hwy. 190, 13 mi. S of La Trinitaria Breedlove, Raven Mexico Petatlan, Montes de Oca Hinton Mexico 11.4 mi. W of Tehuantepec Janzen Mexico 32 mi. N of jet. 307 & 186, N of Chetumal on hwy. 307 Seigler et al. Mexico 32 mi. N of jet. 307 & 186, N of Chetumal on hwy. 307 Seigler et al. Mexico Chichen Itza Seigler et al. Mexico Chichen Itza Seigler et al. Nicaragua 1 mi. N Condega Janzen Nicaragua Pena Blanco Janzen Nicaragua Pena Blanco Janzen Nicaragua in vicinity of La Luz-Siuna Bunting, Licht Panama Victoria fill, near Miraflores Locks Allen Panama 20 mi. S of Nata Croat
Discussion
Acacia collinsii has the most extensive geographical distribution of all New World ant-acacias and is the only ant-acacia that occurs in South America. It also has the widest ecological distribution, growing in dry to moderately wet pastures and fields and in open shrubby vegetation from sea level to 1000 m. It is a common component of early successional areas. This wide ecological and geographical distribution has resulted in a relatively broad morphological diversity, which is reflected in the extensive synonymy. Though morphologically diverse, it can easily be distinguished from all other ant-acacias by the following combination of characters: elongated cylindrical inflorescences, 3-5 petiolar glands that are broadly dome-shaped, absence of rachis glands, leaflets with obvious lateral veins, and relatively small stipular spines that are terete in cross section. As is typical of most xerophytic ant-acacias, Beltian body production in Acacia collinsii is relatively extensive. In this species the nearly globose Beltian bodies are 0.4-0.8 mm long and usually are found on more than 50% of the leaflets of developing leaves. As most individuals of this species are inhabited by obligate acacia-ants, the Beltian bodies are generally "harvested" soon after development. Cyanide tests of more than 400 specimens of Acacia collinsii indicate that this species is not cyanogenic. Herbarium material of this species was reported to be cyanogenic (Seigler et al., 1978), but reinvestigation of these same specimens failed to confirm activity (Seigler & Ebinger, 1987). Janzen (1981) did not report cyanogenesis for this species. Acacia collinsii probably hybridizes with A. hindsii. These species are sympatric in parts of their ranges in Mexico and Central America, and occasionally occur at the same site. Acacia collinsii also hybridizes with the non-ant-acacia A. pennatula (Ebinger & Seigler, 1992).
Taxon Treatment
- David S. Seigler; John E. Ebinger; 1995: Taxonomic Revision of the Ant-Acacias (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacia, Series Gummiferae) of the New World, Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 82: 123-124. doi
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