Allotrichoma occidentale
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Ordo: Diptera
Familia: Ephydridae
Genus: Allotrichoma
Name
Allotrichoma occidentale – Wikispecies link – ZooBank link – Pensoft Profile
Description
This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.60–2.00 mm. Head: Medial facial carina above facial prominence shallow; labella broad, fleshy, shorter than mediproboscis; clypeus microtomentose, usually gray.
Thorax: Presutural supra-alar seta present. Pleural area lacking stripes. Wing with costal vein ratio 0.27–0.28; M vein ratio 0.41–0.50. Legs blackish brown to black; midtibia bearing numerous, erect setae along dorsal surface.
Abdomen: Male 5th sternal flap in lateral view (Fig. 43) narrow, elongate, slightly widened apically, bearing 5–6 apical setulae, some from short tubercles; 5th medial process in lateral view (Fig. 43) relatively narrow, very elongate, apex slightly widened, bearing 4–5 setulae along anteroapical surface. Male terminalia (Figs 39–42): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 39) ovately rounded on dorsal half; epandrium in lateral view (Fig. 40) with anterior and posterior margins sinuous, relatively wide dorsally; cercus in posterior view (Fig. 39) broadly pointed dorsally, gradually broadened ventrally then abruptly curved or arched laterally and ventrally as a slightly tapered, elongate, arched process that bears numerous moderately long setulae apically, apex shallowly sinuous; cercus in lateral view (Fig. 40) nearly straight, wider dorsally, ventral half nearly parallel sided, apex broadened and shallowly bifurcate, bearing moderately long setulae; surstyli (ventral extensions of epandrium) in posterior view as parallel, narrow processes that bear setulae on apical portion; surstylus in lateral view (Fig. 40) elongate, narrow, nearly parallel sided, apical portion bearing very short setulae anteriorly and apically, with a short, lacking an apical process; aedeagus in ventral view (Fig. 41) elongate, narrowly ovate, tapered apically, in lateral view (Fig. 42) elongate, somewhat lunate; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 42) triangular, keel shorter than length, narrow, somewhat pointed; gonite in ventral view (Fig. 41) bar-like, slightly wider basally, apex with short, lateral process, apex bearing setula, in lateral view (Fig. 42) wide basally, gently but distinctly arched, tapered to apex, apex with rounded notch, producing a subapical, short, nipple-like process that bear a setula.
Type material
The holotype male is labeled “USA. OR[EGON]. Lake: Lakeview (27 mi E; Drake Creek; 42°11'N, 119°59.3'W), 29 Jul 2005, D. and W. N. Mathis/HOLOTYPE ♂ Allotrichoma occidentale W. Mathis & T. Zatwarnicki USNM [red]/USNM ENT 00117958 [plastic bar code label].” The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Twenty-two paratypes (14♂, 8♀; USNM) bear the same locality label as the holotype.
Type locality
United States. Oregon. Lake: Lakeview (44 km E; Drake Creek; 42°11'N, 119°59.3'W).
Other specimens examined from the New World
CANADA. MANITOBA. Carberry (13 km NE; 49°51.6'N, 99°20'W), 4 Jul 1984, R. S. and V. L. Zack (1♂; WSU).
SASKATCHEWAN. Waskesiu River (53°53.9'N, 106°05.9'W), Aug 1947, R. Coleman (1♂; USNM).
UNITED STATES. ALASKA. Matanuska-Susitna: Willow Creek (61°46.1'N, 150°04.2'W; 50 m), 10 Jul 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂, 7♀; USNM). Valdez-Cordova (Census Area): Gulkana River (19.3 km N Glenallen; 62°16.1'N, 145°23.1'W), 9 Jul-7 Aug 2006, 2011, D. and W. N. Mathis (7♂, 10♀; USNM).
ARIZONA. Cochise: Douglas (31°27'N, 109°32.7'W), 8 Jul 1940, R. H. Beamer (1♂; KU).
CALIFORNIA. Alpine: Hope Valley (38°46.6'N, 119°56'W), 11 Sep 1938, M. Cazier (2♂, 1♀; USNM). Calaveras: Milton (38°01.9'N, 120°51.1'W), 21 Oct 1917, J. C. Bradley (4♂, 2♀; CU). Fresno: Coalinga (36°08.1'N, 120°20.4'W), 14 May 1938, M. Cazier (1♂; AMNH). Imperial: Calexico (32°40.7'N, 115°29.9'W), 16 Jul 1958, E. I. Schlinger (1♂; USNM). Kern: Rosamond (34°51.9'N, 118°11.7'W), 17 Oct 1956, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂; USNM). Kings: Lemoore (36°18'N, 119°47'W), 17 Oct 1956, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂; USNM). Lake: Clear Lake (38°57.5'N, 122°37.6'W), 11 Oct 1947, W. W. Wirth (1♂; USNM). Los Angeles: Saugus (34°24.7'N, 118°32.4'W), 10 Apr 1953, A. H. Sturtevant (2♂, 1♀; USNM). Mono: Mono Lake (S shore; 38°01'N, 119°03.6'W), 12 Aug 1980, R. S. Zack (2♂, 3♀; WSU). Orange: Buena Park (33°52.1'N, 117°59.9'W), 19 May 1944, A. L. Melander (3♂; USNM); Capistrano Hot Spring (33°30.1'N, 117°39.7'W), 25 Jan 1945, A. L. Melander (1♂, 4♀; USNM). Riverside: Magnesium Spring Canyon (near Indio; 33°43.2'N, 116°13'W), 5 Apr 1945, A. L. Melander (3♂; USNM); Riverside (33°58.5'N, 117°19.7'W), 1 Feb-4 Oct 1934, 1935, A. L. Melander (8♂, 2♀; USNM). San Bernardino: Jenks Lake (30°09.9'N, 116°52.9'W), 18–24 Aug 1950, A. L. Melander (1♂, 3♀; USNM); Mountain Home (34°06'N, 117°W), 8 Oct 1956, A. L. Melander (1♂; USNM); Victorville (34°32.2'N, 117°17.5'W), 2 May 1953, R. O. Schuster (1♂; USNM). San Diego: Gavilan Hills (33°47'N, 117°22.1'W), 1 Oct 1952, A. L. Melander (1♂, 1♀; USNM). San Luis Obispo: Morro Bay (35°20.1'N, 120°51.1'W), 30 Aug 1945, A. L. Melander (4♂; USNM). San Mateo: Redwood City (37°29.1'N, 122°14.2'W), 16 Feb 1947, P. H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♂; USNM). Tulare: Three Rivers (36°26.3'N, 118°54.3'W), 5 Aug 1940, L. J. Lipovsky (3♂, 1♀; USNM). Yolo: Davis (38°32.7'N, 121°44.1'W), 20 Jun-15 Sep 1952, 1966, C. R. Kovacic, A. T. McClay, E. I. Schlinger (9♂, 2♀; USNM); Woodland (38°40.3'N, 121°45'W), 9 Aug 1953, A. T. McClay, E. I. Schlinger (2♂, 1♀; USNM).
IDAHO. Benewah: Chatcolet (47°22.3'N, 116°54.8'W), Aug 1915, A. L. Melander (1♂; USNM). Oneida: Curlew Valley Reservoir (42°04.5'N, 112°32.3'W), 27 Jun-22 Sep 1969, 1971, G. F. Knowlton (2♂, 1♀; USU); Holbrook (42°09.7'N, 112°39.2'W), 1 Sep 1971, G. F. Knowlton (1♀; USU); Stone (42°01'N, 112°41.7'W), 5 Aug 1969, G. F. Knowlton (1♂; USU); Stone (3.2 km N, 42°10'N, 112°41.7'W), 16 May 1969, G. F. Knowlton (1♂, 1♀; USU); Stone Reservoir (42°04.1'N, 112°41.7'W), 27 Jun 1969, G. F. Knowlton (1♀; USU). Power: Rock Creek (42°39.3'N, 113°01.1'W), 17 Jul 1972, G. F. Knowlton (1♀; USU).
MICHIGAN. Iosco: (44°20'N, 83°38'W), 3 Jul 1950, G. C. Steyskal (1♂; USNM).
MONTANA. Granite: Medicine Lake (48°28.6'N, 113°40.6'W), 9 Jun 1969, W. W. Wirth (1♂; USNM).
NEBRASKA. Cherry: Snake River (42°46.8'N, 100°47.7'W), 2 Jun 1960, W. W. Wirth (1♀; USNM); Twin Lakes (42°28.9'N, 100°58.6'W), 2 Jun 1960, W. W. Wirth (1♂; USNM).
NEVADA. Lander: Austin (39°28'N, 117°11.7'W), 2 Aug 1956, E. S. Ross (1♂; USNM).
NORTH DAKOTA. Bowman: Bowman-Haley Dam and Reservoir (45°59.5'N, 103°15.4'W; 840 m), 19 Jun 2008, D. and W. N. Mathis (8♂, 5♀; USNM).
OREGON. Baker: Goose Creek (35 km E Baker City; 44°49.2'N, 117°27.79'W; 825 m), 7 Jun 2006, T. Zatwarnicki (3♂; USNM). Harney: Burns (3.2 km E; 43°35.1'N, 119°0.1'W; 1320m), 16 Jun 1972, D. and W. N. Mathis (6♂, 8♀; USNM); King Mountain Lookout turnoff (43°50.6'N, 118°57.2'W; 1537 m), 8 Aug 2005, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Web Creek (43°16'N, 118°50.7'W), 29 Aug 1983, R. S. Zack (2♂; WSU); Mann Lake (42°46.3'N, 118°26.7'W), 12 Sep 1981, R. S. Zack (4♂; WSU); Page Springs (42°47'N, 118°51'W; 1300 m), 6 Aug 2005, D. and W. N. Mathis (9♂; USNM); Steens Mountain, Fish Lake Campground (42°44.3'N, 118°38.7'W; 2250 m), 6 Aug 2005, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂; USNM); Wagontire (24 km N, 43°16'N, 119°52.5'W), 12 Jul 1989, R. S. Zack (2♂, 8♀; WSU). Klamath: Deming Creek, NE Bly (42°25.6'N, 121°04.4'W), 1 Sep 1959, J. Schuh (2♂, 4♀; USNM); Odell Lake (43°34.4'N, 121°60'W), 26 Jul 1988, R. Danielsson (1♂; ZIL). Morrow: Butter Creek (45°37.1'N, 119°26.3'W), 9 Jul 1991, R. S. Zack (3♂; WSU). Union: Whiskey Creek (45°19.4'N, 118°14.8'W; 1560 m), 29–31 Aug 1976, E. J. Davis (1♂; WSU).
SOUTH DAKOTA. Lawrence: Beaver Creek (44°30.8'N, 104°00.4'W), 15 Jun 1969, W. W. Wirth (2♂, 3♀; USNM).
UTAH. Box Elder: Corinne (41°33.1'N, 112°06.6'W; on celery), 8 Aug 1953, G. F. Knowlton (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Bear River Bay (41°21.5'N, 112°21.3'W), 16 Aug 1953, G. F. Knowlton (1♂; USNM). Cache: Logan (41°44.1'N, 111°50.1'W), 17 Oct 1943, G. F. Knowlton (1♂; UMSP). Carbon: Deadman Canyon (16 km NE Price; 39°41.7'N, 110°44'W; 2055 m), 14–19 Aug 2008, 2009, D. and W. N. Mathis (9♂, 1♀; USNM). Davis: Farmington (40°58.8'N, 111°53.3'W), 4 Sep, G. F. Knowlton (1♂; USNM). Grand: Thompson Spring (8.9 km N Thompson Springs; 39°02.3'N, 109°43.4'W; 1740 m), 20 Aug 2009, W. N. Mathis, T. Zatwarnicki (5♂; USNM). Kane: East Fork of Virgin River (26.6 km N Kanab; 37°12.2'N, 112°41.4'W) 18 May 2001, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). Salt Lake: Butterfield Canyon (40°29.2'N, 112°08.2'W; 1890 m), 13 Aug 2008, D. and W. N. Mathis (11♂; USNM); Draper (40°31.6'N, 111°55.1'W; Jordan River; 1320 m), 10 May 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂; USNM); Midvale (40°36.7'N, 111°54'W), 2 Sep 1953, G. F. Knowlton (1♂; USNM); Salt Lake City (40°45.6'N, 111°53.5'W), 13 Sep 1953, G. F. Knowlton (1♀; USNM). Sanpete: Moroni (39°31.6'N, 111°34.4'W), 27 Jun 1940, A. L. Melander (1♂; USNM). Utah: Benjamin (40°05.9'N, 111°43.9'W), 21 Jun 1945, G. F. Knowlton (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Goshen Springs (39°57.8'N, 111°51.2'W), 16 Apr 2003, W. N. Mathis, T. Zatwarnicki (5♂, 4♀; USNM); Lake Shore (40°06.9'N, 111°41.8'W; 1370 m), 11 May 2007, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂; USNM).
WASHINGTON. Adams: Lower Crab Creek (46°54.6'N, 119°17.3'W), 28 Aug 1980, R. S. Zack (2♂; WSU). Benton: Plymouth (12 km W; 45°56.1'N, 119°24.6'W), 9 Jul 1978, R. S. Zack (2♀; WSU); Snively Spring, Hanford (46°27.1'N, 119°42.8'W), 24 Apr 1995, R. S. Zack (6♂, 11♀; WSU). Franklin: Handford Reach, Columbia River (46°24.6'N, 119°15.5'W), 20 Jul 2009, D. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Sacajawea State Park (46°12'N, 119°02.4'W; 100 m), 6 Jun 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). Grant: Beverly (Columbia River; 46°50.4'N, 119°56.4'W), 29 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Beverly Dunes (3.2 km E Beverly; 46°49.7'N, 119°53.7'W), 30 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM); Columbia National Wildlife Refuge (46°51.1'N, 119°32.2'W), 13 May 1959, H. F. Harwood (1♂; WSU); Crab Creek (4.8 km E Beverly; 46°50'N, 119°52'W), 30 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (20♂, 7♀; USNM); Othello (3.2 km W; 46°49.6'N, 119°13.4'W), 25 Jul 1992, R. S. Zack (11♂; WSU); Royal City (8 km W; 46°54'N, 119°47'W), 13 Jul 1978, R. S. Zack (23♂, 21♀; WSU). Kittitas: Vantage (Columbia River; 46°56.5'N, 119°59.1'W), 29 May 2006, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Lincoln: Wilbur Pond (47°45.6'N, 118°42.3'W), 8 Jul 1993, R. S. Zack (3♂; WSU). Okanogan: Little Goose Lake (48°16.5'N, 119°31'W), 22 Jul 1983, R. D. Akre, R. S. Zack (5♂; WSU); Okanogan (15 km SW, Soap Lake; 48°14.1'N, 119°39'W), 23 Jul 1983, R. D. Akre, R. S. Zack (6♂, 8♀; WSU). Spokane: Elokia Lake (48°01.6'N, 117°22.7'W), 24 Jun 1982, R. D. Akre, R. S. Zack (2♂; WSU). Whitman: Rock Lake (47°11.1'N, 117°40.9'W), 25 Jun 1982, R. D. Akre, R. S. Zack (1♂; WSU); Union Flat (46°49.6'N, 117°59.9'W), 3 Jul 1918 (1♂; USNM). Yakima: Prosser (7.6 km W; 46°11.3'N, 119°53'W), 14 Jun 1989, R. S. Zack (4♂, 3♀; WSU).
WYOMING. Albany: Laramie (41°18.5'N, 105°36.7'W), 9 Jul 1956 (1♂; USNM). Carbon: Elk Mountain (5 km W; 41°41.1'N, 106°26.4'W), 20 Aug 1982, R. S. Zack (2♂, 8♀; WSU).
Distribution
(Fig. 44) Nearctic: Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan), United States (Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming).
Etymology
The species epithet, occidentale, refers to the western distribution of this species in the Nearctic Region.
Remarks
This species is closely related to Allotrichoma bifidum Papp (1975)[1], which was relatively recently described from specimens collected in Hungary. The morphological differences between these two species are relatively slight but consistent and are especially evident in the shape of the extended cercus. The distal apex of the cercus in Allotrichoma occidentale is only slightly flared; whereas in Allotrichoma bifidum the apex is conspicuously and consistently much wider. Given these consistent differences and its pronounced allopatry with Allotrichoma bifidum, we have elected to treat this species as separate and distinct.
Taxon Treatment
- Mathis, W; Zatwarnicki, T; 2012: Revision of New World Species of the Shore-fly Subgenus Allotrichoma Becker of the Genus Allotrichoma with Description of the Subgenus Neotrichoma (Diptera, Ephydridae, Hecamedini) ZooKeys, 161: 1-101. doi
Other References
- ↑ Papp L (1975) Four new species of Ephydridae (Diptera) from Hungary. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 67: 213-217.
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