Difference between revisions of "Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013)"

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(Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013))
(Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013))
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  | journal = Zootaxa
 
  | journal = Zootaxa
 
  | volume = 3655
 
  | volume = 3655
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  | pages = 40 -- 45
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  | pages = 45 -- 48
 
  | doi = TODO
 
  | doi = TODO
 
  | citationurl =  
 
  | citationurl =  
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  | Familia = Chthoniidae
 
  | Familia = Chthoniidae
 
  | Genus = Chthonius
 
  | Genus = Chthonius
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  | Specific name = boldorii
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  | Specific name =  
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  | Infraspecific name = fuscimanus
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  | Infraspecific name =  
 
  | Taxon rank = genus
 
  | Taxon rank = genus
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  | Taxon authority = Gardini 1980c: 261
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  | Taxon authority = Gardini, Giulio, 2013
 
  | Taxon status =  
 
  | Taxon status =  
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  | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation| ''{{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii}}'' Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 40-45.}}  
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  | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation| ''{{Taxon name|Chthonius }}'' Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 45-48.}}  
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  | Wikispecies page name = Chthonius_boldorii
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  | Wikispecies page name = Chthonius_
 
  | ZooBank ID =  
 
  | ZooBank ID =  
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  | Pensoft Profile = Chthonius_boldorii
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  | Pensoft Profile = Chthonius_
 
}}
 
}}
  
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{{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content={{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} (E.) {{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''austriacus''}} (not Beier, 1931): Mahnert 1981: 96, 99, fig. 1.
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] locality:[[Italy]], Liguria, Savona Prov., Bergeggi (44 ° 15 ʹ 27 ʺN 8 ° 26 ʹ 35 ʺE).}}
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{{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} (E.) {{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''austriacus''}} (not Beier, 1931): Gardini 1991: 177 (misidentification, see {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}). {{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} (E.) {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''fuscimanus''}}: Muster et al.2004: 300, figs 1, 3, 5, 7– 12.
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Not C. (E.) {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''fuscimanus''}}: Gardini 2004: 129 (misidentification, see {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}).}}
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] locality:[[Italy]], Trentino, Trento Prov., Lavarone (45 ° 56 ʹN 11 ° 16 ʹE).}}
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{{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution.[[Italy]]: Liguria.}}
  
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{{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution.[[Austria]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Georgia]] (?), [[Germany]], NE [[Italy]], [[Turkey]] (?).}}
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{{Section|class=diagnosis|heading = Diagnosis|content=Diagnosis (Ƥ). An anophthalmic endogean {{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} ({{Taxon name|Ephippiochthonius|''Ephippiochthonius''}}) from western Liguria that differs from other species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger without isolated subapical tooth (di) and with spinneret in both sexes; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 5 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.021–0.025); length of chela 0.62–0.63 (3), 0.67–0.69 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.37–0.38 (3), 0.39–0.41 (Ƥ) mm; chela 5.6–5.7 (3), 5.5–5.6 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of movable chelal finger/hand 1.45–1.55 (3 Ƥ), ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3 (3 Ƥ).}}
  
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{{Section|class=diagnosis|heading = Diagnosis|content=Diagnosis (Ƥ). An oculated epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} ({{Taxon name|Ephippiochthonius|''Ephippiochthonius''}}) from northeastern Alps that differs from other species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (di); pedipalpal hand (in lateral view) without a rounded hump distad of trichobothria ibisb, weakly depressed at level of ib-isb; pedipalpal fixed finger at level of est-it with 3–4 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.043–0.050); pedipalpal movable finger with 5–7 triangular teeth; proximal half of pedipalpal movable finger with straight, thick marginal lamina; length of chela 1.0– 1.12 (3), 1.13–1.25 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.52–0.58 (3), 0.58–0.63 (Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3–1.7.}}
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material.[[ITALY]] —Liguria: Savona Prov.—1 3 ([[holotype]]), Bergeggi, cork oak wood (44 ° 15 ʹ 27 ʺN 8 ° 26 ʹ 35 ʺE), 15.X. 2007, M. Capurro, D. Duradoni & L. Galli leg., soil; 1 Ƥ ([[paratype]]), id., 21.IV. 2006; 1 3 ([[paratype]]), id., 13.VI. 2007; 1 Ƥ ([[paratype]]), Calizzano, Colle del Melogno, 1000 m a.s.l., 29.V. 1979, S. Zoia leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood; 1 Ƥ ([[paratype]]) ({{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} (E.) {{Taxon name|Chthonius nanus|''nanus''}} Beier, M. Beier det.), Noli, Capo Noli, 14.I. 1973, G. Gardini leg. ([[holotype]] deposited in MHNG, [[paratype|paratypes]] in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).}}
  
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material examined.[[ITALY]] —Trentino: Trento Prov.—1 Ƥ ([[holotype]]), “ {{Taxon name|Chthonius tetrachelatus subsp. fuscimanus|''Chthonius tetrachelatus fuscimanus''}} subsp. n.[[typu|typus]]! / Lavarone (Trentino) A. Dodero [leg.], Ag. 99 [VIII. 1899]” (MSNG).
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{{Section|class=etymology|heading = Etymology|content=Derivatio nominis. The species is dedicated to Loris Galli (DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e della Vita, Università degli Studi di Genova) as an appreciation of his contributions to our knowledge of the edaphic fauna of Liguria.}}
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Other material examined.[[ITALY]] —Friuli: Pordenone Prov.—1 Ƥ, Aviano, towards Piancavallo, 350–450 m a.s.l., no date, M. Seriani leg., chestnut wood; 1 3 1 T, id., Piancavallo, no date, M. Seriani, leaf litter in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood and under stone; 1 Ƥ, Aviano, 1.XII. 1986, M. Seriani leg., chestnut wood; 1 3, id., Piancavallo, 1250 m a.s.l., 23.VI. 1996, F. Gasparo leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood; 2 Ƥ, Barcis, near Ponte Molassa, 400 m a.s.l., 6.XI. 2004 / 20.VIII. 2005, G. Governatori leg., buried baits in broad-leaved wood; 1 Ƥ 1 D, Claut, Alta Val Cellina, Val Margons, 870 m a.s.l., 3.V. 2002, A. Dall’Asta leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 2 Ƥ, id., Alta Val Cellina, Pian de Cea, road to Casera Casavento, 930 m a.s.l., 1.VII– 13.VII. 2002, A. Dall’Asta leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 3 2 Ƥ 1 D, id., Val Settimana, between Stalle Parigina and Stalla Pustrin, 650 m a.s.l., 2.V– 16.V. 2002, A. Dall’Asta leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 D, id., 3.V. 2002 (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, id., 16.V– 30.V. 2002 (MFNB); 3 Ƥ, id., 30.V– 17.VI. 2002 (MFNB); 4 Ƥ, id., 17.VI– 1.VII. 2002 (MFNB); 1 3 3 Ƥ 1 D, id., 1.VII– 13.VII. 2002 (MFNB); 4 3 7 Ƥ 4 T, id., 13.VII– 29.VII. 2002 (MFNB); 5 3 2 Ƥ, Montereale Valcellina, 360 m a.s.l., 23.III– 27.VII. 1995, F. Gasparo leg., traps in coppice; 2 Ƥ 1 T, Sequals, Torbiera di Sequals, 200 m a.s.l., 14.X. 2001, G. Colombetta leg., pitfall traps (MFNB); 1 3 2 Ƥ, id., 29.X. 2001, G. Tomasin leg., tuft of {{Taxon name|Carex|''Carex''}} sp. (MFNB); 2 3 3 Ƥ, Torrate, Bosco near Torrate, 23.I. 1982, M. Seriani leg., {{Taxon name|Quercus|''Quercus''}} and {{Taxon name|Carpinus|''Carpinus''}}; 1 Ƥ 1 T, Tramonti di Sotto, near Campone, 2.X. 1985, S. Zoia leg.; 2 3 1 Ƥ, id., Bosco Selvàz, 21.VI. 1987, L. Dreon leg.; 2 Ƥ, Vito d'Asio, Pielungo, 12.V. 1985, M. Seriani leg., oak wood. Friuli: Udine Prov.—1 3 1 Ƥ, Amaro, 350 m a.s.l., 10.I– 8.V. 1991, F. Gasparo leg.; 4 3, Artegna, 250 m a.s.l., 4.III– 11.VIII. 1992, F. Gasparo leg., traps; 1 Ƥ, Bertiolo, Risorgive di Virco, 23 m a.s.l., 31.III. 2001, A. Zanetti, A. Tagliapietra, G. Tomasin & G. Governatori leg., basic peat, base of {{Taxon name|Alnus glutinosa|''Alnus glutinosa''}} (MFNB); 1 3, id., Risorgive di Virco, 23 m a.s.l., 19.VI. 2001, G. Colombetta leg., pitfall traps in wet wood (MFNB); 2 Ƥ 1 T, id., 19.VI. 2001 (MFNB); 1 Ƥ 1 D, id., 16.X. 2001 (MFNB); 1 D, id., 16.X. 2001, pitfall traps in wet wood (MFNB); 1 3 1 D, id., 26.XI. 2001, G. Tomasin & F. Stoch leg., basic peat, tuft of {{Taxon name|Carex|''Carex''}} sp. (MFNB); 1 3, Bordano, north of Bordano, 450 m a.s.l., 13.V. 1992, F. Gasparo leg.; 3 3 2 Ƥ, Carlino, 22.XI. 1989, M. Seriani leg., Querco-Carpinetum; 2 3 1 Ƥ, Cavazzo Carnico, 290 m a.s.l., 16.IV– 23.IX. 1992, F. Gasparo leg., traps in {{Taxon name|Picea|''Picea''}} wood; 2 3 5 Ƥ, id., 290 m a.s.l., 16.IV. 1992, F. Gasparo leg.; 4 3 2 Ƥ, Cervignano, Bosco Pradiziolo, 16.I. 1983, M. Seriani leg., oak wood (together with 1 3 5 Ƥ of {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}); 4 3 5 Ƥ 1 T, id., 4.III. 1983, M. Seriani leg. (together with 1 3 1 Ƥ of {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}); 1 T, Chiusaforte, Raunis, 560 m a.s.l., 6.VIII. 1995, G. Governatori leg., under stone; 1 3, Forni di Sotto, 800–850 m a.s.l., 13.IV. 1996, F. Gasparo leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood; 5 3 7 Ƥ, Lusevera, Alta Val Torre, near Case Tacia, 840 m a.s.l., 26.VIII. 1992, M. M. Giovannelli leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, id., near Casere Tanatcason, 740 m a.s.l., 6.VIII– 4.IX. 2006, G. Colombetta & L. Dorigo leg., scree slope (together with 2 3 of {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}) (MFNB); 1 3 1 T, id., 29.VIII– 16.X. 2007, P. Glerean & L. Dorigo leg., scree slope (MFNB); 2 3 4 Ƥ, id., [[Isola]] Torrente Mea, 700 m a.s.l., 5.VIII. 1992, M. Governatori leg., shrubs (MFNB); 2 3 2 Ƥ, id., 5.VIII– 2.IX. 1992, G. Governatori & C. Luppi leg., shrubs (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, id., 7.X– 7.XI. 1992, G. Governatori leg., shrubs (MFNB); 4 Ƥ, id., 7.XI. 1992, G. Governatori leg.; 1 Ƥ, id., Valle Torrente Mea, 19.XI. 2000, G. Governatori leg., pitfall trap (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, id., Passo di Tanamea, 1000 m a.s.l., 5.VIII. 1992, G. Governatori leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 3 3 6 Ƥ, id., Pian di Tapou, 900 m a.s.l., 7.XI. 1992, G. Governatori & C. Luppi leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 3, id., 4.IX– 5.X. 2006, G. Colombetta leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 2 Ƥ, id., 21.VI– 13.VII. 2007 (MFNB); 3 Ƥ, id., Torrente Vedronza, 330 m a.s.l., 5.VIII. 1992, G. Governatori leg., mixed wood (MFNB); 1 Ƥ 1 T, Moggio Udinese, Stavoli Cuel Lung Alto, slope of Monte Zovet, 700 m a.s.l., 19.VI– 16.VII. 2001, A. Dall’Asta leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 3 4 Ƥ 2 T, id., 16.VII– 20.VIII. 2001, G. Governatori leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 3, id., 20.VIII. 26.IX. 2001, G. Governatori leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 D, id., 30.X. 2001, G. Governatori leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 3, id., Stavoli Tugliezzo, Rio Lavarie, 470 m a.s.l., 19.VI– 16.VII. 2001, A. Dall’Asta leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 6 3 7 Ƥ 10 T 22 D, id., 26.IX– 30.X. 2001, G. Governatori & A. Dall’Asta leg., cone traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (together with 2 3 1 Ƥ of {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}) (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, Musi, 14.XI. 1980, M. Seriani leg., moss; 2 3, Muzzana, 15.X. 1982, M. Seriani leg., Querco-Carpinetum; 2 Ƥ ({{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''C. austriacus''}}, G. Callaini det.), Pradis, 10.IV. 1983, M. Seriani leg. (MSNV); 1 3 2 Ƥ, Prestento, Torreano, 190 m a.s.l., 6.IV– 10.VII. 1993, F. Gasparo leg., traps in {{Taxon name|Carpinus betulus|''Carpinus betulus''}} wood; 3 Ƥ, Ragogna, San Giorgio, 150 m a.s.l., 2.XI. 2003, D. Bianco leg. (EPV); 3 Ƥ, Resia, near Uccea, 780 m a.s.l., 1.VI. 1986, C. Torti & S. Zoia leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood; 2 Ƥ, id., Val Uccea, near Casera Malicuc, 760 m a.s.l., 20.VII– 20.VIII. 2001, G. Governatori leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 3 2 Ƥ, id., Val Uccea, near Torrente Uccea, 650 m a.s.l. ca, 17.IV– 6.VI. 2006, G. Colombetta & L. Dorigo leg., pitfall traps (MFNB); 1 3, id., 12.VII– 14.VIII. 2007 (MFNB); 1 3, id., 14.VIII– 16.X. 2007, P. Glerean & L. Dorigo leg. (MFNB); 1 D, Rivignano, Risorgive Zarnicco, 13 m a.s.l., 31.III. 2001, A. Zanetti, A. Tagliapietra, G. Tomasin & G. Governatori leg., riparian wood, base of {{Taxon name|Alnus glutinosa|''Alnus glutinosa''}} (MFNB); 1 T 1 D, id., 19.VI. 2001, G. Colombetta leg., pitfall traps in riparian wood (MFNB); 1 D, id., 16.X. 2001 (MFNB); 2 3, Sezza, Zuglio, 670 m a.s.l., 20.II– 3.VIII. 1992, F. Gasparo leg., traps; 1 3 1 Ƥ, Taipana, Monteaperta, southern slope of Gran Monte, 700 m a.s.l. ca, 10.IX– 10.X. 1994, G. Governatori leg., secondary lawn (MFNB); 1 3, Tolmezzo, Caneva, 360 m a.s.l., 10.VI. 1993, F. Gasparo leg., mixed wood; 1 3, Trasaghis, 250 m a.s.l., 5.V. 1992, F. Gasparo leg. (together with 1 3 2 Ƥ of {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}); 2 3 3 Ƥ 7 T 4 D, Trasaghis, Peonis, 180 m a.s.l., 29.VIII– 13.XI. 1991, F. Gasparo leg., {{Taxon name|Ostrya carpinifolia|''Ostrya carpinifolia''}}; 14 3 15 Ƥ 2 T, Venzone, Pioverno, 250 m a.s.l., 11.II– 14.VII. 1992, F. Gasparo leg., traps in {{Taxon name|Ostrya carpinifolia|''Ostrya carpinifolia''}} wood (together with 1 3 2 ƤƤ of {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}); 1 T, id., Monte Plauris group, near Casera Ungarina, 1325 m a.s.l., 2.VIII– 1.IX. 2006, G. Colombetta & L. Dorigo leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, id., Monte Plauris group, near Malga Confin, 1315 m a.s.l. ca, 19.VI– 25.VII. 2007, G. Colombetta & L. Dorigo leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 3 3 1 T, id., Valle Venzonassa, Borgo Prabunello, 765 m a.s.l., 20.VI– 2.VIII. 2006, G. Colombetta & L. Dorigo leg. (MFNB); 1 3 1 T, id., 2.VIII– 1.IX. 2006, wood (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, id., 1.IX– 30.IX. 2006 (MFNB); 1 3 2 Ƥ, id., 30.IV– 19.VI. 2007, pitfall traps in Ostryo-Fagetum (MFNB); 1 3 1 Ƥ, id., 19.VI– 25.VII. 2007 (MFNB); 2 T, id., 30.IX– 1.XI. 2007, G. Colombetta leg., pitfall traps in Ostryo-Fagetum (MFNB); 1 3 1 Ƥ 1 T, id., Val Venzonassa, near Casera Frassin near Rio Bruschie, 630 m a.s.l. ca, 25.VII– 6.IX. 2007, P. Glerean & L. Dorigo leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 T, id., 6.IX– 9.X. 2007, G. Colombetta leg., pitfall traps in {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood (MFNB); 1 Ƥ, Verzegnis, Pozzis, 31.X. 1982, M. Seriani leg.; 1 3, Villa Santina, 400 m a.s.l., 11.II– 29.IV. 1994, F. Gasparo leg., {{Taxon name|Carpinus betulus|''Carpinus betulus''}} wood; 2 Ƥ, id., 29.IV– 5.VII. 1994, F. Gasparo leg., traps in {{Taxon name|Carpinus betulus|''Carpinus betulus''}} wood; 1 3 1 Ƥ, id., 30.IV. 1991, F. Gasparo leg., {{Taxon name|Carpinus|''Carpinus''}}; 1 Ƥ, Villa Santina, near Avaglio, 420 m a.s.l., 14.VII. 1993, M. Bodon leg. Veneto: Belluno Prov.—2 3 2 T, near Piano del Cansiglio, 1000 m a.s.l., 4.X. 1985, S. Zoia leg., {{Taxon name|Fagus sylvatica|''Fagus sylvatica''}} wood; 1 3 ({{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''C. austriacus''}}, G. Callaini det.), Agordo, [no date], S. Ruffo leg. (MSNV); 1 Ƥ ({{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''C. austriacus''}}, G. Lazzeroni det.), id., 4.V. 1967, Riggio & R. Gioco leg. (MSNV); 3 3 3 Ƥ, id., La Muda, 550 m a.s.l., 2.VII. 1985, G. Gardini & R. Rizzerio leg.; 1 3, Sovramonte, small valley near Grotta Faller 3189 V/BL, 650 m a.s.l., 4.VI. 2006, D. Bianco & E. Piva leg. (EPV). Ve n e to: Treviso Prov.—1 Ƥ, Cansiglio, 6.VI. 1974, A. Minelli leg.; 1 3, Passo Sant’Ubaldo, northern slope, 16.VI. 1973, A. Minelli leg.; 1 3, Cison di Valmarino, 3.VII. 1975, A. Minelli leg.; 1 Ƥ 1 T, Crespano del Grappa, Beata Vergine del Covolo, 400 m a.s.l., 11.I. 1998, A. Zanetti leg.; 1 3, Fadalto, 2.VIII. 1972, A. Minelli leg.; 1 Ƥ, id., 8.X. 1972; 1 3 3 Ƥ, id., 12.X. 1972; 2 Ƥ, id., Sella di Fadalto, 500 m a.s.l., 3.VIII. 1991, F. Gasparo leg., {{Taxon name|Ostrya carpinifolia|''Ostrya carpinifolia''}}; 2 3 1 Ƥ, Miane, Combai, 450 m a.s.l., 8.IV. 1972, A. Minelli leg.; 1 3, Susegana, Castello San Salvatore, Ricovero difensivo 74 V /TV, 150 m a.s.l., 8.VI. 2002, Forte & S. Vanin leg. (SVP); 1 Ƥ, Vittorio Veneto, Monte Pizzoc, 1200 m a.s.l., 18.V. 1972, A. Minelli leg. Veneto: Vicenza Prov.—1 Ƥ, Arcugnano, Lago di Fimon, 31.VIII. 1987, R. Rizzerio & G. Gardini leg.; 1 3, Asiago, Cima Fonte, 400 m a.s.l., 14.VI. 1992, L. Latella leg.; 1 3, id., Cima Echar, 1200 m a.s.l., 23.IX. 1999, R. Monguzzi leg. (RMM); 1 Ƥ, Cornedo Vicentino, Cereda, small valley near Grotta del [[Cameron]], 350 m a.s.l., 14.IX. 2005, D. Bianco leg. (EPV); 1 3, Enego, between Enego and Primolano, 500 m a.s.l., 8.VIII. 1991, F. Gasparo leg.; 1 Ƥ, Valdagno, Passo Zovo, Grotta Sette Fé, 630 m a.s.l., 4.V. 2003, D. Bianco leg. (EPV); 1 Ƥ, Zovencedo, 8.III. 1982, M. Seriani leg. Veneto: Verona Prov.—1 3 1 T, Bussolengo, Parco Natura Viva, 14.VI. 2002, Marzotto & S. Vanin leg. (SVP); 1 3 ({{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''C. austriacus''}}, G. Lazzeroni det.), Giazza, Tregnago, 8.V. 1968, G. Lazzeroni leg. (MSNV); 1 Ƥ, Monteforte d’Alpone, Sant’Ilario, 8.III. 1982, M. Seriani leg.; 4 3 ({{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''C. austriacus''}}, G. Lazzeroni det.), Monti Lessini, Rifugio Rivolto, 9.VII. 1968, G. Lazzeroni & A. Montolli leg. (MSNV); 1 3 ({{Taxon name|Chthonius austriacus|''C. austriacus''}}, G. Lazzeroni det.), Velo Veronese, 8.V. 1968, G. Lazzeroni & A. Montolli leg. (MSNV).}}
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{{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description of adults (Ƥ). Integument pigmented, carapace, tergites, chelicerae and pedipalps brown; pedipalpal hand mostly darker than chelal fingers; hispid granulation on lateral surface of carapace and on cheliceral palm. Carapace 0.9–1.1 times longer than broad, subquadrate; anterior margin (figs 68–69) strongly dentate between median macrosetae, sometimes weakly prominent, without epistome; ocular area as in fig. 70, four well-developed eyes: anterior pair with convex lens (diameter 0.048–0.058 mm) and tapetum; posterior eyes with flat lens or reduced to ocular spot; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.034–0.054 mm; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae thick; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.08–0.15 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 9–12:(3) 9–11 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; sternite IV rarely with (2) 8 (2) setae, sternite V rarely with 7 or 9 setae; genital opening of males mostly flanked by 7–8 (rarely 9 or 11) setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 71–72) 2.1–2.2 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 6–9 subequal teeth and 5–9 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with a large isolated subapical tooth (di), at level with the spinneret, 4 (rarely 5) teeth proximally reduced in size and 4–5 proximal microtubercles; gl ratio 0.56–0.62; spinneret large and prominent, apically rounded, slightly smaller in males; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior respectively with 12 and 14 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 6; coxa II with 7–11 (rarely 12–13) coxal spines, coxa III with 3–5 (rarely 2, 6 or 7) coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 6.5 –7.0 (3), 6.3–6.7 (Ƥ) times as long as broad, ventrobasally with weakly hispid granulation; chela (figs 73–75) 5.4–5.8 (3), 4.4 –5.0 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.4–2.5 (3), 2.05–2.3 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed at level of ib-isb, without hump distad of ib-isb; fixed chelal finger mostly with 11–12 (rarely 9, 10 or 13) large triangular teeth, with dental canals, slightly reclined; the first distal triangular tooth sometimes very small; the first two proximal teeth mostly brought close together and prominent, the first one mostly apically rounded, sometimes rudimentary but always with dental canal; base of fixed finger with a variable number of microtubercles or without microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3–4 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.043–0.050 mm); distal half of movable finger with 6–7 (rarely 5) upright, large, triangular teeth with dental canals; first proximal tooth of movable finger at middle or slightly distad of middle finger (ratio 0.50–0.55); proximal half of movable finger with straight, thick marginal lamina; coupled sensilla pc mostly between b and sb, rarely nearer sb; trichobothria as in figs 74–75, eb-esb-ist mostly in a straight line; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, rectangular, slightly bent and apically truncated; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.2 (3), 1.1 (Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.3–1.4 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3– 1.7 (3 Ƥ).
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{{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description of adults (Ƥ). Integument with weak pigmentation, carapace, tergites, chelicerae and pedipalps pale brown; lateral surface of carapace, cheliceral palm, distal surface of pedipalpal hand and base of movable chelal finger with evident hispid granulation. Carapace 1.0 times longer than broad, subquadrate, posteriorly slightly constricted; anterior margin (figs 76–78) strongly dentate between median macrosetae, mostly with small epistome; ocular area as in fig. 79, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae fine, preocular microsetae short and thick; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.085–0.10 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; sternite II rarely with 11 setae; sternite III rarely with (3) 9 (3) setae; genital opening of males flanked by 5–7 setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 80–81) 2.0– 2.2 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 6–8 teeth proximally reduced in size and 6–10 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with 6–8 teeth proximally reduced in size and 3–4 proximal microtubercles; movable finger without isolated subapical tooth (di); gl ratio 0.57–0.60; spinneret prominent, triangle-shaped; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior respectively with 12 and 14 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 6; coxa II with 6–8 coxal spines, coxa III with 4–5 (rarely 3) coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 5.6 (3), 5.2–5.8 (Ƥ) times as long as broad, with basal hispid granulation; chela (figs 82–84) 5.6–5.7 (3), 5.5–5.6 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.2–2.3 (3), 2.2–2.25 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed at level ib-isb in females, with straight profile in males, with abrupt slope between trichobothria ib-isb and eb-esbist; fixed chelal finger with 12–15 triangular, weakly reclined teeth with dental canals: the first one or two proximal teeth with tip rounded, the 2–3 distal teeth gradually reduced distally; base of fixed finger with 6–10 microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; pedipalpal fixed finger at level of est-it with 5 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.021–0.025 mm); distal half of movable finger with 7–10 upright, triangular teeth, the distal one very small, with dental canals; proximal half of movable finger with thick marginal lamina irregularly undulated, more fine between sb and b; coupled sensilla pc mostly nearer to sb than to b, rarely at halfway between sb and b; trichobothria as in figs 83–84, eb-esb-ist placed in a straight line; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, rectangular, apically mostly reduced; ratio of movable finger/hand 1.45–1.55 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.15–1.2 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3 (3 Ƥ).
  
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Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.5 –2.0 (3), 1.9–2.4 (Ƥ).Carapace 0.40–0.51 × 0.40–0.50 (0.42–0.49 anteriorly) (3), 0.48–0.61 × 0.48–0.58 (0.44–0.54 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.40–0.43 × 0.18–0.20 (3), 0.45– 0.51 × 0.21–0.24 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.20–0.22 (3), 0.23–0.26 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.71–0.80 × 0.11–0.12 (3), 0.82–0.88 × 0.125–0.14 (Ƥ); chela 1.0– 1.12 × 0.18–0.19 (3), 1.13–1.25 × 0.23–0.265 (Ƥ); hand length 0.43– 0.48 (3), 0.51–0.58 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.52–0.58 (3), 0.58–0.63 (Ƥ).
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Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.1–1.25. Carapace 0.34–0.35 × 0.32–0.34 (0.29–0.31 anteriorly) (3), 0.36–0.37 × 0.35–0.37 (0.32–0.35 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.28–0.29 × 0.13 (3), 0.32–0.34 × 0.145–0.17 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.14 (3), 0.16–0.17 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.45 × 0.08 (3), 0.465–0.47 × 0.08–0.09 (Ƥ); chela 0.62–0.63 × 0.11 (3), 0.67–0.69 × 0.12–0.125 (Ƥ); hand length 0.245–0.25 (3), 0.27–0.275 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.37–0.38 (3), 0.39–0.41 (Ƥ).}}
  
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Description of tritonymph. Integument with weak pigmentation, hispid granulation less marked than in adults. Carapace 1.1 times longer than broad, without epistome; eyes as in adults; chaetotaxy m 4m: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18); length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.08 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites as in adults. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 5:(2) 8 (2):(1) 6 (1): 7: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7. Chelicerae 2.2 times as long as broad, palm with 5 setae and 1 lateral microseta; fixed finger with 6 teeth, movable finger with an isolated subapical tooth (di) and 3–4 teeth; gl ratio 0.56. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 2 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 5; coxa II with 6–7 coxal spines, coxa III with 3 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 5.7 times as long as broad; chela 5.6–5.8 times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.5 times as long as deep; fixed chelal finger with 10 teeth; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; distal half of movable finger with 7 teeth, proximal half of movable finger with straight, thick marginal lamina; coupled sensilla pc distad of b; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.2; ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.3; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3.
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{{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. Among the species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''Chthonius fuscimanus''}} group lacking an isolated subapical tooth (di) on movable cheliceral finger, {{Taxon name|Chthonius gallii|''C. gallii''}} n. sp. is closely related to the epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}} from western Liguria. It differs from {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}} in the complete lack of eyes (anterior eyes present in {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}}), in the presence of a spinneret in both sexes (mostly absent in males of {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}}), in its larger size [length of chela 0.62–0.63 mm (3) 0.67–0.69 (Ƥ) mm in {{Taxon name|Chthonius gallii|''C. gallii''}}, 0.51–0.53 mm (3) 0.56–0.57 (Ƥ) mm in {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}}], in having the appendages more elongated [chela 5.6–5.7 (3) 5.5–5.6 (Ƥ) times as long as deep in {{Taxon name|Chthonius gallii|''C. gallii''}}, 5.1–5.3 (3) 4.6–4.75 (Ƥ) times as long as deep in {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}}]. The shape of pedipalpal hand is similar in both species (figs 83–84 and 136–137).}}
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Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.3. Carapace 0.40 × 0.36 (0.31 anteriorly). Chelicerae 0.31 × 0.135, movable finger length 0.16. Pedipalp: femur 0.52 × 0.09; chela 0.71–0.73 × 0.125; hand length 0.32; movable finger length 0.38–0.39.}}
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{{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. Among the species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''Chthonius fuscimanus''}} group, {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} is related to the epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}, from which it differs solely by the presence of the isolated subapical tooth (di) on the cheliceral movable finger (Muster et al., 2004: see Remarks under {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}}).
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Italian populations of {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} show morphological features and dimensional ranges in agreement with those reported in Gardini (1980 c) and Muster et al. (2004), apart from the lower length of pedipalpal femur: 0.54– 0.68 (3) 0.60–0.78 (Ƥ) according to the latter authors.
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{{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} is distributed in [[Italy]] continuously from the Dolomites and Venetian pre-Alps in the West (East of Lake Garda, as also stated by Muster et al., 2004) to the Julian Alps and pre-Alps in the East, with scattered occurrences in the plane of Friuli.
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Beier (1963 b) recorded {{Taxon name|Chthonius boldorii|''C. boldorii''}} (1 3 2 Ƥ) from Ponte Strambo near Bedonia ({{Taxon name|Emilia|''Emilia''}}) and Muster et al. (2004, p. 311, fig. 20) refer to {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} a “juv.” from Bedonia; the presence of both species in the Northern Apennines needs to be confirmed, as do and many other Italian records of {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} reported by Gardini (2000).}}
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==Taxon Treatment==
 
==Taxon Treatment==
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*{{aut|Gardini, Giulio}}; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa '''3655''': 40-45. {{doi|TODO}}
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*{{aut|Gardini, Giulio}}; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa '''3655''': 45-48. {{doi|TODO}}
  
 
[[Category:Work Pending at Plazi]]
 
[[Category:Work Pending at Plazi]]
  
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{{Provided by Plazi | id = 03DE87C1FFC7F94C6B99FB6B1C2AA557}}

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Gardini, Giulio (2013) A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas. Zootaxa 3655 : 45 – 48, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143961, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143961 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.

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BibTeX:

@article{Gardini2013Zootaxa3655,
author = {Gardini, Giulio},
journal = {Zootaxa},
title = {A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas},
year = {2013},
volume = {3655},
issue = {},
pages = {45 -- 48},
doi = {TODO},
url = {},
note = {Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143961, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143961 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.}

}

RIS/ Endnote:

TY - JOUR
T1 - A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas
A1 - Gardini, Giulio
Y1 - 2013
JF - Zootaxa
JA -
VL - 3655
IS -
UR - http://dx.doi.org/TODO
SP - 45
EP - 48
PB -
M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143961, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143961 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.

M3 - doi:TODO

Wikipedia/ Citizendium:

<ref name="Gardini2013Zootaxa3655">{{Citation
| author = Gardini, Giulio
| title = A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas
| journal = Zootaxa
| year = 2013
| volume = 3655
| issue =
| pages = 45 -- 48
| pmid =
| publisher =
| doi = TODO
| url =
| pmc =
| accessdate = 2025-04-04

}} Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143961, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143961 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.</ref>


Taxonavigation

Ordo: Pseudoscorpiones
Familia: Chthoniidae

Name

Chthonius Gardini, Giulio, 2013 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

  • Chthonius Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 45-48.

Materials Examined

Type locality:Italy, Liguria, Savona Prov., Bergeggi (44 ° 15 ʹ 27 ʺN 8 ° 26 ʹ 35 ʺE).

Distribution

Distribution.Italy: Liguria.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis (Ƥ). An anophthalmic endogean Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) from western Liguria that differs from other species of the C. fuscimanus group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger without isolated subapical tooth (di) and with spinneret in both sexes; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 5 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.021–0.025); length of chela 0.62–0.63 (3), 0.67–0.69 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.37–0.38 (3), 0.39–0.41 (Ƥ) mm; chela 5.6–5.7 (3), 5.5–5.6 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of movable chelal finger/hand 1.45–1.55 (3 Ƥ), ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3 (3 Ƥ).

Materials Examined

Type material.ITALY —Liguria: Savona Prov.—1 3 (holotype), Bergeggi, cork oak wood (44 ° 15 ʹ 27 ʺN 8 ° 26 ʹ 35 ʺE), 15.X. 2007, M. Capurro, D. Duradoni & L. Galli leg., soil; 1 Ƥ (paratype), id., 21.IV. 2006; 1 3 (paratype), id., 13.VI. 2007; 1 Ƥ (paratype), Calizzano, Colle del Melogno, 1000 m a.s.l., 29.V. 1979, S. Zoia leg., Fagus sylvatica wood; 1 Ƥ (paratype) (Chthonius (E.) nanus Beier, M. Beier det.), Noli, Capo Noli, 14.I. 1973, G. Gardini leg. (holotype deposited in MHNG, paratypes in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).

Etymology

Derivatio nominis. The species is dedicated to Loris Galli (DISTAV, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e della Vita, Università degli Studi di Genova) as an appreciation of his contributions to our knowledge of the edaphic fauna of Liguria.

Description

Description of adults (Ƥ). Integument with weak pigmentation, carapace, tergites, chelicerae and pedipalps pale brown; lateral surface of carapace, cheliceral palm, distal surface of pedipalpal hand and base of movable chelal finger with evident hispid granulation. Carapace 1.0 times longer than broad, subquadrate, posteriorly slightly constricted; anterior margin (figs 76–78) strongly dentate between median macrosetae, mostly with small epistome; ocular area as in fig. 79, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae fine, preocular microsetae short and thick; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.085–0.10 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; sternite II rarely with 11 setae; sternite III rarely with (3) 9 (3) setae; genital opening of males flanked by 5–7 setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 80–81) 2.0– 2.2 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 6–8 teeth proximally reduced in size and 6–10 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with 6–8 teeth proximally reduced in size and 3–4 proximal microtubercles; movable finger without isolated subapical tooth (di); gl ratio 0.57–0.60; spinneret prominent, triangle-shaped; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior respectively with 12 and 14 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 6; coxa II with 6–8 coxal spines, coxa III with 4–5 (rarely 3) coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 5.6 (3), 5.2–5.8 (Ƥ) times as long as broad, with basal hispid granulation; chela (figs 82–84) 5.6–5.7 (3), 5.5–5.6 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.2–2.3 (3), 2.2–2.25 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed at level ib-isb in females, with straight profile in males, with abrupt slope between trichobothria ib-isb and eb-esbist; fixed chelal finger with 12–15 triangular, weakly reclined teeth with dental canals: the first one or two proximal teeth with tip rounded, the 2–3 distal teeth gradually reduced distally; base of fixed finger with 6–10 microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; pedipalpal fixed finger at level of est-it with 5 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.021–0.025 mm); distal half of movable finger with 7–10 upright, triangular teeth, the distal one very small, with dental canals; proximal half of movable finger with thick marginal lamina irregularly undulated, more fine between sb and b; coupled sensilla pc mostly nearer to sb than to b, rarely at halfway between sb and b; trichobothria as in figs 83–84, eb-esb-ist placed in a straight line; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, rectangular, apically mostly reduced; ratio of movable finger/hand 1.45–1.55 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.15–1.2 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.3 (3 Ƥ).

Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.1–1.25. Carapace 0.34–0.35 × 0.32–0.34 (0.29–0.31 anteriorly) (3), 0.36–0.37 × 0.35–0.37 (0.32–0.35 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.28–0.29 × 0.13 (3), 0.32–0.34 × 0.145–0.17 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.14 (3), 0.16–0.17 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.45 × 0.08 (3), 0.465–0.47 × 0.08–0.09 (Ƥ); chela 0.62–0.63 × 0.11 (3), 0.67–0.69 × 0.12–0.125 (Ƥ); hand length 0.245–0.25 (3), 0.27–0.275 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.37–0.38 (3), 0.39–0.41 (Ƥ).

Discussion

Remarks. Among the species of the Chthonius fuscimanus group lacking an isolated subapical tooth (di) on movable cheliceral finger, C. gallii n. sp. is closely related to the epigean C. ligur from western Liguria. It differs from C. ligur in the complete lack of eyes (anterior eyes present in C. ligur), in the presence of a spinneret in both sexes (mostly absent in males of C. ligur), in its larger size [length of chela 0.62–0.63 mm (3) 0.67–0.69 (Ƥ) mm in C. gallii, 0.51–0.53 mm (3) 0.56–0.57 (Ƥ) mm in C. ligur], in having the appendages more elongated [chela 5.6–5.7 (3) 5.5–5.6 (Ƥ) times as long as deep in C. gallii, 5.1–5.3 (3) 4.6–4.75 (Ƥ) times as long as deep in C. ligur]. The shape of pedipalpal hand is similar in both species (figs 83–84 and 136–137).

Taxon Treatment

  • Gardini, Giulio; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa 3655: 45-48. doi
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