Difference between revisions of "Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013)"

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(Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013))
(Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013))
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  | journal = Zootaxa
 
  | journal = Zootaxa
 
  | volume = 3655
 
  | volume = 3655
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  | pages = 59 -- 61
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  | pages = 63 -- 66
 
  | doi = TODO
 
  | doi = TODO
 
  | citationurl =  
 
  | citationurl =  
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  | Taxon authority = Gardini, Giulio, 2013
 
  | Taxon authority = Gardini, Giulio, 2013
 
  | Taxon status =  
 
  | Taxon status =  
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  | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation| ''{{Taxon name|Chthonius }}'' Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 59-61.}}  
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  | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation| ''{{Taxon name|Chthonius }}'' Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 63-66.}}  
 
  | Wikispecies page name = Chthonius_
 
  | Wikispecies page name = Chthonius_
 
  | ZooBank ID =  
 
  | ZooBank ID =  
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}}
 
}}
  
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] locality:[[Italy]], Liguria, Imperia Prov., Apricale, Mt Cianela (43 ° 53 ʹ 45 ʺN 7 ° 40 ʹ 36 ʺE).}}
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] locality:[[Italy]], Latium, {{Taxon name|Latina|''Latina''}} Prov., Bassiano, Grotta di Fiume Coperto 1361 La/LT (41 ° 31 ʹ0 6.8 ʺN 12 ° 59 ʹ 38.1 ʺE).}}
  
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{{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution.[[Italy]]: Liguria.}}
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{{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution.[[Italy]]: Latium.}}
  
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{{Section|class=diagnosis|heading = Diagnosis|content=Diagnosis (Ƥ). A microphthalmic epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} ({{Taxon name|Ephippiochthonius|''Ephippiochthonius''}}) from Ligurian pre-Alps that differs from other species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (di); spinneret absent or vestigial in males; pedipalpal hand (in lateral view) without a marked rounded hump distad of the trichobothria ib-isb, weakly depressed at level of ib-isb; fixed and movable chelal fingers respectively with 11–12 and 5–6 triangular teeth (proximal rounded teeth excepted); pedipalpal fixed finger at level of est-it with 5 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.021 mm); proximal half of movable chelal finger with thick and undulated marginal lamina; length of chela 0.51–0.53 (3), 0.56 – 0.55 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable finger 0.30–0.31 (3), 0.315–0.325 (Ƥ) mm; chela 5.2–5.4 (3), 4.6–4.75 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.15–1.2 (3 Ƥ).}}
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{{Section|class=diagnosis|heading = Diagnosis|content=Diagnosis (Ƥ). An anophthalmic hypogean {{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} ({{Taxon name|Ephippiochthonius|''Ephippiochthonius''}}) from Latium that differs from other species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (di) at level with the spinneret; carapace without epistome and with 2 preocular microsetae on each side; pedipalpal hand (in lateral view) without a rounded hump distad of trichobothria ib-isb; fixed and movable chelal finger respectively with 13–14 and 8–9 triangular teeth; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); proximal half of pedipalpal movable finger with straight, thick marginal lamina, weakly undulated; length of chela 1.14–1.19 (3), 1.27 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.66–0.70 (3), 0.74 (Ƥ) mm; chela 8.2–8.4 (3), 7.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 (3 Ƥ).}}
  
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material. ITALY— Liguria: Imperia Prov.—1 3 ([[holotype]]), 22 3 18 Ƥ 8 T ([[paratype|paratypes]]), Apricale, halfway between Baiardo and Apricale, Monte Cianela (43 ° 53 ʹ 45 ʺN 7 ° 40 ʹ 36 ʺE), ± 590 m a.s.l., 6.XI. 1981, S. Zoia, G. Gardini & A. Boato leg., sieved in {{Taxon name|Quercus ilex|''Quercus ilex''}} wood on flysch ([[holotype]] deposited in MHNG, [[paratype|paratypes]] in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).}}
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{{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material. ITALY— Latium: {{Taxon name|Latina|''Latina''}} Prov. —1 3 ([[holotype]]) 1 Ƥ ([[paratype]]), Bassiano, Monti Lepini, Grotta di Fiume Coperto 1361 La/LT (= Gr. dell’Acquapuzza) (41 ° 31 ʹ0 6.8 ʺN 12 ° 59 ʹ 38.1 ʺE), 21 m a.s.l., 6.XI. 1997, L. Latella leg., sulphurous cave; 1 3 ([[paratype]], with broken opisthosoma), Bassiano, Monti Lepini, Grotta della Cava 384 La/LT, 27 m a.s.l., 13.VIII. 1997, L. Latella leg. ([[holotype]] deposited in MHNG, [[paratype|paratypes]] in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).}}
  
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{{Section|class=etymology|heading = Etymology|content=Derivatio nominis. The Intemelii were the inhabitants of Albium Intemelium (Strabo, Geography, IV 6, 1), the current Ventimiglia, in which the villages of Baiardo and Apricale are situated.}}
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{{Section|class=etymology|heading = Etymology|content=Derivatio nominis. The species is dedicated to Leonardo Latella (Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Verona) as an appreciation of his contributions to our knowledge of the subterranean fauna of central and southern [[Italy]].}}
  
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{{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description of adults (Ƥ). Integument weakly pigmented; carapace, tergites, chelicerae and pedipalps pale yellow-brown; marked hispid granulation on lateral surface of carapace and on cheliceral palm. Carapace 1.0– 1.1 times longer than broad, subquadrate, posteriorly slightly constricted; anterior margin (figs 112–114) strongly dentate between median macrosetae, sometimes with small epistome; ocular area as in fig. 115, anterior eyes with tapetum and weak convex lens (diameter 0.025–0.028 mm), posterior eyes absent, reduced to a pale cuticular area with hispid granulation; distance from anterior eyes to anterior margin of carapace 0.02–0.03 mm; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae thick; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.070 –0075 mm. Chaetotaxy tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; sternite III rarely with (3) 10 (3) setae; genital opening of males flanked by 5 or 6 (rarely 8) setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 116–118) 2.0– 2.1 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 6–7 teeth proximally reduced in size and 5–10 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with a large isolated subapical tooth (di), 5 teeth proximally reduced in size and 4–7 proximal microtubercles; gl ratio 0.56–0.62; spinneret mostly absent in males (rarely weakly raised), prominent and apically rounded in females; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior respectively with 12 and 14 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 6; coxa II with 6–8 (rarely 5) coxal spines, coxa III with 4–5 (rarely 3) coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 5.1–5.3 (3 Ƥ) times as long as broad, with laterobasal hispid granulation; chela (figs 119–120) 5.2–5.4 (3), 4.6–4.75 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.15–2.2 (3), 2.0 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, depressed at level of ib-isb, in males with dorsal straight profile between the base and ibisb; ventrodistal surface of chelal hand with weak hispid granulation; fixed chelal finger with 11–12 (rarely 13) triangular teeth, weakly reclined, with dental canals: the first 2–3 distal teeth reduced in size, the proximal one tooth with rounded tip; base of fixed finger with 6–9 microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 5 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.021 mm); distal half of movable chelal finger with 6 (rarely 5) upright, triangular teeth, with dental canals; proximal half of movable chelal finger with 1–3 vestigial teeth, marginal lamina thick, undulated; coupled sensilla pc mostly at level of sb; trichobothria as in figs 119–120, eb-esb-ist placed in a straight line; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, subrectangular, apically triangular; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.4–1.5 (3), 1.2–1.35 (Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.2 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/ carapace 1.15–1.2 (3 Ƥ).
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{{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description of adults (Ƥ). Highly specialized troglomorphic facies; integument without pigmentation; hispid granulation on lateral surface of carapace, on cheliceral palm and on pedipalpal hand. Carapace 1.0 times longer than broad, posteriorly constricted; anterior margin (figs 121–122) closely dentate between median macrosetae, without epistome; ocular area as in fig. 123, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae slightly thick; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.13–0.14 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; genital opening of males flanked by 6–8 setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 124–125) 2.3–2.4 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 9–10 teeth (worn in female [[paratype]]) proximally reduced in size and 3–6 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with a large isolated subapical tooth (di) level with spinneret and 9–10 teeth (worn in female [[paratype]]), the first 2 distal teeth joined together and prominent; movable finger with 5 proximal microtubercles; gl ratio 0.56–0.59; spinneret weakly prominent and apically rounded in male, prominent and apically sharpened in female; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior respectively with 12 and 14 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5 (rarely 6), IV 6; coxa II with 12 coxal spines, coxa III with 5 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 8.2–8.3 (3 Ƥ) times as long as broad; chela (figs 126–128) 8.2–8.4 (3), 7.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 3.2–3.4 (3) 3.3 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed proximad of trichobothria ib-isb and with a weak hump distad of ib-isb; fixed chelal finger with 13–14 triangular, upright teeth and one proximal tooth with tip rounded, all with dental canals; base of fixed finger with 3–4 microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); distal half of movable chelal finger with 8–9 triangular, upright teeth with dental canals and one proximal vestigial tooth without dental canal; proximal half of movable chelal finger with thick, straight marginal lamina, irregularly undulated in female; coupled sensilla pc nearer sb than b; trichobothria as in figs 127–128, ist distad of the line eb-esb; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, long and fine; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.4–1.5 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.2– 1.25 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 (3 Ƥ).
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Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.0– 1.05 (3), 1.05–1.1 (Ƥ). Carapace 0.31–0.32 × 0.28–0.30 (0.24–0.26 anteriorly) (3), 0.315–0.33 × 0.32–0.33 (0.28–0.29 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.23–0.245 × 0.11–0.115 (3), 0.26– 0.27 × 0.125–0.13 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.115–0.12 (3), 0.125–0.13 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.36–0.37 × 0.07 (3), 0.37–0.39 × 0.07–0.08 (Ƥ); chela 0.51–0.53 × 0.095–0.10 (3), 0.56–0.57 × 0.12 (Ƥ); hand length 0.205–0.22 (3), 0.24 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.30–0.31 (3), 0.315–0.325 (Ƥ).
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Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.7 (3), 1.95 (Ƥ). Carapace 0.46 × 0.44–0.45 (0.42–0.43 anteriorly) (3), 0.51 × 0.49 (0.46 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.42–0.44 × 0.175–0.19 (3), 0.48 × 0.20 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.21–0.23 (3), 0.24 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.83–0.86 × 0.10–0.105 (3), 0.92 × 0.11 (Ƥ); chela 1.14–1.19 × 0.135– 0.145 (3), 1.27 × 0.16 (Ƥ); hand length 0.46–0.47 (3), 0.53 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.66–0.70 (3), 0 74 (Ƥ).}}
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Description of tritonymph. Integument with weak pigmentation and weak cuticular hispid granulation. Carapace 1.1 times longer than broad, anterior margin dentate, without epistome; anterior eyes with tapetum and weak convex lens, posterior eyes absent; chaetotaxy m 4m: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.05– 0.06 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites as in adults. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–IX 5:(2) 6 (2):(1) 6 (1): 7: 6: 6: 6: 6. Chelicerae 2.0 times as long as broad, palm with 5 setae and 1 lateral microseta; fixed finger with 5–6 teeth, movable finger with an isolated subapical tooth (di) and 5 teeth; spinneret as in females; rallum with 9 blades; serrula interior with 10, exterior with 12 blades; gl ratio 0.61. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 2 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 5; coxa II with 5–8 coxal spines, coxa III with 3–5 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle. Pedipalp: femur 5.1–5.2 times as long as broad; chela 5.0– 5.2 times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.1– 2.25 times as long as deep; fixed finger with 11 triangular teeth, the first two proximal apically rounded; base of fixed finger with microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; distal half of movable finger with 5–6 triangular teeth and 2–3 vestigial teeth, marginal lamina weakly undulated; coupled sensilla pc mostly nearer to b than sb; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.3–1.4; ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.15–1.2; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.0.
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Measurements (in mm). Body length 0.80. Carapace 0.26–0.29 × 0.23–0.25 (0.20–0.22 anteriorly). Chelicerae 0.18–0.20 × 0.09–0.10, movable finger length 0.09–0.10. Pedipalp: femur 0.26–0.28 × 0.05–0.055; chela 0.39– 0.425 × 0.075–0.085; hand length 0.17–0.18; movable finger length 0.22–0.245.}}
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{{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. Among the species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''Chthonius fuscimanus''}} group, {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}} n. sp. is closely related to {{Taxon name|Chthonius nanus|''C. nanus''}}, a common and widespread epigean species also present in the environs of Baiardo. It is difficult to verbally describe the differences between the two species, which are nevertheless recognizable at first sight: {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}} differs from {{Taxon name|Chthonius nanus|''C. nanus''}} in the shape of pedipalpal hand (less elongate and more depressed at level of ib-isb and, in lateral view, with a more square profile in {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}}), in the reduction of the eyes (anterior ones with weak lens, posterior absent in {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}}), in the shape of spinneret (absent or rarely vestigial in males of {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}}) and in a smaller average size [length of chela 0.51–0.53 mm (3) 0.56–0.57 mm (Ƥ) in {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}}, 0.52–0.65 mm (3), 0.56–0.73 mm (Ƥ) in {{Taxon name|Chthonius nanus|''C. nanus''}}]. It differs from {{Taxon name|Chthonius tyrrhenicus|''C. tyrrhenicus''}} (which seems to be absent from the Province of Imperia) in the shape of the pedipalpal hand (with a less square profile in {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}}), the reduction of the eyes and the shape of the spinneret in males. {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}} differs from the epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}}, from Baiardo, chiefly in the presence of an isolated subapical tooth (di) on the movable cheliceral finger (absent in {{Taxon name|Chthonius ligur|''C. ligur''}}). For comparisons of {{Taxon name|Chthonius intemelius|''C. intemelius''}} with {{Taxon name|Chthonius aeneae|''C. aeneae''}} from eastern Liguria, see Remarks under the latter species.}}
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{{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. Among the species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''Chthonius fuscimanus''}} group, {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}} n. sp. is probably related to the epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius tyrrhenicus|''C. tyrrhenicus''}}, occurring in the same geographical area, from which it differs in most troglomorphic characters.
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{{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}} n. sp. differs from other hypogean species of central [[Italy]] ({{Taxon name|Chthonius magrinii|''C. magrinii''}}, {{Taxon name|Chthonius etruscus|''C. etruscus''}} and {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}) in a higher degree of troglomorphy. It differs from {{Taxon name|Chthonius magrinii|''C. magrinii''}}, also from Latium, in the presence of two preocular microsetae on each side (no microsetae in {{Taxon name|Chthonius magrinii|''C. magrinii''}}), in the absence of an epistome (weakly prominent in {{Taxon name|Chthonius magrinii|''C. magrinii''}}), in its greater size and more elongated appendages [length of chela 1.14–1.19 (3) mm, chela 8.2–8.4 (3) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 in {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}; length of chela 0.85–0.88 (3) mm, chela 6.8 (3) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.5 in {{Taxon name|Chthonius magrinii|''C. magrinii''}}] and in the dentition of the chelal fingers (fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm, distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 in {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 4 teeth occupying 0.1 mm, distance between successive apices 0.030 in {{Taxon name|Chthonius magrinii|''C. magrinii''}}). Comparisons between {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}} and {{Taxon name|Chthonius etruscus|''C. etruscus''}} are made in the Remarks under the latter species. {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}} differs from {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}, from Marche, in the position of di with respect to the spinneret (level with spinneret in {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}, proximad of spinneret in {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}) and in the more elongated appendages [chela 8.2–8.4 (3) 7.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 in {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}; chela 7.2–7.4 (3) 6.6–6.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.7–1.8 in {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}].}}
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{{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Like {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}, {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}, inhabits a karstic complex characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulphide (Latella et al.1999).}}
  
 
==Taxon Treatment==
 
==Taxon Treatment==
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*{{aut|Gardini, Giulio}}; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa '''3655''': 59-61. {{doi|TODO}}
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*{{aut|Gardini, Giulio}}; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa '''3655''': 63-66. {{doi|TODO}}
  
 
[[Category:Work Pending at Plazi]]
 
[[Category:Work Pending at Plazi]]
  
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{{Provided by Plazi | id = 03DE87C1FFD1F95E6B99FAFA1CC3A147}}
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{{Provided by Plazi | id = 03DE87C1FFD5F9226B99FF1B192CA0AC}}

Revision as of 19:22, 13 June 2017

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This page should be cited as follows (rationale):
Gardini, Giulio (2013) A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas. Zootaxa 3655 : 63 – 66, doi. Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143968, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143968 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.

Citation formats to copy and paste

BibTeX:

@article{Gardini2013Zootaxa3655,
author = {Gardini, Giulio},
journal = {Zootaxa},
title = {A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas},
year = {2013},
volume = {3655},
issue = {},
pages = {63 -- 66},
doi = {TODO},
url = {},
note = {Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143968, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143968 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.}

}

RIS/ Endnote:

TY - JOUR
T1 - A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas
A1 - Gardini, Giulio
Y1 - 2013
JF - Zootaxa
JA -
VL - 3655
IS -
UR - http://dx.doi.org/TODO
SP - 63
EP - 66
PB -
M1 - Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143968, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143968 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.

M3 - doi:TODO

Wikipedia/ Citizendium:

<ref name="Gardini2013Zootaxa3655">{{Citation
| author = Gardini, Giulio
| title = A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas
| journal = Zootaxa
| year = 2013
| volume = 3655
| issue =
| pages = 63 -- 66
| pmid =
| publisher =
| doi = TODO
| url =
| pmc =
| accessdate = 2025-04-04

}} Versioned wiki page: 2017-06-13, version 143968, https://species-id.net/w/index.php?title=Chthonius_(Gardini,_Giulio_2013)&oldid=143968 , contributors (alphabetical order): PlaziBot.</ref>


Taxonavigation

Ordo: Pseudoscorpiones
Familia: Chthoniidae

Name

Chthonius Gardini, Giulio, 2013 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile

  • Chthonius Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 63-66.

Materials Examined

Type locality:Italy, Latium, Latina Prov., Bassiano, Grotta di Fiume Coperto 1361 La/LT (41 ° 31 ʹ0 6.8 ʺN 12 ° 59 ʹ 38.1 ʺE).

Distribution

Distribution.Italy: Latium.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis (Ƥ). An anophthalmic hypogean Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) from Latium that differs from other species of the C. fuscimanus group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (di) at level with the spinneret; carapace without epistome and with 2 preocular microsetae on each side; pedipalpal hand (in lateral view) without a rounded hump distad of trichobothria ib-isb; fixed and movable chelal finger respectively with 13–14 and 8–9 triangular teeth; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); proximal half of pedipalpal movable finger with straight, thick marginal lamina, weakly undulated; length of chela 1.14–1.19 (3), 1.27 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.66–0.70 (3), 0.74 (Ƥ) mm; chela 8.2–8.4 (3), 7.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 (3 Ƥ).

Materials Examined

Type material. ITALY— Latium: Latina Prov. —1 3 (holotype) 1 Ƥ (paratype), Bassiano, Monti Lepini, Grotta di Fiume Coperto 1361 La/LT (= Gr. dell’Acquapuzza) (41 ° 31 ʹ0 6.8 ʺN 12 ° 59 ʹ 38.1 ʺE), 21 m a.s.l., 6.XI. 1997, L. Latella leg., sulphurous cave; 1 3 (paratype, with broken opisthosoma), Bassiano, Monti Lepini, Grotta della Cava 384 La/LT, 27 m a.s.l., 13.VIII. 1997, L. Latella leg. (holotype deposited in MHNG, paratypes in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).

Etymology

Derivatio nominis. The species is dedicated to Leonardo Latella (Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Verona) as an appreciation of his contributions to our knowledge of the subterranean fauna of central and southern Italy.

Description

Description of adults (Ƥ). Highly specialized troglomorphic facies; integument without pigmentation; hispid granulation on lateral surface of carapace, on cheliceral palm and on pedipalpal hand. Carapace 1.0 times longer than broad, posteriorly constricted; anterior margin (figs 121–122) closely dentate between median macrosetae, without epistome; ocular area as in fig. 123, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae slightly thick; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.13–0.14 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; genital opening of males flanked by 6–8 setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 124–125) 2.3–2.4 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 9–10 teeth (worn in female paratype) proximally reduced in size and 3–6 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with a large isolated subapical tooth (di) level with spinneret and 9–10 teeth (worn in female paratype), the first 2 distal teeth joined together and prominent; movable finger with 5 proximal microtubercles; gl ratio 0.56–0.59; spinneret weakly prominent and apically rounded in male, prominent and apically sharpened in female; rallum with 11 blades; serrulae interior and exterior respectively with 12 and 14 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5 (rarely 6), IV 6; coxa II with 12 coxal spines, coxa III with 5 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 8.2–8.3 (3 Ƥ) times as long as broad; chela (figs 126–128) 8.2–8.4 (3), 7.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 3.2–3.4 (3) 3.3 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed proximad of trichobothria ib-isb and with a weak hump distad of ib-isb; fixed chelal finger with 13–14 triangular, upright teeth and one proximal tooth with tip rounded, all with dental canals; base of fixed finger with 3–4 microtubercles; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); distal half of movable chelal finger with 8–9 triangular, upright teeth with dental canals and one proximal vestigial tooth without dental canal; proximal half of movable chelal finger with thick, straight marginal lamina, irregularly undulated in female; coupled sensilla pc nearer sb than b; trichobothria as in figs 127–128, ist distad of the line eb-esb; basal apodeme of movable finger strongly sclerotized, long and fine; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.4–1.5 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.2– 1.25 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 (3 Ƥ). Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.7 (3), 1.95 (Ƥ). Carapace 0.46 × 0.44–0.45 (0.42–0.43 anteriorly) (3), 0.51 × 0.49 (0.46 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.42–0.44 × 0.175–0.19 (3), 0.48 × 0.20 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.21–0.23 (3), 0.24 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.83–0.86 × 0.10–0.105 (3), 0.92 × 0.11 (Ƥ); chela 1.14–1.19 × 0.135– 0.145 (3), 1.27 × 0.16 (Ƥ); hand length 0.46–0.47 (3), 0.53 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.66–0.70 (3), 0 74 (Ƥ).

Discussion

Remarks. Among the species of the Chthonius fuscimanus group, C. latellai n. sp. is probably related to the epigean C. tyrrhenicus, occurring in the same geographical area, from which it differs in most troglomorphic characters.

C. latellai n. sp. differs from other hypogean species of central Italy (C. magrinii, C. etruscus and C. sulphureus) in a higher degree of troglomorphy. It differs from C. magrinii, also from Latium, in the presence of two preocular microsetae on each side (no microsetae in C. magrinii), in the absence of an epistome (weakly prominent in C. magrinii), in its greater size and more elongated appendages [length of chela 1.14–1.19 (3) mm, chela 8.2–8.4 (3) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 in C. latellai; length of chela 0.85–0.88 (3) mm, chela 6.8 (3) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.5 in C. magrinii] and in the dentition of the chelal fingers (fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm, distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 in C. latellai; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 4 teeth occupying 0.1 mm, distance between successive apices 0.030 in C. magrinii). Comparisons between C. latellai and C. etruscus are made in the Remarks under the latter species. C. latellai differs from C. sulphureus, from Marche, in the position of di with respect to the spinneret (level with spinneret in C. latellai, proximad of spinneret in C. sulphureus) and in the more elongated appendages [chela 8.2–8.4 (3) 7.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.8–1.9 in C. latellai; chela 7.2–7.4 (3) 6.6–6.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.7–1.8 in C. sulphureus].

Description

Like C. sulphureus, C. latellai, inhabits a karstic complex characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulphide (Latella et al.1999).

Taxon Treatment

  • Gardini, Giulio; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa 3655: 63-66. doi
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