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Ordo: Coleoptera
Familia: Chrysomelidae
Genus: Pachybrachis
Name
Pachybrachis bivittatus (Say, 1824) – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Cryptocephalus bivittatus Say, 1824: 440.
- Pachybrachys albescens Suffrian, 1858: 404.
Recognition
Body very large, primarily yellow (Habitus 2); prothorax suffused with rufous; elytral punctation confused, with somewhat apparent rows on disc; elytral color pattern bivittate, with outer vitta rarely entire (Figure 7e); pygidium yellow (Figure 8a); male size large: length 3.12 ± 0.16 mm, width 1.64 ± 0.05 mm. These characters allow identification of even singleton females.
Distribution
Pachybrachis bivittatus is a transcontinental species found across Canada and the United States (LeSage 1991[1]; Riley et al. 2003[2]). In Ontario, it is most common in the southernmost counties. In Québec, it occurs in the Ottawa Valley and in the St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Saguenay Region is probably its northernmost limit (Map 2).
Material examined
ONTARIO: Carleton Co., Constance Bay, 26.VI.1995, B. F. & J. L. Carr [1♀, CNC]; Elgin Co., New Sarum, 16.VI.1956, W. J. Brown [5♂ 5♀, CNC]; Essex Co., Amherstburg, 6.VI.1936, G. M. Stirrett [2♀, CNC]; Belle River, 26.V.1946, S. D. Hicks [1♂, CNC]; Kingsville, 23.V.1962, Kelyone & Thorpe [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 19.VI.1954, G. B. Wiggins [1♀, ROM]; Pelee Island, 24–27.VI.1935, R. C. Osburn [1♂ 1♀, OSUC]; same data, except 4.VII.1940, W. J. Brown [2♀, CNC]; Point Pelee, 29.VI.1931, W. J. Brown [4♂ 7♀, CNC]; same data, except 1.VI.1933, G. M. Stirrett [3♂, CNC]; same data, except 29.V.1955, S. D. Hicks [3♂ 4♀, CNC]; same data, except 28.VI.1961, Kelton & Brumpton [2♂ 1♀, CNC]; Haldimand Co., Dunnville, 7.VII.1961, W. & W. Plath [1♂, USNM]; same data, except 7.VIII.1961, W. Plath [1♂, USNM]; Kent Co., Thamesville, 15.VI.1930, G. M. Stirrett [1♀, CNC]; Rondeau Park, 5.VI.1985, J. M. Campbell & A. Davies [1♀, CNC]; Lambton Co., Grand Bend, 17.VI.1956, W. J. Brown [1♂ 4♀, CNC]; Lincoln Co., Beamsville, 19.VII.1939, S. D. Hicks [3♂ 3♀, CNC].
QUÉBEC: Argenteuil Co., Carillon, 24.V.1974, E. J. Kiteley [2♂ 1♀, CNC]; Deux-Montagnes Co., La Trappe, 5.VIII.1932, J. Ouellet [1♂, CEUM]; Île-de-Montréal Co., Montréal, F. Knab [1♂, USNM]; same data, except 31.V.1941 [1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 15.VI.1961, M. Larochelle [1♂, CEUM]; same data, except 3–14.VII.1969, E. J. Kiteley [4♂ 6♀, CNC]; same data, except 17.VI, J. Ouellet [1♀, USNM]; Nicolet Co., Bécancour, 24.VI.1967, J. L. Laliberté [1♂, IDM]; Portneuf Co., Neuville, 9.VII.1939, J. Filteau [1♂ 1♀, CEUM]; Sainte-Catherine, 17.VI.1953, J. C. Aubé [1♂ 7♀, LEM]; same data, except 8.VII.1956 [2♀, LEM]; Québec Co., Sainte-Foy, 17.VI.1933, V. Boulet [1♀, CEUM]; Cap-Rouge, 27.VI.1956, J. L. Laliberté [2♂ 2♀, IDM]; Saguenay Co., Rivière Deschênes, 22.VI.1966, A. Franeslier [1♀, CEUM]; Saint-Jean Co., Cantic, 25.VI.1983, on Salix amygdaloides Andersson, A. Larochelle [1♂ 3♀, CNC]; Saint- Maurice Co., Pointe-du-Lac, 3.VII.1937 [1♀, CEUM]; Vaudreuil Co., Rigaud, 12.VII.1908, J. Ouellet [1♂, CEUM].
Host plants
Pachybrachis bivittatus is typically associated with willows (Salix spp., Salicaceae) (Fall 1915[3]; Barney 1984[4]; Downie and Arnett 1996[5]; Clark et al. 2004[6] for literature review). In Canada, MacNay (1958)[7] reported a light infestation of Pachybrachis bivittatus on the foliage of willow along the river banks north of Coaldale, in Alberta. In eastern Canada, LeSage (personal observations) observed it on Bebb’s willow (Salix bebbiana Sarg.), sand-bar willow (Salix interior Rowlee), and stalked willow (Salix petiolaris J.E. Smith). Larochelle (see above) collected it on the peach-leaved willow (Salix amygdaloides Andersson). The larvae feed in the litter, on willow leaves, but only when they are decayed (LeSage 1985[8]).
Comments
With its large size, bivittate elytra, and close association with willows, Pachybrachis bivittatus is one of the easiest species to identify.
Taxon Treatment
- Barney, R; LeSage, L; Savard, K; 2013: Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada ZooKeys, 332: 95-175. doi
Other References
- ↑ LeSage L (1991) Family Chrysomelidae leaf beetles. In: Bousquet Y (Ed) Checklist of beetles of Canada and Alaska. Research Branch, Agriculutre Canada. Publication 1861/E., Ottawa, 301–323.
- ↑ Riley E, Clark S, Seeno T (2003) Catalog of the leaf beetles of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae and Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication no. 1, 290 pp.
- ↑ Fall H (1915) A revision of the North American species of Pachybrachys. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 41: 291-486.
- ↑ Barney R (1984) Records of Pachybrachis in Illinois (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The Great Lakes Entomologist 17(3): 137-144.
- ↑ Downie N, Arnett R (1996) The Beetles of Northeastern North America. Volume II. Polyphaga: Series Bostriciformia through Curculionidea. The Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, Florida, 831 pp.
- ↑ Clark S, LeDoux D, Seeno T, Riley E, Gilbert A, Sullivan J (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada. The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 2, 476 pp.
- ↑ MacNay C (1958) General-feeding and miscellaneous insects. The Canadian Insect Pest Review 36: 158-188.
- ↑ LeSage L (1985) The eggs and larvae of Pachybrachis peccans and P. bivittatus, with a key to the known immature stages of the nearctic genera of Cryptocephalinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The Canadian Entomologist 117: 203-220. doi: 10.4039/Ent117203-2
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