Difference between revisions of "Chthonius (Gardini, Giulio 2013)"
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| journal = Zootaxa | | journal = Zootaxa | ||
| volume = 3655 | | volume = 3655 | ||
| − | | pages = | + | | pages = 110 -- 112 |
| doi = TODO | | doi = TODO | ||
| citationurl = | | citationurl = | ||
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| Taxon authority = Gardini, Giulio, 2013 | | Taxon authority = Gardini, Giulio, 2013 | ||
| Taxon status = | | Taxon status = | ||
| − | | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation| ''{{Taxon name|Chthonius }}'' Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: | + | | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation| ''{{Taxon name|Chthonius }}'' Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 110-112.}} |
| Wikispecies page name = Chthonius_ | | Wikispecies page name = Chthonius_ | ||
| ZooBank ID = | | ZooBank ID = | ||
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}} | }} | ||
| − | {{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] locality:[[ | + | {{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] locality:[[Italy]], Marche, Ancona Prov., Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN (43 ° 24 ʹ0 7 ʺN 12 ° 58 ʹ0 7 ʺE).}} |
| − | {{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution.[[ | + | {{Section|class=distribution|heading = Distribution|content=Distribution.[[Italy]]: Marche.}} |
| − | {{Section|class=diagnosis|heading = Diagnosis|content=Diagnosis (Ƥ). | + | {{Section|class=diagnosis|heading = Diagnosis|content=Diagnosis (Ƥ). An anophthalmic hypogean {{Taxon name|Chthonius|''Chthonius''}} ({{Taxon name|Ephippiochthonius|''Ephippiochthonius''}}) from Marche that differs from other species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''C. fuscimanus''}} group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (di) proximal with respect to the spinneret; carapace without epistome, with 2 preocular microsetae on each side; chelal hand (in lateral view) without a rounded hump distad of trichobothria ib-isb; fixed and movable chelal finger respectively with 14 and 8 triangular teeth; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); proximal half of movable chelal finger with straight, thick marginal lamina; length of chela 1.07–1.095 (3), 1.11–1.25 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.64–0.66 (3), 0.65–0.73 (Ƥ) mm; chela 7.2–7.4 (3), 6.6–6.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.7–1.8 (3 Ƥ).}} |
| − | {{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content= | + | {{Section|class=materials_examined|heading = Materials Examined|content=[[Type]] material. ITALY— Marche: Ancona Prov.—1 3 ([[holotype]]) 1 3 6 Ƥ ([[paratype|paratypes]]), Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN (43 ° 24 ʹ0 7 ʺN 12 ° 58 ʹ0 7 ʺE), 15.XI. 1996, S. Sarbu leg., deep section; 2 3 4 Ƥ ([[paratype|paratypes]]), Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN, Grotta del Fiume-Grotta del Vento, Ramo sulfureo, 7.IX. 1998, S. Sarbu leg.; 2 Ƥ ([[paratype|paratypes]]), Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN, Grotta Sulfurea, 7.IX. 1998, S. Sarbu leg. ([[holotype]] deposited in MHNG, [[paratype|paratypes]] in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).}} |
| − | {{Section|class= | + | {{Section|class=etymology|heading = Etymology|content=Derivatio nominis.{{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''Sulphureus''}} (Latin, adj.), relating to sulphur. The deep zones of the Frasassi caves complex are characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulphide and the organic material is produced by chemoautotrophic organisms (Sarbu et al.2000), allowing the development and maintenance of a hypogean community, including {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}.}} |
| − | Measurements (in mm). Body length 1. | + | {{Section|class=description|heading = Description|content=Description of adults (Ƥ). Troglomorphic facies. Integument weakly pigmented; marked hispid granulation on lateral surfaces of carapace, on cheliceral palm and on ventrodistal surface of chelal hand. Carapace 1.0 times longer than broad, posteriorly constricted; anterior margin (figs 210–211) closely denticulate between median macrosetae, without epistome; ocular area as in fig. 212, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae fine; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.12–0.13 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. |
| + | Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; sternite III rarely with (3) 7 (3) setae, sternite V rarely with 9 setae; genital opening of males flanked by 7–8 (rarely 6) setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 213–215) 2.3– 2.45 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 9–12 teeth, proximally reduced in size, and 4–7 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with an isolated subapical tooth (di), proximal with respect to the spinneret, 5–8 teeth, distal tooth prominent and apically indented, and 3–5 proximal microtubercles; gl ratio 0.57–0.62; spinneret weakly prominent in males, prominent, acute and apically rounded in females; rallum with 11 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 6; coxa II with 11–16 coxal spines, coxa III with 5–9 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 7.4–7.7 (3), 7.2–7.65 (Ƥ) times as long as broad; chela (figs 216–218) 7.2–7.4 (3), 6.6– 6.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.9 –3.0 (3), 2.7–2.8 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed behind trichobothria ib-isb; fixed chelal finger with 14 large, triangular, pointed teeth, one proximal tooth with rounded tip, all with dental canals and 3–5 microtubercles at finger base; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); distal half of movable chelal finger with 8 large, triangular, upright and pointed teeth and 1 proximal rounded tooth, all with dental canals; proximal half of movable chelal finger with straight, thick marginal lamina (rarely irregular and thinner) between b and sb; coupled sensilla pc nearer to sb than to b; trichobothria as in figs 217–218; basal apodeme of movable chelal finger strongly sclerotized, long, narrowed and indented apically; trichobothria eb-esb-ist placed in a straight line; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.5 (3), 1.4 (Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.2 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.7–1.8 (3 Ƥ). | ||
| + | Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.7–1.8 (3), 1.7 –2.0 (Ƥ). Carapace 0.44–0.45 × 0.43–0.45 (0.39–0.42 anteriorly) (3), 0.47–0.53 × 0.47–0.52 (0.44–0.49 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.41–0.42 × 0.17–0.175 (3), 0.445– 0.49 × 0.18–0.20 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.21 (3), 0.21–0.25 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.76–0.78 × 0.10–0.105 (3), 0.80–0.88 × 0.11–0.12 (Ƥ); chela 1.07–1.095 × 0.145–0.15 (3), 1.11–1.25 × 0.16–0.185 (Ƥ); hand length 0.43– 0.44 (3), 0.45–0.51 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.64–0.66 (3), 0.65–0.73 (Ƥ).}} | ||
| − | {{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. Among the species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''Chthonius fuscimanus''}} group, {{Taxon name|Chthonius | + | {{Section|class=discussion|heading = Discussion|content=Remarks. Among the species of the {{Taxon name|Chthonius fuscimanus|''Chthonius fuscimanus''}} group, {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}} n. sp. is probably related to the epigean {{Taxon name|Chthonius tyrrhenicus|''C. tyrrhenicus''}} from the same geographical area, from which it differs in most troglomorphic characters, and to {{Taxon name|Chthonius etruscus|''C. etruscus''}} and {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}, hypogean species from central [[Italy]]. For comparisons between {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}, {{Taxon name|Chthonius etruscus|''C. etruscus''}} and {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}} see Remarks under the latter two species. |
| − | + | {{Taxon name|Chthonius sulphureus|''C. sulphureus''}}, like {{Taxon name|Chthonius latellai|''C. latellai''}}, inhabits a karstic complex characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulphide (Sarbu et al.2000, Latella et al.1999).}} | |
==Taxon Treatment== | ==Taxon Treatment== | ||
| − | *{{aut|Gardini, Giulio}}; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa '''3655''': | + | *{{aut|Gardini, Giulio}}; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa '''3655''': 110-112. {{doi|TODO}} |
[[Category:Work Pending at Plazi]] | [[Category:Work Pending at Plazi]] | ||
| − | {{Provided by Plazi | id = | + | {{Provided by Plazi | id = 03DE87C1FF86F90C6B99FA9B1A1BA4BC}} |
Revision as of 18:23, 13 June 2017
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Ordo: Pseudoscorpiones
Familia: Chthoniidae
Name
Chthonius Gardini, Giulio, 2013 – Wikispecies link – Pensoft Profile
- Chthonius Gardini, Giulio, 2013, Zootaxa 3655: 110-112.
Materials Examined
Type locality:Italy, Marche, Ancona Prov., Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN (43 ° 24 ʹ0 7 ʺN 12 ° 58 ʹ0 7 ʺE).
Distribution
Distribution.Italy: Marche.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis (Ƥ). An anophthalmic hypogean Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) from Marche that differs from other species of the C. fuscimanus group in the following combination of characters: movable cheliceral finger with isolated subapical tooth (di) proximal with respect to the spinneret; carapace without epistome, with 2 preocular microsetae on each side; chelal hand (in lateral view) without a rounded hump distad of trichobothria ib-isb; fixed and movable chelal finger respectively with 14 and 8 triangular teeth; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); proximal half of movable chelal finger with straight, thick marginal lamina; length of chela 1.07–1.095 (3), 1.11–1.25 (Ƥ) mm, length of movable chelal finger 0.64–0.66 (3), 0.65–0.73 (Ƥ) mm; chela 7.2–7.4 (3), 6.6–6.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.7–1.8 (3 Ƥ).
Materials Examined
Type material. ITALY— Marche: Ancona Prov.—1 3 (holotype) 1 3 6 Ƥ (paratypes), Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN (43 ° 24 ʹ0 7 ʺN 12 ° 58 ʹ0 7 ʺE), 15.XI. 1996, S. Sarbu leg., deep section; 2 3 4 Ƥ (paratypes), Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN, Grotta del Fiume-Grotta del Vento, Ramo sulfureo, 7.IX. 1998, S. Sarbu leg.; 2 Ƥ (paratypes), Genga, Grotta di Frasassi 1 Ma/AN, Grotta Sulfurea, 7.IX. 1998, S. Sarbu leg. (holotype deposited in MHNG, paratypes in G. Gardini coll., Genoa).
Etymology
Derivatio nominis.Sulphureus (Latin, adj.), relating to sulphur. The deep zones of the Frasassi caves complex are characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulphide and the organic material is produced by chemoautotrophic organisms (Sarbu et al.2000), allowing the development and maintenance of a hypogean community, including C. sulphureus.
Description
Description of adults (Ƥ). Troglomorphic facies. Integument weakly pigmented; marked hispid granulation on lateral surfaces of carapace, on cheliceral palm and on ventrodistal surface of chelal hand. Carapace 1.0 times longer than broad, posteriorly constricted; anterior margin (figs 210–211) closely denticulate between median macrosetae, without epistome; ocular area as in fig. 212, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy mm 4mm: 6: 4: 2: 2 (18), macrosetae fine; length of anteromedian macrosetae 0.12–0.13 mm. Chaetotaxy of tergites I–X 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 4. Chaetotaxy of sternites II–X 10:(3) 8 (3):(2) 7 (2): 8: 6: 6: 6: 6: 7; sternite III rarely with (3) 7 (3) setae, sternite V rarely with 9 setae; genital opening of males flanked by 7–8 (rarely 6) setae on each side. Chelicerae (figs 213–215) 2.3– 2.45 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 microsetae laterally; fixed finger with 9–12 teeth, proximally reduced in size, and 4–7 proximal microtubercles; movable finger with an isolated subapical tooth (di), proximal with respect to the spinneret, 5–8 teeth, distal tooth prominent and apically indented, and 3–5 proximal microtubercles; gl ratio 0.57–0.62; spinneret weakly prominent in males, prominent, acute and apically rounded in females; rallum with 11 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 3 marginal microsetae, II 4, III 5, IV 6; coxa II with 11–16 coxal spines, coxa III with 5–9 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 7.4–7.7 (3), 7.2–7.65 (Ƥ) times as long as broad; chela (figs 216–218) 7.2–7.4 (3), 6.6– 6.9 (Ƥ) times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.9 –3.0 (3), 2.7–2.8 (Ƥ) times as long as deep, weakly depressed behind trichobothria ib-isb; fixed chelal finger with 14 large, triangular, pointed teeth, one proximal tooth with rounded tip, all with dental canals and 3–5 microtubercles at finger base; tip of fixed finger with a modified accessory tooth (td) on antiaxial face; fixed chelal finger at level of est-it with 3 teeth occupying 0.1 mm (distance between successive apices 0.035–0.040 mm); distal half of movable chelal finger with 8 large, triangular, upright and pointed teeth and 1 proximal rounded tooth, all with dental canals; proximal half of movable chelal finger with straight, thick marginal lamina (rarely irregular and thinner) between b and sb; coupled sensilla pc nearer to sb than to b; trichobothria as in figs 217–218; basal apodeme of movable chelal finger strongly sclerotized, long, narrowed and indented apically; trichobothria eb-esb-ist placed in a straight line; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 1.5 (3), 1.4 (Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.2 (3 Ƥ); ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.7–1.8 (3 Ƥ). Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.7–1.8 (3), 1.7 –2.0 (Ƥ). Carapace 0.44–0.45 × 0.43–0.45 (0.39–0.42 anteriorly) (3), 0.47–0.53 × 0.47–0.52 (0.44–0.49 anteriorly) (Ƥ). Chelicerae 0.41–0.42 × 0.17–0.175 (3), 0.445– 0.49 × 0.18–0.20 (Ƥ), movable finger length 0.21 (3), 0.21–0.25 (Ƥ). Pedipalp: femur 0.76–0.78 × 0.10–0.105 (3), 0.80–0.88 × 0.11–0.12 (Ƥ); chela 1.07–1.095 × 0.145–0.15 (3), 1.11–1.25 × 0.16–0.185 (Ƥ); hand length 0.43– 0.44 (3), 0.45–0.51 (Ƥ); movable finger length 0.64–0.66 (3), 0.65–0.73 (Ƥ).
Discussion
Remarks. Among the species of the Chthonius fuscimanus group, C. sulphureus n. sp. is probably related to the epigean C. tyrrhenicus from the same geographical area, from which it differs in most troglomorphic characters, and to C. etruscus and C. latellai, hypogean species from central Italy. For comparisons between C. sulphureus, C. etruscus and C. latellai see Remarks under the latter two species. C. sulphureus, like C. latellai, inhabits a karstic complex characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulphide (Sarbu et al.2000, Latella et al.1999).
Taxon Treatment
- Gardini, Giulio; 2013: A revision of the species of the pseudoscorpion subgenus Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from Italy and neighbouring areas, Zootaxa 3655: 110-112. doi
This treatment was originally uploaded by Plazi, compare this treatment on Plazi. Unless this treatment has been substantially changed on Species-ID, Plazi requests to maintain a link back to the original repository.
