View source for Nasa humboldtiana (Urb. & Gilg) Weigend subsp. humboldtiana


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{{Publication to wiki notice
 | author = Henning, Tilo AND Acuña-Castillo, Rafael AND Cornejo, Xavier AND Gonzáles, Paúl AND Segovia, Edgar AND Wong Sato, Akira Armando AND Weigend, Maximilian
 | author_abbreviated = Henning T AND Acuña-Castillo R AND Cornejo X AND Gonzáles P AND Segovia E AND Wong Sato A AND Weigend M
 | year = 2023
 | title = When the absence of evidence is not the evidence of absence: ''Nasa'' (Loasaceae) rediscoveries from Peru and Ecuador, and the contribution of community science networks
 | journal = PhytoKeys
 | volume = 229
 | pages = 1--19
 | doi = 10.3897/phytokeys.229.100082
 | citationurl = https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=100082&element_type=9 
 | url = https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=100082
 | publisher = Pensoft Publishers
 | publisherurl = http://www.pensoft.net/
}}

{{Treatment start
 | Ordo = Cornales
 | Familia = Loasaceae
 | Genus = Nasa
 | Specific name = humboldtiana
 | Infraspecific name = 
 | Taxon rank = 	
 | Taxon authority = Henning & Acuña-Castillo & Cornejo & Gonzáles & Segovia & Wong Sato & Weigend, 2023
 | Taxon status = 
 | Nomenclature citation = {{Nomenclature citation |''{{Taxon name| Loasa humboldtiana}}'' Urg. & Gilg, Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 76: 240, pl. 5, fig. 40 (1900). Type. Ecuador. Chimborazo: Cantón Chunchi?, in andibus ecuadorensibus, Llalla, Aug 1859, ''R. Spruce 6002'' (lectotype, designated in Weigend 1996a<ref name="B37">{{aut|Weigend M}} (1996a) Notes on ''{{Taxon name|Loasa}}'' ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}) I–III.Sendtnera3: 219–253.</ref >: 232: P! <nowiki>[</nowiki>00123885<nowiki>]</nowiki>; isolectotypes: B<nowiki>[</nowiki>destroyed, F Neg No. 10196!<nowiki>]</nowiki>, BM! <nowiki>[</nowiki>BM000021453<nowiki>]</nowiki>, E! <nowiki>[</nowiki>E00085319<nowiki>]</nowiki>, F! <nowiki>[</nowiki>acc. #1540659<nowiki>]</nowiki>, GH! <nowiki>[</nowiki>00076022<nowiki>]</nowiki>, GOET!, K! <nowiki>[</nowiki>K000372786, K000372787, K000372788<nowiki>]</nowiki>, M! <nowiki>[</nowiki>0113254<nowiki>]</nowiki>, OXF!, P <nowiki>[</nowiki>P02273159<nowiki>]</nowiki> S! <nowiki>[</nowiki>acc. # S-R-8215<nowiki>]</nowiki>, W! <nowiki>[</nowiki>0053328, 1889-0113217<nowiki>]</nowiki>).}}
 | Wikispecies page name = Nasa_humboldtiana_(Urb._&_Gilg)_Weigend_subsp._humboldtiana
 | Pensoft Profile = Nasa_humboldtiana_(Urb._&_Gilg)_Weigend_subsp._humboldtiana
}}

==Type==
Based on ''{{Taxon name|Loasa humboldtiana}}'' Urb. & Gilg.<br />
''{{Taxon name|Nasa humboldtiana}}'' belongs to the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa triphylla}}'' (Juss.) Weigend complex (Dostert and Weigend 1999<ref name="B17">{{aut|Dostert N}}, {{aut|Weigend M}} (1999) A synopsis of the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa triphylla}}'' complex ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}), including some new species and subspecies.Harvard Papers in Botany4: 439–467. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761583 https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761583]</ref >), a natural group of herbaceous annuals found in the undergrowth of humid forest and disturbed sites in the northern Andes and Central America. This group is characterized by compound leaves (Fig. 2A), a trait that is very rare in ''{{Taxon name|Nasa}}'' (Acuña-Castillo et al. 2021<ref name="B1">{{aut|Acuña-Castillo R}}, {{aut|Romoleroux K}}, {{aut|Luebert F}}, {{aut|Henning T}}, {{aut|Weigend M}} (2021) Morphological, ecological and geographical evolution of the Neotropical genus ''{{Taxon name|Nasa}}'' ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}} subfamily {{Taxon name|Loasoideae}}).Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society196(4): 480–505. https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab010</ref >). The highest number of species in this complex is in the AHZ, only two out of 24 taxa (including subspecies) grow exclusively outside this region (Dostert and Weigend 1999<ref name="B17">{{aut|Dostert N}}, {{aut|Weigend M}} (1999) A synopsis of the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa triphylla}}'' complex ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}), including some new species and subspecies.Harvard Papers in Botany4: 439–467. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761583 https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761583]</ref >). {{Taxon name|Nasa (Loasa) humboldtiana}} has been very poorly understood since its original description, with only two known collections from the 19th century (Weigend 1996a<ref name="B37">{{aut|Weigend M}} (1996a) Notes on ''{{Taxon name|Loasa}}'' ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}) I–III.Sendtnera3: 219–253.</ref >). In recent years, extensive field studies yielded several new taxa closely allied to ''{{Taxon name|Nasa humboldtiana}}''. In a synopsis of the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa triphylla}}'' complex (Dostert and Weigend 1999<ref name="B17">{{aut|Dostert N}}, {{aut|Weigend M}} (1999) A synopsis of the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa triphylla}}'' complex ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}), including some new species and subspecies.Harvard Papers in Botany4: 439–467. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761583 https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761583]</ref >), ''{{Taxon name|N. humboldtiana}}'' was expanded to include three additional infraspecific taxa namely subsp. {{Taxon name|roseoalba}} (Weigend) Dostert (originally described as a distinct species, ''{{Taxon name|Loasa roseoalba}}'' Weigend: Weigend 1996a<ref name="B37">{{aut|Weigend M}} (1996a) Notes on ''{{Taxon name|Loasa}}'' ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}) I–III.Sendtnera3: 219–253.</ref >), subsp. {{Taxon name|tricolor}} Dostert & Weigend and subsp. {{Taxon name|obliqua}} Dostert & Weigend. Later, targeted field work led to the discovery of two additional subspecies. {{Taxon name|Nasa humboldtiana subsp. subtrifoliata Weigend & T.Henning and subsp. glandulifera}} Weigend & T.Henning are endemic to small forest remnants in northern Peru and under imminent threat of extinction (Henning and Weigend 2009<ref name="B21">{{aut|Henning T}}, {{aut|Weigend M}} (2009) Systematics of the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa poissoniana}}'' group ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}) from Andean South America.Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society161(3): 278–301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01006.x</ref >).<br />
{{Taxon name|Nasa (Loasa) humboldtiana}} was described in 1900 (Urban and Gilg 1900<ref name="B36">{{aut|Urban I}}, {{aut|Gilg E}} (1900) Monographia Loasacearum.Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-{{Taxon name|Carolinae}} Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum76: 1–368.</ref >), and the most recent herbarium collection by Richard Spruce dated back to Aug. 1859 from what today is the southern part of the province of Chimborazo, Ecuador (Spruce 1908<ref name="B34">{{aut|Spruce R}} (1908) Notes of a Botanist on the Amazon and Andes (Vol. 2).Macmillan & Co., London, 542 pp.</ref > p. 222 & 249–250). {{Taxon name|Nasa humboldtiana subsp. humboldtiana}} differs most notably from the other subspecies by its remarkably different nectar scales, with a rectangular (instead of tapering) scale neck (Henning and Weigend 2009<ref name="B21">{{aut|Henning T}}, {{aut|Weigend M}} (2009) Systematics of the ''{{Taxon name|Nasa poissoniana}}'' group ({{Taxon name|Loasaceae}}) from Andean South America.Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society161(3): 278–301. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01006.x</ref >). In 2021, one of us (XC) collected material clearly referable to the typical subspecies {{Taxon name|humboldtiana}} in a ravine within a conserved remnant of montane Andean forest in El Corazón, a private property located in the province of Chimborazo (Fig. 2A, B), ca. 30 km straight line from the type locality of this taxon, which signifies the rediscovery of the taxon after 162 years. The same population, represented by fewer than five individuals, has been observed in the field flowering at least twice (XC), most recently in August 2022.

==Additional specimens examined==
'''Ecuador. Chimborazo''': Cantón Pallatanga, Reserva El Corazón, a montane Andean forest, ca. 2700 m, [http://ptp.pensoft.eu/redirect_to_googlemap.php?labels%5B0%5D=2%C2%B03%27S%2C+78%C2%B054%27W&coordinates%5B0%5D=2%C2%B03%27S%2C+78%C2%B054%27W 2°3'S, 78°54'W], 10 Jul 2021, ''X. Cornejo & J. Josse 9388'' (GUAY).

==Taxon Treatment==
*{{aut|Henning, T}}; {{aut|Acuña-Castillo, R}}; {{aut|Cornejo, X}}; {{aut|Gonzáles, P}}; {{aut|Segovia, E}}; {{aut|Wong Sato, A}}; {{aut|Weigend, M}}; 2023: When the absence of evidence is not the evidence of absence: ''Nasa'' (Loasaceae) rediscoveries from Peru and Ecuador, and the contribution of community science networks [https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/ ''PhytoKeys'',] '''229''': 1-19. {{doi|10.3897/phytokeys.229.100082}}

==Images==
{{Gallery | lines=5 | width=250
|1= File:phytokeys-229-001_article-100082__-g002.jpg|2= '''Figure 2.''' '''A–D'''''{{Taxon name|Nasa humboldtiana}}'''''E, F'''''{{Taxon name|Nasa ramirezii}}'''''G, H'''''{{Taxon name|Nasa solaria}}'''''A''' trifoliolate leaf of {{Taxon name|N. humboldtiana subsp. humboldtiana}}'''B''' flower of {{Taxon name|N. humboldtiana subsp. humboldtiana}}'''C''' flower of {{Taxon name|N. humboldtiana cf. subsp. obliqua}} from Chimborazo/Ecuador '''D''' flower of {{Taxon name|N. humboldtiana subsp. obliqua}} from Cajamarca/Peru '''E''' inflorescence of ''{{Taxon name|N. ramirezii}}'' with putative pollinator '''F''' flower of ''{{Taxon name|N. ramirezii}}'''''G''' flower of ''{{Taxon name|N. solaria}}'''''H''' habit of ''{{Taxon name|N. solaria}}''. Photo credits: '''A–C''' X. Cornejo '''D''' T. Henning '''E, F''': R. Ripley '''G, H''' P. Gonzáles.
}}

==Other References==

<references />